Principle of flap

Question 1

types II and IV, particularly)
are known to have the least reliable skin paddles, most particularly
distally

Answer 1

T

Question 2

Sartorius, upper arm are type C faciocutanous flap

Answer 2

F type A

Question 3

the propeller flap is an island
flap that reaches the recipient site through an axial rotation

Answer 3

T

Question 4

The perforator location in the propeller flap closest to the defect is preferred for a wider angle of
rotation to minimize tension on the pedicle

Answer 4

T

Question 5

Skeletonizing the pedicle in the propeller flap toward the flap can increase pedicle length

Answer 5

T

Question 6

Design the skin paddle larger than the defectfor tension-free closure,
even with postoperative edema

Answer 6

T

Question 7

is designed as
two opposing V-Y flaps oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis
of the defect,in key stone flap

Answer 7

T

Question 8

Lateral Arm Flap may be harvested as a chimeric flap with bone

Answer 8

T

Question 9

Lateral Arm Flap drawback

Answer 9

inconsistent perforator anatomy, short pedicle length, small vessel caliber, and challenging dissection

Question 10

The deltoid insertion may also be divided to increase pedicle length in lateral arm flap

Answer 10

T

Question 11

The Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve must be divided but can
be used to create a sensate flap

Answer 11

F The posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve must be divided but can
be used to create a sensateflap

Question 12

popularity of radial forarm flap arises from

Answer 12

the ease of dissection; robust, reliable vascularity; malleability;
and ability to support associated tissues such as bone, tendon, and
nerve

Question 13

the most cause of failure of radial forearm flap is venous congestion

Answer 13

F the versatility arises from the multiple venous drainage options,
including the superficial system based on the larger cephalic vein
and/or the deep system based on the paired venae comitantes of the
radial artery

Question 14

radial forearm flap can also be used for functional purposes

Answer 14

T

Question 15

radial artery that runs between
the brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis in the distal forearm

Answer 15

T

Question 16

Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve, palmaris longus tendon,
and superficial veins may be incorporated in the harvest and followed
along their courses prior to transection in radial forearm flap

Answer 16

T

Question 17

Sensation can’t preserved with rectus muscle flap

Answer 17

F Sensation can be restored with harvest of branches of thoracolumbar spinal nerves

Question 18

When a muscle flap is used in rectus muscle flap , the
borders of the rectus muscle are identified rather than perforators

Answer 18

T

Question 19

With perforator flaps, the anterior rectus fascia can often be closed
primarily.

Answer 19

T

Question 20

harvest of a horizontal unilateral skin island may distort the midline

Answer 20

F harvest of a vertical unilateral skin island may distort the midline

Question 21

Latissimus Dorsi flap cannot include bone with it

Answer 21

F including bone based on the angular branch to the tip of
the scapula.

Question 22

Shoulder function may be impaired with LD flap

Answer 22

T

Question 23

In the case of thoracodorsal
the pedicle is compromised by previous axillary dissection we canot harvest the L D flap

Answer 23

F thisflap can still
be used by relying on bloodflow through the serratus branch

Question 24

When used in breast reconstruction, it always requires volume supplementation with an implant

Answer 24

F When used in breast reconstruction, it often requires volume supplementation with an implant

Question 25

The superior gluteal
artery perforator flap harvest is considered technically difficult

Answer 25

T

Question 26

The gracilis is expected to
run 2 to 3 cm posterior to the palpable adductor longus

Answer 26

T

Question 27

If gracilis muscle only is used,
a vertical incision may be used to identify the muscle posterior to
the adductor tendon.

Answer 27

T

Question 28

Which vien at risk in gracillis flap harvesting

Answer 28

Avoid damaging the greater saphenous vein

Question 29

A common flap with many
indications and usually minimal impact on donor site function is the
anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap

Answer 29

T

Question 30

HOW you can locate the perforator of ALT flap

Answer 30

a line can be drawn from the ASIS to the
superolateral border of the patella Another line from the midpoint of this line to the midpoint of the distance from ASIS to pubic
symphysis will approximate the source vessels’ course (descending
branch of lateral circumflex femoral)

Question 31

In case of absent perforator of the ALT flap hoe we can finishe the surgery

Answer 31

the same initial incision can become
the posterior border of a newly designed skin island based on perforators through rectusfemoris

Question 32

ALT flap can be sensate flap ?

Answer 32

the posterior
femoral cutaneous nerve of the thigh can be harvested to provide
a sensateflap

Question 33

turnover flap PIC MAJOR flap requires anterior and posterior undermining, as well as superior,
inferior, and complete lateral release of the muscle borders

Answer 33

T

Question 34

PIC Major cam be used for mandibular reconstractrion

Answer 34

Include a portion of the fifth rib or avascular bone graft for mandibular reconstruction