06 JUNE 2019 Flashcards
chapter six
list the four things an EPSP does:
excitatory post synaptic potential
facilitation
depolarizes
pushes CA or NA into a cell
list the four things an IPSP does:
inhibitory post synaptic potential
inhibition
hyper polarizes
pushes Cl into the cell or K out of cell
what are the two types of proteins are there in the synape
neurotransmitter and neuromodulators
a neuromodulator creates what type of response?
longer response
slower onset
can affect many neurons
where do neuromodulators take place?
act at a distance from the synaptic cleft
what type of response do neurotransmitters create
quick response
short lived response
where does a neurotransmitter occur at
neurotransmitter are released into synpatic cleft
acts on synpatic receptors
does a neurotransmitter excite or inhibit?
BOTH
list all the five things about the neurotransmitter
- released into synaptic cleft
- acts on synaptic receptors
- excites or inhibits
- quick response
- short lived
list the five things about the neuromodulators
- act at a distance
- can affect many neurons
- slower onset
- longer response
- same molecule can be either (depends)
what are the three types of synaptic receptors:
- directly open ion channels
- indirectly open ion channels (slow)
- activate intracellular events (slow)
an ligand -gated ion channel means
that a ligand directly opens an ion channel by binding a protein to a membrane channel
fast response
g protein activated ion channel means
g - protein activated ion channel which means that a modulator binds to g-protein coupled receptor
then the g-protein is activated
then the ion channel opens and positive ions flow inward after the g-protein sub unit moves and binds to a receptor
what does a g protein second messenger system
so a NEUROMMODULATOR binds to g-protein coupled receptor and a g-protein is activated
then the g-protein subunit moves and binds to a receptor on an enzyme the enzyme changes shape and produces a second messenger
list the three things about the G-protein second messenger system:
activates gene - manufacture other products
- open membrane ion channels
- release intracellular CA
which synaptic receptors are fast?
the ligand open gated channel - direct open
which synaptic receptors are slow
indirectly open ion channels and activate intracellular events
- the g protein ones
what do agonists :
bind and mimic
enhances release
what do antagonist
bind and block
inhibit release
give an example of an agonist:
nicotine
give an example of antagonists
botox
where do agonist typically take place
the synaptic cleft
where do antagonists take place
before the synaptic cleft
what are the three transmitters and modulators
acetylcholine
glutamate
GABA
what are great things about Acetylcholine:
its
- cholinergic
- excitatory
- fast acting (PNS neuromuscular junction)
- slow acting (ANS and CNS)
can acetylocholine can be fast acting or slow acting?
BOTH
when is an acetylocholine fast acting
when it is in the PNS neuromuscular junction
when is acetylocholine slow acting:
when it is in the ANS and CNS
give an example of a fasting acting acetylocholine
nicotinic receptor
give an example of a slow acting acetylocholine
muscarinic receptor
