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AAA - Board by day > Wong answers > Flashcards

Wong answers Flashcards

1
Q

findings in Reye’s syndrome

A
  • microvesicular steatosis
  • no necrosis or inflammation
  • swelling with decreased mitochondria
  • encephalopahty
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2
Q

type of receptor for calcium sensing

A

G protein

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3
Q

spread of candida

A
  • low neutrophils in blood

- low T cells on surface

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4
Q

amyloid precursor protein

A

increased in Alzheimers

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5
Q

transthyretin

A

prealbumin, increased in amyloidosis

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6
Q

RNA pol I

A

makes rRNA in nucleolus

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7
Q

ethosuximide blocks calcium channels in the…

A

thalamus

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8
Q

concentration of PAH and creatinine is lowest in….

A

Bowmans space

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9
Q

B6 cofactor enzyme in heme synthesis

A

ALAS

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10
Q

diagnosis of trichomonas

A
  • salt prep

- vaginosis is KOH or whiff test

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11
Q

pH in vaginal infections

A

high in trichomonas/vaginosis

normal in candida

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12
Q

electrolytes in opioids

A

potassium efflux and reduced calcium influx

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13
Q

JG cell type

A

modified smooth muscle cell, produce renin

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14
Q

causes of secondary pneumonia

A
  • s pneumoniae
  • h flu
  • s aureus (seen in young healthy patients)
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15
Q

hydrocephalus, chorioretinitis and intracranial calcifications

A

toxoplasmosis

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16
Q

treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

CCB - nimodipine

- prevents vasospasm

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17
Q

when are VSDs audible

A

a couple days after birth, as pulmonary resistance decreases

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18
Q

dissociative identity

A

multiple personality disorder

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19
Q

treatment for essential tremor

A

propranolol

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20
Q

budding yeast forming germ tubes

A

candida

21
Q

west nile vs enterovirus meningitis

A

west nile has flaccid paralysis

22
Q

increase in PPRP

A

in Lesch-Nyhan because there is no salvage pathway so nucleotides need to be synthesized de novo

23
Q

gallstones in Chrons disease

A

bile salt wasting because they are not reabsorbed

24
Q

ballooning and vacuolar degeneration of kideny

A

acute tubular necrosis

25
Q

oxalate crystals in poisoning

A

in ethylene glycol poisoning

26
Q

status epilepticus treatment

A

benzos

27
Q

most common cause of spontaneous lobar hemorrhages

A

amyloid angiopathy

28
Q

proteasome inhibitors

A
  • for treatment of MM

- leads to apoptosis

29
Q

increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma

A

fibrotic gall bladder disease (primary sclerosing cholangitis, liver fluke)

30
Q

how beta blockers block thyroid hormone

A

block the conversion of T4 to T3

31
Q

antibodies in polymyositis

A

anti tRNA synthetase

32
Q

SSRI that sounds like a benzo

A

citalopram

33
Q

acid fast at high temps

A

MAC

34
Q

prevention of MAC

A

azithromycin

35
Q

most common septic shock in sick cells

A

strep pneumoniae

36
Q

cell counts in SLE

A

can be low due to autoanitbodies

37
Q

how PPIs increase risk of osteoporosis

A

decreased calcium absorption

38
Q

HIV dementia

A

inflammatory process with microglial cells

39
Q

selection bias

A

must know outcome and exposure

40
Q

bilateral vs unilateral bladder obstruction in neonates

A
  • unilateral = ureteropelvic junction recanalization

- bilateral = vesicoureteral junction (only in boys)

41
Q

secondary features of systemic mastocytosis

A

gastric secretion because of the increase in histamine

42
Q

virus that gets membrane from nucleus

A

CMV

43
Q

isolated systolic hypertension is caused by….

A

aortic stiffening related to age

44
Q

electrolyte disturbance in cystic fibrosis

A

hyponatremia due to salt wasting in sweat

45
Q

subacute thyroiditis

A

has pain!

46
Q

in lung transplant, recurrence of pulmonary hypertension vs chronic rejection

A

chronic rejection = obstructive

recurrence = restrictive

47
Q

neurotransmitter in huntingtons

A

GABA

48
Q

calcipotriene

A

activate vitamin D receptor and inhibits keratinocyte proliferation
- for treatment of psoriasis

49
Q

NRTIs and kinases

A

most need to be converted to monophosphate forms

AAA - Board by day (28 decks)

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