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-x-A320 notes-x- > -x- Protections and Stabilities -x- > Flashcards

-x- Protections and Stabilities -x- Flashcards

1
Q

What are the indications that alpha lock is triggered?

A

A-LOCK pulses on EWD (just above the slats on the slat/flap position indicator)

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of abnormal attitude law?

A

Operates like normal law with no stabilities, and auto pitch trim is also lost

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3
Q

What does low speed stability do in alternate law? Can this be overridden?

A

Introduces a progressive nose down input, which can be overridden by pilot input

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4
Q

In mechanical backup, what can be used to control the aircraft?

A

THS, rudder and differential thrust

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5
Q

What does high speed stability do in alternate law? Can this be overridden?

A

Introduces a nose up demand when above VMO/MMO which can be overridden by pilot input

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6
Q

When do you get an overspeed warning?

A

VMO +4
MMO +0.006

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7
Q

At what point does AP disconnect in slow speed?

A

Valpha prot + 1 degree

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8
Q

At what angle of bank does the AP disconnect?

A

45 degrees

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9
Q

When is abnormal attitude law triggered?

A

When normal law envelope is exceeded by external forces (eg wake turbulence encounter)

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10
Q

What happens once recovered from abnormal attitude law?

A

Auto pitch trim is regained, and aircraft will be in alternate law for the remainder of the flight. The aircraft lands in alternate law

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11
Q

With sustained sidestick input, what will speed decay until?

A

ValphaMax

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12
Q

At what angle of bank do the FDs disappear?

A

45 degrees

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13
Q

When does AP disconnect in overspeed?

A

VMO +15
MMO +0.04

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14
Q

What is the purpose of abnormal attitude law?

A

Prevents normal law from impeding recovery

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15
Q

With A/THR engaged, what lowest speed will you decrease towards?

A

VLS +/-2kt

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16
Q

When does the aircraft revert to direct law?

A

When in alternate law, gear down, AP off for landing

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17
Q

What is the high AoA protection bank angle limit?

A

45 degrees

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18
Q

What triggers alpha lock?

A

Activated by SFCCs when flap lever moved from position 1 to 0 and either:
Alpha above 8.5 degrees or
Speed below 148kts

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19
Q

How can you identify that you are in mechanical backup?

A

MAN PITCH TRIM ONLY in red on PFD

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20
Q

What is VLS?

A

Lowest selectable speed

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21
Q

What is VMO/MMO?

A

350kt/M0.82

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22
Q

Below alpha prot, what does sidestick command?

A

Alpha, instead of load factor

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23
Q

Do we keep protections and stabilities in direct law?

A

No, but overspeed and stall warnings still remain available

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24
Q

How can you tell you are in direct law?

A

USE MAN PITCH TRIM in amber on the PFD

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25
Q

Will AP disconnect in alternate law for high speed or bank?

A

Yes for both. Speed if above VMO/MMO, bank if above 45 degrees

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26
Q

What are the main protections in normal law?

A

Load factor
Pitch attitude
Bank angle
High speed
High AoA

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27
Q

What are the load factor limitations in normal law?

A

Clean -1g to +2.5g
Configured 0g to +2g

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28
Q

What does the low speed regime in normal law provide?

A

Low energy aural alert “SPEED”
Alpha floor protection

Neither of these are flight control protections

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29
Q

What replaces the low speed alpha indications?

A

VSW

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30
Q

What is the maximum bank angle for auto pitch trim and bank hold?

A

33 degrees

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31
Q

In alternate law, and if available, at what speed is low speed stability active?

A

5-10kt above VSW

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32
Q

What are the pitch attitude limitations in normal law?

A

Nose up 30 degrees (CONF 0-3) and 25 degrees CONF FULL. Progressively reduced by 5 degrees at low speeds.
Nose down 15 degrees in all cases

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33
Q

In direct law, what config is needed for landing and what speed adjustment if any?

A

CONF 3 and VREF + 10kt for landing unless otherwise specified

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34
Q

When moving flap lever from 0 to 1, what causes aircraft to go to config 1+F?

A

Speed less than or equal to 100kts

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35
Q

What is an easy way to identify if you are in alternate law?

A

Amber crosses

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36
Q

In high speed, when is nose down authority zero?

A

VMO +16
MMO +0.04

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37
Q

At what angle of bank do the FDs reappear after overbanking?

A

40 degrees

38
Q

If ECAM states F/CTL ALTN LAW (PROT LOST), are protections lost?

A

Load factor protection is retained. High and low speed stabilities may be retained, but ECAM doesnt tell us

39
Q

In alternate law, is high speed stability available?

A

It might be, depending on the situation

40
Q

When are overspeed protections active?

A

VMO +6
MMO +0.01

Max 40 degrees AOB

If sidestick released, bank angle returns to 0

41
Q

In flight mode, what does the sidestick command?

A

In pitch, load factor demand, and in roll a roll rate demand

42
Q

With stick neutral, what will speed decay until?

A

ValphaProt

43
Q

In alternate law, what does the sidestick command?

A

In pitch it is normal - Load factor demand with auto pitch trim
In roll, it is a direct relationship. Maximum is 30 degrees per second clean or 25 degrees per second with flaps

44
Q

Where on the speed tape is VSW?

A

Top of the barber pole

45
Q

At what attitude do FDs disappear in normal law? When are they recovered?

A

25 degrees up, 13 degrees down.

Recovered at 22 degrees up and 10 degrees down

46
Q

What is the high speed protection bank angle limit?

A

40 degrees

47
Q

What is the maximum bank angle?

A

67 degrees

48
Q

What is shown at the low speed end of the speed tape in alternate law?

A

The barbers pole and the amber hockey stick only

49
Q

How many flight control laws are there?

A
  1. Normal law
  2. Alternate law
  3. Direct law
  4. Mechanical Backup
  5. Abnormal attitude
50
Q

In alternate law, is alpha floor available?

A

No

51
Q

What causes mechanical backup?

A

Loss of multiple flight control computers or flight control surfaces, or total but temporary electrical loss

52
Q

In direct law, what does the sidestick command?

A

Pitch - direct
Roll - direct

53
Q

Will you get the overspeed master warning and aurul warning in alternate law? If so, when?

A

Yes. VMO +4kt (MMO + 0.006)

54
Q

If at ValphaMax and sidestick released, what will speed go to?

A

ValphaProt

55
Q

What happens when sidestick released at bank angle greater than 33 degrees?

A

Bank angle returns to 33 degrees

56
Q

What is the maximum speed in alternate law?

A

320kt/M0.77

57
Q

What is alpha lock?

A

Inhibits slat retraction if low speed or high angle of attack

58
Q

What does the top arrow represent? What law is this?

A

Top is VLS
Middle is ValphaProt
Bottom is ValphaMax

Normal Law

59
Q

What does the middle arrow represent? What law is this?

A

Top is VLS
Middle is ValphaProt
Bottom is ValphaMax

Normal Law

60
Q

What does the bottom arrow represent? What law is this?

A

Top is VLS
Middle is ValphaProt
Bottom is ValphaMax

Normal Law

61
Q

Where is Alpha Floor activated on this picture? What law is this?

A

In between the middle and bottom arrow, between ValphaProt and ValphaMax

Normal Law

62
Q

Where would speed settle with full aft sidestick deflection?

A

On the bottom arrow, ValphaMax

63
Q

What is the minimum speed with neutral sidestick deflection?

A

On the middle arrow, ValphaProt

64
Q

In normal law high AOA protection, what does sidestick command?

A

AOA demand

(Instead of load factor demand)

65
Q

What protections are available in normal law?

A

Load factor
Pitch attitude
High AOA
High speed
Bank angle

66
Q

When are load factor protections triggered in normal law?

A

+2.5G to -1G with slats retracted

+2G to 0G with slats extended

67
Q

When are pitch attitude protections triggered in normal law?

A

+30 nose up

-15 nose down

68
Q

What is the main difference between a protection and a stability?

A

Protections cannot be overridden, whereas stabilities can

69
Q

When high speed protection is activated, what happens to pitch trim?

A

It is frozen

70
Q

When high speed protection is activated, what happens to the bank angle limit?

A

Reduced from 67 degrees to 45 degrees

71
Q

What is positive spiral static stability? What angle of bank in normal law?

A

When sidestick is reduced at high bank, this is the bank angle the aircraft will return to. In normal law, it is 33 degrees

72
Q

What happens to positive spiral static stability when high speed protection is active?

A

It is reduced to zero, so when the sidestick is reduced, the angle of bank will gradually return to zero.

(In normal conditions, it would return to 33 degrees)

73
Q

In normal law, what happens if you keep the sidestick full forward and allow speed to increase?

A

at Vmo+16/Mmo+0.04 nose down authority slowly reduces to zero

An overspeed ECAM will trigger at Vmo+4/Mmo+0.006

74
Q

When is low energy SPEED SPEED SPEED warning available?

A

Config 2, 3 or full
Between 100ft and 2000ft

It happens immediately before alpha floor

75
Q

When is low energy SPEED SPEED SPEED warning inhibited?

A

TOGA thrust
Alpha floor or GPWS triggered
Alternate or direct law
Both RA failed

76
Q

In normal law, if the bank angle is 50 degrees, what happens if you release the sidestick?

A

It returns to 33 degrees

77
Q

What is the maximum bank angle in normal law with full sidestick?

A

67 degrees

78
Q

What is the maximum rate of roll in normal law?

A

15 degrees per second

79
Q

When does maximum bank angle reduce to 45 degrees in normal law?

A

When high speed protection, AOA protection or negative pitch protection are active

80
Q

What happens to the maximum bank angle when high speed protection, AOA protection or negative pitch protection are active in normal law?

A

It reduces from 67 degrees to 45 degrees

81
Q

What are the conditions for a blue beta target?

A

Conf 1, 1+F, 2, 3 or full
One lever > MCT (or greater than or equal to flex if flex takeoff)
At least one engine >80% N1
Engine thrust asymmetry >30% N1

82
Q

What is represented by the top arrow? What law is this?

A

Vls

Alternate or direct law

83
Q

What is represented by the bottom arrow? What law is this?

A

Vsw

Alternate or direct law

84
Q

Where on this picture would Alpha Floor activate?

A

It wouldn’t, because it is unavailable in alternate and direct law

85
Q

Whaty happens to protections in alternate law?

A

They become stabilities, except load factor protection which remains

86
Q

Is overspeed warning available in alternate law?

A

Yes

87
Q

Is the stall warning available in alternate law? How about direct law?

A

Yes to both

88
Q

What conditions would abnormal attitude law trigger in bank?

A

Greater than 125 degrees

89
Q

What conditions would abnormal attitude law trigger in pitch?

A

Greater than 50 degrees nose up

Less than 30 degrees nose down

90
Q

What conditions would abnormal attitude law trigger in airspeed?

A

Below 60-90kts

Above 440kts

91
Q

What conditions would abnormal attitude law trigger in Mach?

A

Greater than M0.91

92
Q

What conditions would abnormal attitude law trigger in AOA?

A

Above 30-40

Below -10

-x-A320 notes-x- (55 decks)

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