10 - charles and parliament

Question 1

parliament of 1625

Answer 1

he became king and called parliamebnt to secure money for the war with spain before listening to them
commons wanted to demonstrate loyalty and voted two subsidies worth £140000 which wasnt enough

Question 2

issues with parliament of 1625

Answer 2

tonnage and poundage
the failure of commons to finance a war that they had approved

Question 3

Tonnage and poundage

the parliament of 1625

Answer 3

parliament would only grant 1 year of tonage and poundage until they could discuss reforms
king was deeply offended by this

Question 4

Why was parliament of 1625 dissolved

Answer 4

commons turned their attention to buckingham, who they blamed for mishandling the kings affairs.
charles saw this as an attack on his authority

Question 5

Ouctome of the parliament of 1625

Answer 5

• commons upset that he didnt want to listen to their poblems, and just wanted to secure funding for the spanish war
• charles felt betrayed that commons wouldnt finance the war that they authorised, their attacks on buckingham and their failure to grant tonnage and poundage

Question 6

parliament of 1626

Answer 6

chalres’ aim with this parliamnet was to remove those that he blamed for the failure of the last parliament
he made some sheriffs so that they were unable to stand for election and simply removed others such as Lord coke

Question 7

outcome of parliament of 1626

Answer 7

commons discussed subsidies but didnt grant them
they cirtiicsied corwn policy such as expedition to cadiz, the york confeence and the rise of arminians
they prepared letters of impeachment against buckingham, who they blamed for everything

Question 8

The end of parliament in 1626

Answer 8

to avoid the threat to his friend, buck, charles dissolved parliament, putting buck above his relations with parliament

Question 9

The forced loan

Answer 9

without parliament, large ougoings of war and little income other than captures french ships that brought in 50k
a forced loan levied in 1625, worth 2 subsidies on the richer subjects
passed in 1626 a forced loan that was worth 5 subsidis on ALL subjects (against advice)
parliamentary taxation without parliament
raised “260k by 1927 and imprisoned those who didnt pay (76 were)

Question 10

The 5 knights case

Answer 10

5 knighst arrestes for not paying the forced loan
they challenged under habeos corpus
crown knew it was to risky to take to court as the judge would likely let them go
they were inrpisoned under “special command on the king”
he was now inprisoning and collecting tax at his own pleasure

Question 11

unrest after the 5 knights case

Answer 11

taxes without consent
inprisonment off of his own free will
billeting and martial law in southern counties causing unrest

Question 12

billeting

Answer 12

compelling householders to provide soldiers with food or shelter

Question 13

martial law

Answer 13

the replacement of civil law with army rules, inclduing night time curfew ect

Question 14

Parliament of 1628-29

Answer 14

no choice but to calll antoher parliament as foriegn policy worsened
commons realised they had to make concessions to have their opinions heard
granted generous subsidied in return for the petition of right

Question 15

petition of right

Answer 15

safeguarded the liberties of parlaiement
ended -
* non parliamentary taxation
* inprisonment without cause
* billeting
* martial law

Question 16

Charles’ reaction to the petition of right

Answer 16

he didnt want restirctions on his freedom
he firstly denied the assent to make it law
he was still waiting for themto pass the 5 subsidied they agreed to so he passed it into law

Question 17

the commons remonstrance

Answer 17

commons drew up a formal statment of grievances (remonstrance) after the petition of right
* innovations in religiion
* innovation in government inclduing buckingham
* disasters and dangers at home and abroad
* the judgement of god on the parliament

Question 18

the end of parliament 1628-29

Answer 18

commons began a second remonstrance denouncing the king, and charles disolved parliament
he had obtained the 5 subsidied bu tnot tonnage and poundage but continued to collect it any ways
some merchants refused to pay it but parliament backed the corwn and said the petition of right was too general

Question 19

Death of buckingham

Answer 19

there was no longer a scapegoat for those who dislkied royal policy , realising it wss actually the king at fault

Question 20

The second session of 1629

Answer 20

dominated by religion and tonnage and poundage

Question 21

Religion in the second session of 1629

Answer 21

charles reinstated resusancy fines and Abbot, a prutian was readmited to the privy council
commons wanted to use customs to negotiate religious concessions

Question 22

Tonnage and poundage in the second session of 1629

Answer 22

commons were not going to grant charles customers without concessions from the court

Question 23

The three resolutions

Answer 23

called out in a demonstration in the 2nd session of 1629
held down the speaker when the king tried to overturn court and called out these resoluions to condem anyone who:
* promotes innovation in religion
* counselled the collection of tonnage and poundage without parliamentray taxation
* voluntarily paid the duties

Question 24

The dissolution of parliament in 1629

Answer 24

Inprisoned those who took part in the demonstartion of the three resolutions
ignored the three resolutions
resolved and wanted to do without them in the future

Question 25

Reasons for the break down between parliament and the crown

Answer 25

charles pusued unpopular religions, financial and foreign affairs polcies
didnt explain his policies well
changing role of parliament
strained relationship between corwn and commons

Question 26

the changing role of parliament

breakdown between crown and parliament

Answer 26

buckingham dominated effective disucssion with the privy council, meaning debates had to be held in common sinstead
failure to enter the court by Mps due to bucks dominated, vented their anger in commons
commons became a cirtic of the king and government, making it not worth the struggle to win approval

Question 27

strained relationship between crown and commons

Answer 27

commons didnt want to fun dthe war wirth spain, causing charles to fund in non-parliamentary ways hich caused strain