Laser in plastic

Question 1

laser therapy for hypertrophic burn and
trauma scars has led to significant improvements

Answer 1

T

Question 2

Photothermal events represent the majority ofmedical laser reactions
and result from an increase oflocal kinetic energy and the generation

Answer 2

T

Question 3

Photomechanical reactions result in structural degradation ofthe chromophore

Answer 3

T

Question 4

Photochemical reactions occur when
the excited state ofthe chromophore has markedly different physical
or chemical properties than the resting state.

Answer 4

T

Question 5

absorption spectrum
ofthe chromophore and its location within the skin. These two factors
will determine the wavelength of the laser medium

Answer 5

T

Question 6

the wavelength selected should minimize collateral injury that could
result in dyspigmentation

Answer 6

T

Question 7

The pulse width should not exceed the TRT

Answer 7

T

Question 8

Increasing the laser spot size allows for more rapid
treatment sessions and a decrease in the relative scatter of light.

Answer 8

T

Question 9

if the spot size is increased, the fluence will likely need to be increase

Answer 9

F if the spot size is increased, the fluence will likely need to be decreased to prevent excessive energy delivery

Question 10

rate in which pulses
are delivered, is also important to consider in order to avoid excessive
bulk heating.

Answer 10

T

Question 11

treatment of cutaneous vasculature by laser the affect of laser it will be in form of photochemical reaction

Answer 11

F PHTOTHERMAL

Question 12

Oxyhemoglobin displays an absorption band from 400 to 1200 nm

Answer 12

T

Question 13

Deoxyhemoglobin demonstrates an absorption peak that includes the 755 and 800 nm wavelengths.

Answer 13

T

Question 14

patients with higher FSTs, longer wavelength lasers
should be utilized

Answer 14

T

Question 15

When selecting a pulse width, titrate to the target
(blood vessel) and not the chromophore (hemoglobin)

Answer 15

T

Question 16

Fully ablative lasers targeting water as a chromophore

Answer 16

T

Question 17

Fully ablative lasers may also be used to nonselectively destroy vasculature in the treatment area.

Answer 17

T

Question 18

Without treatment, 65% of
PWSs become hypertrophic, often leading to bleeding, aesthetic
deformation, and psychological stress

Answer 18

T

Question 19

Port winr stiane in children need to treated with longer wavelength lasers

Answer 19

F In infants and
young children, PWSs are erythematous with increased oxyhemoglobin and respond well to shorter wavelength lasers

Question 20

PWSs in adult
patients are often more violaceous owing to deoxyhemoglobin and
demonstrate increased thickness necessitating use of the longer
wavelength lasers.

Answer 20

T

Question 21

Initiating treatment as early as possible is critical for minimizing laser light scatter due to dermal collagen and
acquired tanning melanin

Answer 21

T

Question 22

selective photothermolysis can be used for all type of haemangioma

Answer 22

F Superficail and ulcerated as
well as resolved hemangiomas with residual vasculature

Question 23

Endovenous laser ablation represents the gold standard in the management oflarger varicosities

Answer 23

t

Question 24

After successful endovenous laser ablation, spider
veins may be treated with sclerotherapy or vascular laser treatment

Answer 24

t

Question 25

In telangiectasias Optimal treatment includes longer pulse widths and the end point of durable purpura

Answer 25

T

Question 26

Shorter pulse widths and subpurpuric fluences have been shown to achieve ideal outcomes in generalized erythema.

Answer 26

T

Question 27

short millisecond pulse widths may be used with purpuric fluences can be use in treatment of angioma

Answer 27

T

Question 28

Treatment of warts using laser therapy has demonstrated equivocal outcomes to cryotherapy or electrodessication

Answer 28

T

Question 29

vascular lasers are capable of destroying wart vasculature.

Answer 29

T

Question 30

Purpuric settings should be used without epidermal cooling. in treatment of wart

Answer 30

T

Question 31

Selective photothermolysis significantly reduce postprocedural purpura

Answer 31

T

Question 32

risk ofscarring is much greater with the infrared lasers in PWS

Answer 32

T

Question 33

The absorption spectrum of melanin is inversely proportional to laser light wavelength

Answer 33

T

Question 34

In patient populations with increased physiologic melanin, longer wavelengths should be selected in order to. avoid dyspigmentation

Answer 34

T

Question 35

Fractional and fully ablative lasers targeting water as a chromophore may also be used to nonselectively destroy pigment

Answer 35

T

Question 36

Devices commonly used to target melanin in the long-pulsed, short-pulsed, and ultrashort-pulsed domains

Answer 36

T

Question 37

Epidermal melanine treated with photothermal reaction

Answer 37

F Once melanin absorbs laser light, the ensuing photoreaction may be photothermal or photomechanical depending upon the pulse width selected

Question 38

shorter wavelength lasers may demonstrate efficacy as the pigment resides in the epidermis in Cafe-au-lait Macules

Answer 38

T

Question 39

small, excision may represent a better treatment option for cafe-au-lait Macules

Answer 39

T

Question 40

Ephelidesalso demonstrateincreased mwlanocyte in the epidermis

Answer 40

F increased melanin in the epidermis

Question 41

In FST I to III patients, the long-pulsed alexandrite is the laser for hai removal

Answer 41

T

Question 42

In FST IV to VI patients, the long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser is preferred for the effective removal of hair while sparing melanin within the skin

Answer 42

T

Question 43

longer wavelengths are often utilized melanocytes are present in the dermis

Answer 43

T

Question 44

1064 nm Nd:YAG laser in the nanosecond domain was more efficacious and better tolerated than the nanosecond 755 nm alexandrite laser in dermal melnocyte

Answer 44

T

Question 45

Laser therapymay permenantly lighten melasma,

Answer 45

F Laser therapymay temporarily lighten melasma, butit is often recurrent and may be exacerbated by light therapy

Question 46

Sun avoidance and serial superficial chemical peels can often achieve patient satisfaction with less risk for rebound hyperpigmentation for Melasma

Answer 46

T

Question 47

Short-pulsed and ultrashort-pulsed lasers in the 700 to 1064 nm range have shown some efficacy in improving Drug-Induced Pigmentation

Answer 47

T

Question 48

Laser treatment of PIH is rarely pursued,

Answer 48

T

Question 49

Sun avoidance and topical bleaching agents can improve PIH significantly

Answer 49

T

Question 50

short-pulsed and ultrashort-pulsed lasers are the pulse widths ofchoice for remova Tattoo Pigment

Answer 50

T

Question 51

photothermal and photomechanical reactions cause the tattoo particles to be broken down

Answer 51

T

Question 52

In the case ofmulticolor tattoos, treatment should be performed with the most superficial (shortest) wavelength first

Answer 52

T

Question 53

Patients with higher FSTs should be treated with caution, as shorter wavelengths of light are highly absorbed by melanin.

Answer 53

T

Question 54

growing number oflaser surgeons advocate for treating over the tattoo with ablative fractional laser (AFL) to allow the release of cutaneous edema and to provide a potential path for the extravasation oftattoo remnants

Answer 54

T

Question 55

Treatment intervals should be at least 3 weeks in length to allow for mobilization oftattoo pigment

Answer 55

F 6

Question 56

15 treatments with short-pulsed (nanosecond) lasers result in only 75% of patients experiencing successful tattoo removal.

Answer 56

T

Question 57

The newer ultrashort-pulsed (picosecond) lasers have anecdotally cleared tattoos faster and with fewer treatments

Answer 57

T

Question 58

AB laserlight wavelength increases, absorption ofelectromagneticradiation by hemoglobinandmelanindiminish while theabsorptionby water increases

Answer 58

T

Question 59

Depending upon the wavelength of light, the ensuing tissue interaction may be thermal (nonablative) or ablative

Answer 59

T

Question 60

The continuous wave CO2 laser was the first to ablate successive layers of tissue in order to treat rhytidosis, dyschromia, and rhinophyma and to remove focal skin growths

Answer 60

T

Question 61

pulse widths less than the TRT can avoid the complicatoin of ablative laser

Answer 61

T

Question 62

Laser of fully ablative resurfacing co2 laser and Er:YAG

Answer 62

T

Question 63

thermal injury from the CO 2 laser results in greater long-term skin contraction and fibroplasia

Answer 63

T

Question 64

The increased depth of penetration afforded by fractional photothermolysis hasdemonstrated unique benefit when treating hypertrophic and keloid scars.

Answer 64

T

Question 65

Ablative fractional laser (AFL) was found to be beneficial in the treatment of burn and trauma scars

Answer 65

T

Question 66

laryngeal papillomatosis caused by aerosolized viral particles in laser-generated smoke

Answer 66

T