25 Third Subjunctive: PRESENT Indicators

Question 1

𝐑𝐮𝐥𝐞 𝟏: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐮𝐛𝐣𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐀𝐟𝐭𝐞𝐫 ‘𝐐𝐮𝐞’

The subjunctive frequently follows ‘que’, and is used after verbs that express

Answer 1

𝐀. 𝐖𝐢𝐬𝐡𝐞𝐬, 𝐡𝐨𝐩𝐞𝐬, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐝𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐬
 For example: 
esperar que, 
desear que,
 querer que

Question 2

I hope you go

I want you to come

Answer 2

Espero que vayas

Quiero que vengas

Question 3

𝐁. 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐟, 𝐝𝐨𝐮𝐛𝐭, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐚𝐥, 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐞𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞:

Answer 3

no creer que,
dudar que,
negar que

Question 4

I don’t think it’s true

Answer 4

No creo que sea verdad

Question 5

I deny that she was there

Answer 5

Niego que ella estuviera allí (Imperfect Subj)

Question 6

𝐂. 𝐏𝐨𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐛𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐡𝐲𝐩𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐬

Answer 6

For example:
es posible que,
es probable que

Question 7

It’s possible they’ll come

Answer 7

Es posible que vengan

Question 8

It’s likely that I’ll go

Answer 8

Es probable que vaya

Question 9

𝐃. 𝐑𝐞𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐬

Answer 9

For example:

pedir que,
decir que,
exigir que (to demand that)

Question 10

I’m asking you to come and collect me this afternoon

Answer 10

Te estoy pidiendo que vengas a recogerme esta tarde.

Question 11

I ask that you don’t get back/arrive late

Answer 11

Te pido que no regreses / llegues tarde

Question 12

I demand that you treat me with respect

Answer 12

Te exijo que me trates con respeto

Question 13

to demand

Answer 13

exigir

Question 14

𝐄. 𝐎𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐚𝐝𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐚𝐝𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐬

Answer 14

For example:
es fantástico que, = its fantastic that
es una vergüenza que = it’s a shame that,
es injusto que, = it’s unfair that,
es bueno que, = it’s good that
es malo que, = its bad that
está bien que, = it’s good that
está mal que, = it’s wrong that,
el hecho de que = the fact that

Question 15

It’s important that you study

Answer 15

Es importante que estudies

Question 16

I’d like to thank you (Sing/Pl) for coming today.

Answer 16

Me gustaría agradecer el hecho de que haya/hayan venido hoy.

Question 17

The fact that you are going back to work is good news

Answer 17

El hecho de que vuelvas a trabajar es una buena noticia

Question 18

𝐅. 𝐎𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐬𝐮𝐠𝐠𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐚𝐝𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐚𝐝𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐬

Answer 18

For example:
Es mejor que, = it’s better that,
hace falta que, = it is necessary that,
es necesario que, = it is necessary that,
aconsejo que, = I advise that,
recomiendo que = I recommend that

Question 19

It’d be better for you to go

Answer 19

Es mejor que te vayas

Question 20

You need to learn more

Answer 20

Hace falta que aprendas más

Necesitas que aprendas más

Question 21

It’s necessary that you return

Answer 21

Es necesario que vuelvas

Question 22

I advise you to be careful

Answer 22

Te aconsejo que tengas cuidado

Question 23

I recommend that you get up early

Answer 23

Te recomiendo que te levantes pronto

Question 24

𝐆. 𝐄𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬

I’m happy that you are happy

Answer 24

For example:
siento que, = I feel that,
lamento que, = I regret that,
me gusta que, = I like that,
me alegro (de) que, =I’m happy that,
me extraña que, = I’m surprised that
me sorprende que = I’m surprised that,
= It is surprising to me
estoy feliz de que seas feliz

Question 25

I’m sorry you don’t want to come

Answer 25

Siento que no quieras venir

Question 26

I like it that she helps me

Answer 26

Me gusta que ella me ayude

Question 27

I’m happy that you like it

Answer 27

Me alegro (de) que te guste

Question 28

It’s strange/surprising that they haven’t shown up

I am surprised

Answer 28

Me extraña que no hayan aparecido

Question 29

It bothers me that they call you outside working hours

Answer 29

Me molesta que te llamen fuera de horas de trabajo

Question 30

𝐇. “𝐍𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧”

Answer 30

For example:

No veo que,
no digo que,
no me acuerdo que,
no noto que (I don’t notice that)

Question 31

I don’t see that you’re helping me

Answer 31

No veo que me ayudes

Question 32

I’m not saying that it’s true

Answer 32

No digo que sea verdad

Question 33

I don’t remember what they told me

Answer 33

No me recuerdo de lo que me dijeron (Preterite not Subj)

Question 34

I can’t tell that they’re sad

Actual: I do not notice that they are sad

Answer 34

No noto que estén tristes

Question 35

How the subjunctive is used can best be seen through examples of various uses.

Answer 35

In these sample sentences, the Spanish verbs are all in the subjunctive mood, although the English verbs may not be:

Question 36

I want you to not be cold.

Answer 36

Quiero que no tengas frío.

Question 37

I’m sorry you are cold.

The sentence expresses the speaker’s emotions about a perceived reality.

Answer 37

Siento que tengas frio.

What is important in this sentence is the speaker’s feelings, not whether the other person is cold.

Question 38

I’m giving you my coat so you won’t be cold.

Answer 38

Te doy mi chaqueta para que no tengas frío.

The sentence expresses the speaker’s intent, not necessarily reality.

Question 39

People are allowed to wear jackets there.

Answer 39

Se permite que lleven chaquetas allí.

The phrase expresses permission for an action to take place.

Question 40

Tell her to wear her jacket.

Answer 40

Di a ella que lleve una chaqueta.

This expresses a command or wish of the speaker.

Question 41

It is preferable that you (Pl) don’t travel to London tomorrow.

Answer 41

Es preferible que ustedes no viajen mañana a Londres.

This subjunctive is often used in giving advice.

Question 42

Nobody is cold.

Answer 42

No hay nadie que tenga frío.

This is an expression of a negation of the action in a subordinate clause.

Question 43

Perhaps he is cold.

Answer 43

Tal vez tenga frío. (Subj) BUT El tiene frio (Indic)

This is an expression of doubt.

Question 44

If I were a rich man, I would play the fiddle.

Answer 44

Si yo fuera un rico, tocaría el violín. (Conditional)

This is an expression of a statement contrary to fact. Note that in this English translation, “were” is also in the subjunctive mood.)

Question 45

What is the subjunctive?

The subjunctive is a verb mood. What does that mean? A verb mood, of which there are four, shows the meaning behind a verb, not the time at which it occurred - the subjunctive ≠ a tense. The four verb moods which exist are the indicative, the conditional, the subjunctive, and the jussive.

Answer 45

The indicative is the easier form which is learnt first - used for things like facts or definite situations, like “He was here”. The conditional is used for situations which are dependent on other situations to be able to occur, like “I would go, if I had the time“. The jussive is the form used for the “Let’s …“ and imperative forms of the verb, like “Let’s eat” and “Eat!”. The subjunctive, however, is used in situations of doubt, desire, opinion, and others, which will be shown later.

Question 46

The indicative mood is used to talk about facts and other statements that are believed to be true and concrete.

Answer 46

The subjunctive mood is used to talk about desires, doubts, wishes, conjectures, and possibilities.

El estado de ánimo de subjuntivo se utiliza para hablar de deseos, dudas, imperativos, conjeturas y posibilidades.

Question 47

𝐌𝐨𝐨𝐝 𝐯𝐬. 𝐓𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐞

Grammatical mood reflects a speaker’s attitude toward a statement. As stated above, Spanish has three moods: the subjunctive, the indicative, and the conditional, imperative.

Answer 47

Grammatical tense refers to when an action takes place. Spanish has three tenses: the past, the present, and the future.

Question 48

General Rules for Differentiating Between the Indicative and the Subjunctive:
The indicative mood is used to talk about things that are objective and/or certain. This includes things like facts, descriptions, and scheduled events.

Answer 48

The subjunctive mood is used to talk about things that are subjective and/or possible, but not certain. This includes things like doubts, wishes, recommendations, unknowns, and opinions about the likelihood of other events occurring.

Question 49

INDICATIVE PRESENT TENSE

Victoria studies Spanish.

Answer 49

INDICATIVE PRESENT TENSE

Victoria estudia español. (I)

Question 50

SUBJUNCTIVE PRESENT TENSE

It is possible that Victoria studies Spanish.

Answer 50

SUBJUNCTIVE PRESENT TENSE

Es posible que Victoria estudie español. (S)

Question 51

INDICATIVE PRESENT TENSE

I’m sure that Victoria studies Spanish.

Answer 51

INDICATIVE PRESENT TENSE

Estoy seguro que Victoria estudia español.

Question 52

SUBJUNCTIVE PRESENT TENSE

I doubt that Victoria studies Spanish.

Answer 52

SUBJUNCTIVE PRESENT TENSE

Dudo que Victoria estudie español. (S)

Question 53

Victoria estudia español. Indicative

Answer 53

From the speaker’s viewpoint, the idea that “Victoria studies Spanish” is an objective fact.

Question 54

Es posible que Victoria estudie español. Subjunctive

Answer 54

From the speaker’s viewpoint, the idea that “Victoria studies Spanish” is a hypothetical situation that may or may not be true.

Question 55

Estoy seguro que Victoria estudia español. (Indicative)

Answer 55

From the speaker’s viewpoint, there is no doubt about Victoria studying Spanish.

Question 56

Dudo que Victoria estudie español. Subjunctive

Answer 56

From the speaker’s viewpoint, there is doubt about Victoria studying Spanish.

Question 57

Did you notice the repetition of the phrase “from the speaker’s viewpoint” above? This is key to understanding a very important point: “indicative” does not mean “true.”

Answer 57

As long as a speaker feels that what they’re saying is true, the indicative can be used. This does not, however, mean that what they’re saying is actually true.

Question 58

𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐔𝐬𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐮𝐛𝐣𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞

There are three main features that most sentences that use the subjunctive share: 
TWO SUBJECTS
TWO VERBS
and a 
RELATIVE PRONOUN

Answer 58

Hay tres características principales que comparten la mayoría de las oraciones que usan el subjuntivo:

Question 59

1. TWO SUBJECTS

Most Subjunctive sentences will have one subject in the main clause and one in the secondary clause.

Answer 59

TWO SUBJECTS

The attitude of the subject in the main clause is what triggers the use of the subjunctive in the secondary clause.

Question 60

Laura wants you to clean the bathroom.

Answer 60

Laura quiere que tú limpies el baño.

Question 61

It is perfectly possible to use the subjunctive when both clauses refer to the same subject.

Answer 61

For example:

Question 62

I doubt I can go to the party.

I hope I know how to do it.

Answer 62

Dudo que yo pueda ir a la fiesta.

Espero que yo lo sepa hacer.

Question 63

2. TWO VERBS
   Most subjunctive sentences have two verbs: a verb in the indicative in the main clause and a verb in the subjunctive in the secondary clause.

Answer 63

2. TWO VERBS

For example:

Question 64

Laura wants you to clean the bathroom.

Answer 64

Laura quiere que tú limpies el baño.

Question 65

3. A RELATIVE PRONOUN
   Most subjunctive sentences have a relative pronoun (such as QUE or QUIEN) that links the main (indicative) clause to the secondary (subjunctive) clause.

Answer 65

For example:

Question 66

Laura wants you to clean the bathroom.

Answer 66

Laura quiere QUE tú limpies el baño.

Question 67

WORDS AND PHRASES THAT TRIGGER THE SUBJUNCTIVE CONCEPT “WEIRDO” VERBS

Answer 67

RELATED VERBS AND PHRASES

Question 68

𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐬 𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐤 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐰𝐢𝐬𝐡𝐞𝐬

Answer 68

desear, 
esperar, 
exigir,   = to demand
 insistir 
preferir
 querer
 pedir
 necesitar

Question 69

𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐬 𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐤 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬
siento que, = I feel that,
lamento que, = I regret that,
me gusta que, = I like that,
me alegro (de) que, =I’m happy that,
me extraña que, = I’m surprised that
me sorprende que = I’m surprised that,

Answer 69

alegrarse
 enojarse
 sentir
 encantar
 lamentar
 sorprender

Question 70

𝐈𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐞𝐱𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬

𝐀𝐍𝐃

𝐄. 𝐎𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐚𝐝𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐚𝐝𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐬

Answer 70

es extraño que = its strange/ surprising that
es importante que = its important that
es fantástico que =its fantastic that
es fantástico que, = its fantastic that
es una vergüenza que = it’s a shame that,
es injusto que, = it’s unfair that,
es bueno que, = it’s good that
es malo que, = its bad that
está bien que, = it’s good that
está mal que, = it’s wrong that,
el hecho de que = the fact that

Question 71

𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐬 𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐤 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬

𝐅. 𝐎𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐬𝐮𝐠𝐠𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐚𝐝𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐚𝐝𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐬

Answer 71

recomendar
sugerir
aconsejar
ordenar
mandar = to send
insistir
Es mejor que, = it’s better that,
hace falta que, = it is necessary that,
es necesario que, = it is necessary that,
recomiendo que = I recommend that

Question 72

𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐬 𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐤 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐝𝐨𝐮𝐛𝐭 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐚𝐥
𝐀𝐍𝐃
𝐇. “𝐍𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧”
No veo que,
no digo que,
no me acuerdo que, = I don’t remember that
no noto que

Answer 72

dudar
no creer
no estar seguro
no parecer
no comprender
no pensar

Question 73

𝐎𝐣𝐚𝐥á

Answer 73

For this category, there’s just one word - OJALÁ