06 JUNE 2019 Flashcards

chapter six

1
Q

list the four things an EPSP does:

A

excitatory post synaptic potential
facilitation
depolarizes
pushes CA or NA into a cell

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2
Q

list the four things an IPSP does:

A

inhibitory post synaptic potential
inhibition
hyper polarizes
pushes Cl into the cell or K out of cell

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3
Q

what are the two types of proteins are there in the synape

A

neurotransmitter and neuromodulators

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4
Q

a neuromodulator creates what type of response?

A

longer response
slower onset
can affect many neurons

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5
Q

where do neuromodulators take place?

A

act at a distance from the synaptic cleft

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6
Q

what type of response do neurotransmitters create

A

quick response

short lived response

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7
Q

where does a neurotransmitter occur at

A

neurotransmitter are released into synpatic cleft

acts on synpatic receptors

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8
Q

does a neurotransmitter excite or inhibit?

A

BOTH

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9
Q

list all the five things about the neurotransmitter

A
  1. released into synaptic cleft
  2. acts on synaptic receptors
  3. excites or inhibits
  4. quick response
  5. short lived
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10
Q

list the five things about the neuromodulators

A
  1. act at a distance
  2. can affect many neurons
  3. slower onset
  4. longer response
  5. same molecule can be either (depends)
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11
Q

what are the three types of synaptic receptors:

A
  1. directly open ion channels
  2. indirectly open ion channels (slow)
  3. activate intracellular events (slow)
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12
Q

an ligand -gated ion channel means

A

that a ligand directly opens an ion channel by binding a protein to a membrane channel
fast response

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13
Q

g protein activated ion channel means

A

g - protein activated ion channel which means that a modulator binds to g-protein coupled receptor
then the g-protein is activated
then the ion channel opens and positive ions flow inward after the g-protein sub unit moves and binds to a receptor

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14
Q

what does a g protein second messenger system

A

so a NEUROMMODULATOR binds to g-protein coupled receptor and a g-protein is activated
then the g-protein subunit moves and binds to a receptor on an enzyme the enzyme changes shape and produces a second messenger

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15
Q

list the three things about the G-protein second messenger system:

A

activates gene - manufacture other products

  • open membrane ion channels
  • release intracellular CA
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16
Q

which synaptic receptors are fast?

A

the ligand open gated channel - direct open

17
Q

which synaptic receptors are slow

A

indirectly open ion channels and activate intracellular events
- the g protein ones

18
Q

what do agonists :

A

bind and mimic

enhances release

19
Q

what do antagonist

A

bind and block

inhibit release

20
Q

give an example of an agonist:

21
Q

give an example of antagonists

22
Q

where do agonist typically take place

A

the synaptic cleft

23
Q

where do antagonists take place

A

before the synaptic cleft

24
Q

what are the three transmitters and modulators

A

acetylcholine
glutamate
GABA

25
what are great things about Acetylcholine:
its - cholinergic - excitatory - fast acting (PNS neuromuscular junction) - slow acting (ANS and CNS)
26
can acetylocholine can be fast acting or slow acting?
BOTH
27
when is an acetylocholine fast acting
when it is in the PNS neuromuscular junction
28
when is acetylocholine slow acting:
when it is in the ANS and CNS
29
give an example of a fasting acting acetylocholine
nicotinic receptor
30
give an example of a slow acting acetylocholine
muscarinic receptor