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Nutrition 2 (Semester II) > 13f. Skin Health - Psoriasis > Flashcards

13f. Skin Health - Psoriasis Flashcards

1
Q

What is psoriasis?

A

AI skin condition
Characterised by hyperkeratosis

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2
Q

How does psoriasis present?

A

Symmetric
Well-defined
Salmon coloured plaques
Overlapping thick silvery scales

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3
Q

Where does psoriasis usually present?

A

Scalp
Elbows
Knees
Ankles

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4
Q

How are nails affected by psoriasis?

A

Pitting
Flaking
Oil drop stippling

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5
Q

What time of year is psoriasis usually worse?

A

Winter

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6
Q

What is the pathogenesis of psoriasis?

A

AI
Dysregulated T-cell mediated inflammation
Keratinocyte proliferation
Dysfunctional differentiation

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7
Q

What are the two phases of the development of psoriasis?

A

Initiation phase
Maintenance phase

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8
Q

What does the initiation phase of psoriasis development consist of?

A

Keratinocytes respond to a trigger
Dendritic cells stimulated
Cytokine production
T-helper cell differentiation

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9
Q

What does the maintenance phase of psoriasis development consist of?

A

T-helper cells release cytokines
Keratinocyte proliferation
More inflammatory cells

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10
Q

What are the complications of psoriasis?

A

Psoriatic arthritis
CVD
IBD

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11
Q

Causes and risk factors for psoriasis

A

Genetics
Trauma
Vaccination
Air pollution
Medications
Infectious agents
Smoking
Alcohol
Metabolic syndrome
Gut dysbiosis
High toxic load
Poor protein digestion
Chronic stress
NAFLD

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12
Q

Which genes makes an individual more susceptible to psoriasis?

A

HLA-Cw6
PSORS1

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13
Q

Why is trauma a risk factor for psoriasis?

A

Often appears in areas after injury

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14
Q

Which vaccinations is psoriasis development associated with?

A

Flu
COVID-19

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15
Q

Which medications are considered risk factors for psoriasis?

A

Corticosteroids
NSAIDs
Beta-blockers
Anti-malarial

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16
Q

Which bacteria is associated with psoriasis?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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17
Q

Why is smoking a risk factor for psoriasis?

A

Increases oxidative stress
Increases NF-kB and inflammatory cytokines

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18
Q

Why is alcohol a risk factor for psoriasis?

A

Ethanol increases TNF-a
Increases lymphocyte proliferation
Increase mast cell histamine release

19
Q

Why is metabolic syndrome a risk factor for psoriasis?

A

Inflammation increases adipose tissue
This leads to abnormal fatty acid metabolism
High serum FFAs sensitises dendritic cells to amplify Th1/Th17 responses

20
Q

Why is gut dysbiosis a risk factor for psoriasis?

A

Linked to reduced Akkermansia and Bacteroides
Increased Firmicutes phylum

21
Q

Why is poor protein digestion a risk factor for psoriasis?

A

Produces polyamines which can induce excess cell proliferation through the inhibition of cAMP
(cyclic adenosine monophosphate)

22
Q

Why is NAFLD a risk factor for psoriasis?

A

Twice as prevalent in psoriasis
Insulin resistance likely to be a contributing factor

23
Q

Why is chronic stress a risk factor for psoriasis?

A

Reduced cortisol/increased adrenaline, noradrenaline stimulate mast cells
Affects skin barrier function
Upregulates proinflammatory cytokines

24
Q

Naturopathic approach to psoriasis

A

Naturopathic diet with focus on fibre
AO-rich fruit/veg
EFAs
Detox protocol
AI protocol
Digestive support
Pre-/probiotics
Weight loss
Stress management
Reduce toxic load

25
Q

Why is fibre important in supporting psoriasis?

A

Facilitate bowel movement
Support gut commensals
Support SCFA production

26
Q

Why are AO-rich fruit/veg important in supporting psoriasis?

A

Reduce inflammation
Support liver detoxification

27
Q

Which foods should be restricted in psoriasis?

A

Gluten
Red meat
Simple sugars

28
Q

Examples of topical applications useful for psoriasis?

A

Coconut oil
Neem
Aloe vera

29
Q

Why is coconut oil useful for psoriasis?

A

Anti-fungal
Replenishing

30
Q

Why are neem and aloe vera useful for psoriasis?

A

Anti-inflammatory

31
Q

Which nutrients are important in supporting psoriasis?

A

A
D
E
Se
Zn
EFAs

32
Q

Why is vit A important in supporting psoriasis?

A

Epithelial cell differentiation
Collagen synthesis

33
Q

Dosage of vit A in supporting psoriasis

A

5000iu/day

34
Q

Why is vit D important in supporting psoriasis?

A

Anti-inflammatory
Immunomodulatory

35
Q

Why is vit E important in supporting psoriasis?

A

Reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines
Reduces monocyte adhesion to endothelial tissue

36
Q

Dosage of vit E in supporting psoriasis

A

400-800iu/day

37
Q

Why is Se important in supporting psoriasis?

A

Levels often low in psoriasis patients
Possibly due to alcohol, malnutrition, excessive skin loss

38
Q

Dosage of Se in supporting psoriasis

A

100-200mcg/day

39
Q

Why are O3s important in supporting psoriasis?

A

Arachidonic acid found in high levels in psoriatic skin

40
Q

Why is Zn important in supporting psoriasis?

A

Co-enzyme for DNA and RNA polymerases

41
Q

Dosage of Zn in supporting psoriasis

A

15-30mg/day

42
Q

Examples of anti-inflammatory herbs to support psoriasis

A

Turmeric
Boswelia

43
Q

Dosage of turmeric in supporting psoriasis

A

500-2000mg/day

44
Q

Dosage of boswelia in supporting psoriasis

A

200-500mg/day

Nutrition 2 (Semester II) (55 decks)

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