Wound Healing and Management of Chronic Wounds

Question 1

Platelets play are the chief effector cells during hemostasis

Answer 1

T

Question 2

Platelet release several growth factors and cytokines, such
as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth
factor-P (TGF-P)

Answer 2

T

Question 3

Microphage are also responsible
for releasing several proangiogenic and antiangiogenic growth factors that are critical for revascularization of wounds

Answer 3

F Platelets are also responsible
for releasing several proangiogenic and antiangiogenic growth factors that are critical for revascularization of wounds

Question 4

the inflammatory phase lasts 48 hours

Answer 4

T

Question 5

macrophage invasion is critical to
the inflammatory phase because macrophage-defective or macrophage-depleted animals undergo .abnormal wound healing.

Answer 5

T

Question 6

Macrophages are responsible
for releasing a whole host of mediators primarily through binding
to integrin receptors on the ECM

Answer 6

T

Question 7

tumor necrosis factor a
and interleukin-I (IL-1)4 secreted from the microphage

Answer 7

t

Question 8

Proliferation phase 48 hours to 10 days after tissue injury

Answer 8

T

Question 9

Epidermal growth factors, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-a), which are the main
members of the epidermal growth factor family involved in wound
healing

Answer 9

T

Question 10

Fibroblasts and macrophages
replace the fibrin mesh to form granulation tissue

Answer 10

T

Question 11

Remodeling start from2 weeks and can last for years

Answer 11

T

Question 12

type I collagen into mainly type III collagen by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)

Answer 12

F type III collagen into mainly type I collagen by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)

Question 13

Cutaneous scar tissue is composed of high ECM macromolecules compare to normal tissue

Answer 13

F Cutaneous scar tissue is composed of the same ECM macromolecules as normal tissue

Question 14

Increased
levels of TGF-Pl have been implicated in hypertrophic adult scars

Answer 14

T

Question 15

Fibroblasts are thought to generate cell traction
forces that are much greater than needed for cell migration

Answer 15

T

Question 16

cells without mechanical stress or stimuli
adopt a spherical shape and enter cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis

Answer 16

T

Question 17

Chronic wound any wound that last more than 1 month

Answer 17

F that persist for longer than 6 weeks.

Question 18

Percentage of venous & arterial ulcer

Answer 18

venous insufficiency constitute
70%, arterial disease 10%, and ulcers of mixed etiology 15% of leg
ulcer presentations

Question 19

fibrin is known to decrease collagen production

Answer 19

T

Question 20

Venous ulcer over bony prominences

Answer 20

F Arterail

Question 21

The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers in individuals with diabetes

Answer 21

15%

Question 22

Topical antimicrobials have promoted bacterial resistance

Answer 22

T

Question 23

NPWT with instillation and adjunctive sodium hypochlorite solution
was effective at reducing both planktonic and nonplanktonic (biofilm) microorganisms

Answer 23

T

Question 24

no significant difference
in the percentage of ulcers healed when compared with placebo or
platelet-poor plasma therapy

Answer 24

T

Question 25

What is Apligraf?

Answer 25

Bovine collagen matrix incorporated with human neonatal fibroblasts and neonatal keratinocytes to act as a scaffold as well as providing cells that produce growth factors and ECM components

Question 26

Dermagraft comprises a polyglactin scaffold with dermal neonatal fibroblasts.

Answer 26

T

Question 27

Epicel

Answer 27

cultured epithelial autografts using patients' own keratinocytes,

Question 28

what is Integra ?

Answer 28

Integra™ (Integra LifeSciences) is a bilayer matrix of bovine collagen and glycosaminoglycan derived from shark skin that is lyophilized to form a highly porous scaffold

Question 29

Allopatch

Answer 29

which is a decellularized scaffold derived from human cadaveric tissue, has demonstrated efficacy in closure of nonhealing diabetic foot ulcers

Question 30

Grafix

Answer 30

Is a cryopreserved placental membrane, have shown to significantly improve diabetic foot ulcer healing and reduce related complications

Question 31

fetal wound healing during the first two trimesters differs from the normal wound healing process

Answer 31

T Scarless healing

Question 32

After 48 hours the macrophage becomes the dominant cell type. In contrast to neutrophil, this is critical to wound healing because it orchestrates growth factors such as TGF-beta, which promotes collagen production

Answer 32

T

Question 33

During remodeling phase, net collagen production is static

Answer 33

T

Question 34

PDGF promotes fibroblast, endothelial cell, and smooth muscle proliferation rather than keratinocyte proliferation

Answer 34

T

Question 35

Hypertrophic scars have an equal sex ratio, are typically seen in younger age groups

Answer 35

T

Question 36

Keloid scars are only seen in humans

Answer 36

T

Question 37

east harmful for imaging of the limp vascular diseas is CTA

Answer 37

F Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)

Question 38

A normal anklebrachial pressure index is between 0.9 and 1.2 greater than 1.2 suggests calcification A value of less than 0.5 suggests critical arterial stenosis

Answer 38

T

Question 39

Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a condition where bone death occurs secondary to radiation and is most commonly seen in the mandible following treatment of head and neck cancers best trerated with HPO

Answer 39

T

Question 40

Apligraf

Answer 40

comprises a bilayer of bovine collagen and human foreskin-derived fibroblast matrix under human foreskin-derived keratinocytes use in diabetic foot and venous leg ulcers

Question 41

The hypoxic environment increases expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-la) protein to serve as the primary stimulus of angiogenesis

Answer 41

T

Question 42

Granulation tissue, also known as new stroma, consists of new connective tissue (specifically hyaluronic acid, procollagen, elastin, and proteoglycan) and blood vessels

Answer 42

T

Question 43

Fibroblasts are also injured and contribute to the late effects of radiation injury such as fibrosis and contraction

Answer 43

T

Question 44

Systemic antibiotics are beneficial in infected chronic wounds but are not indicated for most chronic wounds that are merely colonized with bacteria

Answer 44

T

Question 45

obesity is related to lower levels of lymphocyte proliferate, altered cytokine levels and peripheral immune function which improves upon weight loss

Answer 45

T