13.3 Cultural development Flashcards
Which model is based in six core orientations towards cultural differences, representing predictabe stages of becoming more interculturally sensitive?
The development model
What are the six stages of the development model?
DDMAAI
1 Denial 2 Defence 3 Minimalisation 4 Acceptance 5 Adaptation 6 Integration
The cultural development model is based on 6 core orientations towards differences in cultures. Summarise stage 1 (Denial).
The individual does not percieve cultural difference at all, or only as “foreigners” or “minorities”.
What competencies should be developed during the “Denial” (stage 1) of the development model?
Ability to recognise cultural differences and explore other cultures
The cultural development model is based on 6 core orientations towards differences in cultures. Summarise stage 2 (Defence).
There is a recognition of cultural differences but with a tendency to use “us and them”, with “us” being superior.
What competencies should be developed during the “Defence” (stage 2) of the development model?
Ability to manage one’s own discomfort and anxiety, and to maintain personal control.
The cultural development model is based on 6 core orientations towards differences in cultures. Summarise stage 3 (Minimialisation).
Recognition of some superficial differences (surface level artefacts) while viewing all humans as essentially the same.
What competencies should be developed during the “Minimalisation” (stage 3) of the development model?
Remaining open minded, learning about one’s own culture, and developing listenting skills and non-judgemental interaction
The cultural development model is based on 6 core orientations towards differences in cultures. Summarise stage 4 (Acceptance).
One view’s one’s own culture is just one of a number of equally complex worldviews.
What competencies should be developed during the “Acceptance” (stage 4) of the development model?
Culture-specific knowledge, the ability to differentiate and create cultural categories.
The cultural development model is based on 6 core orientations towards differences in cultures. Summarise stage 5 (Adaptation).
Able to develop communication skills and alternative behaviour for other cultural contexts.
What competencies should be developed during the “Adaptation” (stage 5) of the development model?
Empathy, risk taking, problem solving and flexibility in communication style.
The cultural development model is based on 6 core orientations towards differences in cultures. Summarise stage 6 (Integration).
Internatlisation of bicultural or multicultural perspectives.
What competencies should be developed during the “Integration” (stage 6) of the development model?
Culturally sensitive sense of humour, ability to take leadership roles, ability to switch identity according to cultural context.
What is the term to describe the act of judging another culture based on preoccupations that are found in values and standards of one’s own culture.
Ethnocentrism
What is the term used to descrive the perception of other cultures as separate and valid alternatives that are no better or worse than one’s own?
Ethnorelative
Which stages of the development model are ethnocentric?
1 Denial
2 Defence
3 Minimalisation
Which stages of the development model are ethnorelative?
4 Acceptance
5 Adaptation
6 Integration
What does CQ stand for?
Cultural intelligence
What is Earley and Mosakowski’s (2004) defintion of cultural intelligence?
An outsider’s seemingly natural ability to interpret someone’s unfamiliar and ambigious gestures the way that person’s compatriots would.
What are Earley and Mosakowski’s (2004) three types of cultural intelligence that can be developed?
1 Cognitive CQ
2 Physical CQ
3 Emotional / motivational CQ
Cross offers four methods of dealing with multicultural teams:
1 A________ - acknowledging and accomodating cultural gaps
2 S_________ i__________ - changing the same of the team
3 M__________ i___________ - setting norms early or bringing in a higher level manager
4 E___ - removing a team member when other options fail.
1 Adaptation - acknowledging and accomodating cultural gaps
2 Structural intervention - changing the same of the team
3 Managerial intervention - setting norms early or bringing in a higher level manager
4 Exit - removing a team member when other options fail.
