06 JUNE 2019

Question 1

list the four things an EPSP does:

Answer 1

excitatory post synaptic potential
facilitation
depolarizes
pushes CA or NA into a cell

Question 2

list the four things an IPSP does:

Answer 2

inhibitory post synaptic potential
inhibition
hyper polarizes
pushes Cl into the cell or K out of cell

Question 3

what are the two types of proteins are there in the synape

Answer 3

neurotransmitter and neuromodulators

Question 4

a neuromodulator creates what type of response?

Answer 4

longer response
slower onset
can affect many neurons

Question 5

where do neuromodulators take place?

Answer 5

act at a distance from the synaptic cleft

Question 6

what type of response do neurotransmitters create

Answer 6

quick response

short lived response

Question 7

where does a neurotransmitter occur at

Answer 7

neurotransmitter are released into synpatic cleft

acts on synpatic receptors

Question 8

does a neurotransmitter excite or inhibit?

Answer 8

BOTH

Question 9

list all the five things about the neurotransmitter

Answer 9

1. released into synaptic cleft
2. acts on synaptic receptors
3. excites or inhibits
4. quick response
5. short lived

Question 10

list the five things about the neuromodulators

Answer 10

1. act at a distance
2. can affect many neurons
3. slower onset
4. longer response
5. same molecule can be either (depends)

Question 11

what are the three types of synaptic receptors:

Answer 11

1. directly open ion channels
2. indirectly open ion channels (slow)
3. activate intracellular events (slow)

Question 12

an ligand -gated ion channel means

Answer 12

that a ligand directly opens an ion channel by binding a protein to a membrane channel
fast response

Question 13

g protein activated ion channel means

Answer 13

g - protein activated ion channel which means that a modulator binds to g-protein coupled receptor
then the g-protein is activated
then the ion channel opens and positive ions flow inward after the g-protein sub unit moves and binds to a receptor

Question 14

what does a g protein second messenger system

Answer 14

so a NEUROMMODULATOR binds to g-protein coupled receptor and a g-protein is activated
then the g-protein subunit moves and binds to a receptor on an enzyme the enzyme changes shape and produces a second messenger

Question 15

list the three things about the G-protein second messenger system:

Answer 15

activates gene - manufacture other products

• open membrane ion channels
• release intracellular CA

Question 16

which synaptic receptors are fast?

Answer 16

the ligand open gated channel - direct open

Question 17

which synaptic receptors are slow

Answer 17

indirectly open ion channels and activate intracellular events
- the g protein ones

Question 18

what do agonists :

Answer 18

bind and mimic

enhances release

Question 19

what do antagonist

Answer 19

bind and block

inhibit release

Question 20

give an example of an agonist:

Answer 20

nicotine

Question 21

give an example of antagonists

Answer 21

botox

Question 22

where do agonist typically take place

Answer 22

the synaptic cleft

Question 23

where do antagonists take place

Answer 23

before the synaptic cleft

Question 24

what are the three transmitters and modulators

Answer 24

acetylcholine
glutamate
GABA

Question 25

what are great things about Acetylcholine:

Answer 25

its

• cholinergic
• excitatory
• fast acting (PNS neuromuscular junction)
• slow acting (ANS and CNS)

Question 26

can acetylocholine can be fast acting or slow acting?

Answer 26

BOTH

Question 27

when is an acetylocholine fast acting

Answer 27

when it is in the PNS neuromuscular junction

Question 28

when is acetylocholine slow acting:

Answer 28

when it is in the ANS and CNS

Question 29

give an example of a fasting acting acetylocholine

Answer 29

nicotinic receptor

Question 30

give an example of a slow acting acetylocholine

Answer 30

muscarinic receptor