11g. CV Health - Heart Failure Flashcards
What is heart failure?
Syndrome in which the heart is impaired as a pump
Fails to supply sufficient blood flow
Signs and symptoms of heart failure
Breathlessness
Fatigue
Fluid retention - ankle oedema
Exercise intolerance
Tachycardia
Complications of HF
Atrial fibrillation
CKD
Sudden cardiac death
Allopathic approach to treating HF
Digoxin
Diuretics
Ca channel blockers
ACE-inhibitors
Causes/risk factors for HF
Other CV conditions - IHD, hypertension, AF
Smoking
Raised homocysteine
Sedentary lifestyle
Co-morbidities - CKD, anaemia, T2D, hypothyroidism
Insulin resistance
Obesity
Nutrient deficiencies
Why is insulin resistance a risk factor for HF?
IR reduces myocardial glucose utilisation and increases FA oxidation = generation of ROS which impairs cardiac contractibility
Why is obesity a risk factor for HF?
Alters cardiac structure
Promotes endothelial dysfunction
Contributes to IR and inflammatory cytokines
Which nutrient deficiencies are a risk factor for HF?
CoQ10
D
B1, B2, B9, B12
Ca
Cu
Mg
Mn
K
Se
Fe
Natural approach to supporting HF
Natural approach to CVD with focus on supporting myocardial energy production
Lower CVD risk factors - hypertension, obesity, IR, T2D
Correct nutrient deficiencies
Correct K:Na ratio
Smoking cessation
Nutrients specific to supporting HF
CoQ10
D-ribose
Mg
B1
L-carnitine
Hawthorn
Why is D-ribose good for supporting HF?
Regenerates low myocardial ATP
Dosage of D-ribose in supporting HF
5-15g/day
Why is B1 good for supporting HF?
Required for energy producing reactions
Fuels myocardial contraction
Dosage of B1 in supporting HF
100-200mg/day
Why is L-carnitine good for supporting HF?
Facilitates transfer of fatty acids across mitochondrial membranes to initiate beta-oxidation
