Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Plastic Surgery( Grabb)Ali jasim > Otoplasty > Flashcards

Otoplasty Flashcards

1
Q

Most otoplasty procedures are best performed e:3 years old
when most ear growth is completed

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Simple otoplasty techniques are considered before more
complicated reconstructive procedures.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

About 50% of newborns have an auricular deformity that persists
in 33% by 1 month old

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

50% of deformities continue to
improve over the first year of life

A

F 84% of deformities continue to
improve over the first year of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

prominent ears, decrease from birth to 1 year old,

A

The exception is prominent ears, which increase from birth to 1 year old, suggesting that postnatal deformation can contribute to this condition (e.g., infant sleep position may push the ear outward)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Half of children have a bilateral
deformity,

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when the deformity is unilateral, the right and left sides
are affected equally. no difference in the prevalence or type of ear
deformity exists among males and females.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The most common type of ear anomaly

A

A helical anomaly/constricted ear is the most common disorder at birth (15%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Risk factor for ear anomaly

A

Vaginal delivery and increased birth weight increase the risk of ear anomalies, likely due to forces on the ear causing deformations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The primary morbidity ofan ear deformity is psychosocial

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

THE IS ZERO TOLERANCE FOR EAR ASYMMETERY

A

F The ears are particularly tolerant of asymmetry because of their
lateral position over the temporal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

it is most important to have
the ears as symmetrical as possible on frontal view.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

It is important that families understand that asymmetries between the ears are common in the general
population

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The height of the ear is 6.5 (±1) cm

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

width is 4.0 (±0.5 cm).

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

greater than 18 mm at the top of the helix and 21 mm at the midhelix.

A

Considred abnormal protrusion from the mastoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

some anomalies improve during the first week
of life

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

molding can be initiated from birth

A

molding should not be initiated until at least 1 week old to
allow for possible spontaneous correction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ideally, molding is
started between 1 and 3 weeks old when maternal estrogens in the
child facilitate cartilage manipulation.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Patient can still have good respopnce from molding after 3 month

A

At 6 weeks old, estrogens in the child equal
that of an adult and ifear molding is initiated after this time, patients
are likely to have a poor response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

If the mother is breast-feeding,
initiation of ear molding can be attempted up to 8 to 10 weeks old

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

After 12 weeks old, ear molding give acceptable results

A

F After 12 weeks old, ear molding is not effective.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The ear deformity
that is most amenable to molding is a prominent ear.

A

T The antihelical
fold is recreated to set back the ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

A mildly constricted ear with
overhanging helical cartilage can be improved by lifting the helical
cartilage into better alignment

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

A Stahl deformity can be corrected by
flattening the abnormal crus.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

many parents decide to correct an ear
anomaly when the child is between 3 and 4 years old why?

A

Because long-term memory and self-esteem begin to form at
approximately 4 year old
At this time, the ear has achieved 85% of its size and the risk of scar limits ear growth is reduced the ear is larger to facilitate the procedure and (2) it is not urgent to intervene before this time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Most ear growth is completed by 6 years old

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

data have shown that operating on ears before 3 years old
does not inhibit growth

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

I prefer to wait until at least 3 years old
because (1) the ear is larger to facilitate the procedure and (2) it is not
urgent to intervene before this time because memory and self-esteem
have not yet formed

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

An advantage of early intervention

A

is that children tolerate the procedure more favorably than older patients who are more anxious about the operation and are busier with activities
such as sports and school

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Children
between 5 and 8 years old typically are bothered by a deformity,
but fear of the operation outweighs their desire to improve their
appearance

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

At 9 to l0 years old, the child’s interest in correcting
the anomaly begins to outweigh the anxiety about the operation.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Approximately 5% of the population has a prominent ear caused
by an absent or weak antihelical fold and/or overgrown concha

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Most patients patient will have
a normal antihelix and only require a procedure on the concha.

A

F Most patients will require recreation of the antihelical fold and setback of the concha. Rarely, a patient will have
a normal antihelix and only require a procedure on the concha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

all patients will need to have
the upper and/or middle third of the ear setback

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

All of the patients
in my practice will benefit from having their lobule setpack as
well.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Three-fourths of patients in my experience undergo bilateral
setback otoplasty, whereas one-fourth of individuals have prominence of only one ear.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

There is no need for antibiotics in otoplasty

A

F one dose of
intraoperative antibiotics because I am placing permanent foreign
bodies (merseline sutures) and exposing cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

No need to excise skin in otoplasty

A

F skin excision necessary because it facilitates the procedure
by enhancing exposure, and once the ear is set back, there is sufficient
skin to reapproximate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

recreation of the antihelical fold by wich technique

A

(1) placement of scapha-concha sutures (Mustarde technique),
(2) cartilage scoring (Stenstrom technique)

41
Q

I prefer scapha-concha
sutures because it gives greater control and more predictability compared to scoring the cartilage

A

T

42
Q

scoring the cartilage can
cause damage to the cartilage and contour abnormalities

A

T

43
Q

scoring may be considered as an adjunct to
weaken the cartilage to facilitate its bending during the placement of
sutures.

A

T

44
Q

On front view, the antihelix should have
a gentle curve and the helix should be visible behind the antihelix

A

T

45
Q

measure the distance from the most superior point of the helix to the
mastoid and achieve a distance of 15 mm (±3 mm). after correction

A

T

46
Q

If superior third remains prominent despite scapha-concha sutures

A

In this situation, one or two sutures can be placed from the scapha to the
temporal fascia or conchal cartilage
Alternatively, scapha and helical cartilage can be excised

47
Q

Middle Third correction

A

Options to set back the middle third of the ear include excision of
concha or concha-mastoid sutures (Furnas technique)

48
Q

cartilage excision is not preferred because it distorts the concha

A

F cartilage excision preferred because it reduces the risk of recurrence and
weakens the area to facilitate the antihelix contour provided by the
scapha-concha sutures.

49
Q

suturing the hard cartilage to the weak mastoid fascia/periosteum has an increased risk of recurrence of prominence because of suture dehiscence and/or stretching of tissue

A

T

50
Q

An approximately2.0 to 2.5 cm long piece ofsuperior conchal cartilage is removed just below the scapha-concha sutures

A

T

51
Q

the width ofthe area can be2 to 7 mm

A

T

52
Q

If more than a 15 mm width of cartilage is removed, then it is
possible that the excess skin anteriorly might be bothersome to the
patient and require excision

A

F If more than a 7 mm width of cartilage is removed,

53
Q

Care must be taken to not overcorrect
the middle third of the ear to prevent a telephone deformity

A

T

54
Q

Lobule prominence is present in approximately one-fourth of
patients and is often not appreciated preoperatively.

A

T

55
Q

If the lobule remains prominent after setting back the superior and middle third of the ear What you will do?

A

first place a aMersilene suture through the area of the tail of
the helix to the base of the conchal bowl.
Another option is to extend the conchal cartilage excision inferiorly.
A posterior lobule skin excision also can be performed.
Finally, a suture can be placed from the posterior lobule to the conchal cartilage

56
Q

The goal is to prevent
the appearance of a hockey stick appearance of the ear.

A

T

57
Q

the superior distance of the helix to the mastoid must be 15 (±3 mm) and
the middle distance 18 (±3 mm).

A

T

58
Q

These measurements should have
a difference of <2 mm between the ears to ensure adequate symmetry.

A

T

59
Q

Patients then are instructed
to wear a soft headband at night for 1 weeks postoperatively

A

F Patients then are instructed
to wear a soft head band at night for 6 weeks postoperatively

60
Q

Six weeks postoperatively scar tissue is strong enough to maintain the shape of the ear.

A

T

61
Q

spectrum of constricted (e.g., lop, cup) ear

A

(1) lidding of the helix, (2) prominence, and/or (3) reduced size from
deficient structures.

62
Q

Minor deformities of the helix in cryptocia can be
improved with simple excisions

A

T

63
Q

Moderately constricted
ears that contain a sufficient amount of structures may be improved
using techniques employed for prominent ear deformities

A

T

64
Q

the primary morbidity of a constricted ear is that
it is small.

A

F the primary morbidity of a constricted ear is that
it is prominent.

65
Q

If the ear is set back by strengthening the antihelical
fold and placing sutures from the cartilage to the mastoid and temporal fascia to lengthen the vertical dimension of ear, the appearance of
the child can be significantly improved

A

T

66
Q

Severely constricted ears that approximate conchal-type microtia require partial or total auricular construction using cartilage grafts

A

T

67
Q

Patients with cryptotia have a superior helix that is attached to the
postauricular skin without a sulcus

A

T

68
Q

tissue expansion can be used in cryptosia

A

T

69
Q

STAHL DEFORMITY cause psychosocial morbidity

A

Usually,
the anomaly is minor and does not cause psychosocial morbidity

70
Q

Operative intervention may be indicated to treat a severe deformity

A

T

71
Q

Patients with Stahls ear always have prominent ear

A

Occasionally, patients may
have a prominent ear deformity as well requiring setback otoplasty
techniques.

72
Q

Accessory cartilage in the preauricular area is the most common ear
anomaly.

A

T

73
Q

Indication of Accessory cartilage removal under GA

A

If an infant has a large lesion with a wide cartilage base that cannot be
easily excised and closed
Patients who present after 12 months old as well are managed
in the operating room because it is difficult to restrain the child in
the clinic.

74
Q

The scar of split ear lope can be re-pierced 3 months later when it has achieved its maximal strength.

A

T

75
Q

The advantages ofrepiercing along the scar

A

that the scar is camouflaged and if the earring pulls through again,
a second scar is not formed.

76
Q

The disadvantage of piercing the scar

A

is thatit is not as strong as the adjacent lobule and thus has a higher risk
of pulling through again

77
Q

The ear lobe has a greater risk of forming keloid scars from piercings, compared to other parts of the ear

A

T

78
Q

Small lesions
can be treated with pressure only.

A

T

79
Q

The pressure device is worn at night when sleeping

A

T

80
Q

A pressure earring is a good first-line intervention for minor keloids in young children who are less tolerant of undergoing a corticosteroid injection
in the clinic

A

T

81
Q

without close follow-up and the use of
postoperative compression and corticosteroid injections, the keloid
will return and can be worse

A

T

82
Q

After rcsccting the keloid, the patient
wears a pressure earring beginning 2 weeks following the procedure at night

A

T

83
Q

Four weeks postoperatively, the patient returns for
monthly evaluations and possible corticosteroid injections. After
6 months, the patient follows up as needed

A

T

84
Q

he lobule can be constructed using staged skin flaps
from the adjacent neck, or by placing a conchal cartilage graft

A

T

85
Q

using cartilage gives the most favorable outcome

A

T

86
Q

Rarely, a skin abrasion or full-thickness wound can occur with ear
molding;

A

T

87
Q

The most common aesthetic ear surgery complication

A

most common problem is an unfavorable “cosmetic” outcome

88
Q

Infection, hematoma, extrusion of sutures, or wound dehiscence
is uncommon

A

T

89
Q

the primary goal is to improve their appearance on frontal
view

A

T

90
Q

the simplest technique often is preferred.

A

T

91
Q

Ear molding may correct all anomalies during the neonatal period.

A

F Ear molding may correct some anomalies during the neonatal period.

92
Q

Ear
abnormalities can be broadly separated into malformations (absence
of part of the ear) or deformations (fully developed ear but misshapen).

A

T

93
Q

1be axis of
the ear is angled approximately 20° more posterior than a vertical
line.

A

T

94
Q

The top of the helix is at the level of the eyebrow and the lobule
is at the base of the columella

A

T

95
Q

The ear deformity
that is most amenable to molding

A

a prominent ear. The antihelical fold is recreated to set back the ear

mildly constricted ear with overhanging helical cartilage can be improved by lifting the helical cartilage into better alignment

A Stahl deformity can be corrected by flattening the abnormal crus.

96
Q

Timing of intervention falls into three categories: infancy, 3 to 4 years old, and late
childhood or adolescence

A

T

97
Q

Simple excisions of excess structures
can be performed during infancy with local anesthesia as early as 4 to
6 weeks old.

A

T

98
Q

Occasionally, the helical cartilage may be significantly
deformed and require scoring, sutures, and/or grafts to improve its
shape in cryptia

A

T

99
Q

Rarely, a patient can have an absent lobule on the spectrum of microtia

A

T

Plastic Surgery( Grabb)Ali jasim (92 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions