25 JULY 2019

Question 1

primary visual fx is to

Answer 1

distinguish between the intensity of light shapes:

1. light/ dark
2. size/shape
3. location

Question 2

light shapes have three different types of things:

Answer 2

1. light /dark
2. size/shape
3. location

Question 3

primary auditory fx is

Answer 3

conscious discrimination of sound

define characteristics

Question 4

when you have dsfx in the primary auditory cortex

Answer 4

your ears project bilaterally
(wouldn’t be one-sided deafness)
-loss of locational of sounds (360* fx)

Question 5

primary visual dx:

Answer 5

1/2 visual disappears

contralateral = R side dx

Question 6

if both sides of the primary visual area dx:

Answer 6

then you get cortical blindness can grossly react to object in the visual field

Question 7

perception is the

Answer 7

recognition of sensation

Question 8

agnosia:

Answer 8

inability to recognize objects when using a specific sense even through discrete ability is intact

Question 9

the vestibular part of the picture is the

Answer 9

the dotted line in the temporal

- comes to consciousness right next to auditory sport

Question 10

fx of the vestibular spot

Answer 10

head position
head movement
contributes to a perception of the vertical

Question 11

dsfx of the vestibular part

Answer 11

pusher’s syndrome

can’t feel the pull of the gravity in one side

Question 12

agnosia comes from what cortex?

Answer 12

the secondary one

Question 13

primary overall does:

Answer 13

distinguishing senses

Question 14

secondary overall does:

Answer 14

giving meaning to senses

Question 15

ventral visual stream

Answer 15

gives meaning to what we see

is a sliver in the temporal lobe

Question 16

when the dorsal stream is dx you get

Answer 16

optic ataxia:

cant reach toward the object you see (w/precision)

Question 17

primary motor cortex fx:

Answer 17

voluntary controlled movements plan and execute movements

Question 18

dsfx of the primary motor cortex fx:

Answer 18

paresis loss of fine motor control

spastic dynamic

Question 19

corticospinal is where / what is it

Answer 19

precentral gyrus = UMN

cell bodies in the brain end in the spinal cord

Question 20

corticospinal then has what degree of control?

Answer 20

the high degree of voluntary control

Question 21

secondary auditory fx is

Answer 21

the classification of sounds

Question 22

dsfx of the secondary auditory is

Answer 22

auditory agnosia:

1. separation of speech hands off to Wernicke’s to be decoded
2. if not speech assigns meaning

Question 23

secondary somatosensory cortex fx is

Answer 23

stereognosis memory of a tactile spatial environment

Question 24

dsfx of secondary somatosensory cortex is

Answer 24

astereognosis

Question 25

premotor area fx:

Answer 25

control of trunk: girdle Mm anticipatory: loss of balance - feedforward

Question 26

dsfx of the premotor area:

Answer 26

apraxia: a breakdown between concept and performance

Question 27

def of apraxia:

Answer 27

a breakdown between concept and performance | loss of ability to carry out familiar purposeful movements

Question 28

two types of dysarthria:

Answer 28

spastic and flaccid

Question 29

flaccid dysarthria is

Answer 29

an LMN dx soft in volume mushy in annunciation

Question 30

how does flaccid dysarthria sound?

Answer 30

soft in volume | mushy in annunciation

Question 31

flaccid dysarthria affects what?

Answer 31

LMN

Question 32

spastic dysarthria is:

Answer 32

UMN dx nasally articulation tight

Question 33

how does spastic dysarthria sound?

Answer 33

nasally articulation | tight

Question 34

spastic dysarthria affects what?

Answer 34

UMN

Question 35

supplementary motor area fx ?

Answer 35

initiation of movement orientation planning manual and sequential movements

Question 36

dsfx of the supplementary motor area?

Answer 36

preservation

Question 37

preservation is

Answer 37

"to preserve: to repeat/ continue after the need has passed" you get stuck

Question 38

two types of perservation?

Answer 38

verbally or physically

Question 39

therapy for apraxia

Answer 39

1. simplify the task 2. automatic as possible - do fx tasks to prompt - use words

Question 40

broca's area fx

Answer 40

motor planning of speech usually L hemi only - creates how our mouth makes the words we are thinking

Question 41

dsfx of the broca's aphasia:

Answer 41

can understand /think words but can express those words

Question 42

inferior frontal gyrus:

Answer 42

the area corresponding to Broca's area:

Question 43

what side does the inferior frontal gyrus affect?

Answer 43

the right side

Question 44

dsfx of the inferior frontal gyrus:

Answer 44

difficulty producing nonverbal communication

Question 45

fx of the inferior frontal gyrus:

Answer 45

1. planning no verbal communication 2. emotional gestures 3. tone

Question 46

working memory maintains

Answer 46

goal-relevant information for a short time

Question 47

working memory is essential for:

Answer 47

language problem solving mental navigation reasoning

Question 48

structures of memory:

Answer 48

preforntal cortex | temporoparietal cortex

Question 49

declarative memory includes:

Answer 49

fact event concept locations

Question 50

declarative memory def:

Answer 50

things you can "explicit" remember why its explicit memory

Question 51

short declarative mem vs procedural mem

Answer 51

``` declarative = explicit procedural = implicit ```

Question 52

which memory is explicit vs. implicit

Answer 52

``` explicit = declarative implict = procedural ```

Question 53

stages of declarative memory?

Answer 53

encoding consolidation retrieval

Question 54

encoding is enhanced by?

Answer 54

1. paying attention 2. emotional arousal 3. link new info to old info 4. reviewing

Question 55

consolidation does what?

Answer 55

stabilizes memory

Question 56

consolidation is also known as

Answer 56

LTP: synaptic memory | - you putting the information away for a long time = filing cabinet

Question 57

what are the two systems of consolidation?

Answer 57

medial temporal brain = structure | sleep = necessary - you do the work during sleep

Question 58

do all of the consolidation facts:

Answer 58

- stabilizes memory - in min/hours - "filing cabinet" = stores for long time - also LTP: synaptic memory - part of medial temporal lobe - sleep is necessary

Question 59

which stage is sleep necessary for? and why?

Answer 59

consolidation | because your brain stores memories (consolidation) while you are asleep

Question 60

the first stage of declarative memory?

Answer 60

encoding

Question 61

the second stage of declarative memory

Answer 61

consolidation

Question 62

the third stage of declarative memory?

Answer 62

retrieval

Question 63

retrieval def:

Answer 63

gets info out of the file cabinet

Question 64

where does retrieval take place?

Answer 64

the lateral prefrontal cortex

Question 65

declarative memory structures?

Answer 65

medial temporal lob hippocampu meidal temporal cortex

Question 66

perceptual integration structure?

Answer 66

temporoparietal association cortex

Question 67

organization and categorization of information structure:

Answer 67

lateral prefrontal cortex

Question 68

the map of memory structures order:

Answer 68

LPFC MTL TPAC