4/1 Flashcards
collagen modifications occur in the…..
rough ER
location of osteomyelitis in children
metaphysis
glomerular problem with HIV
focal segmental glomerular
glomerular problem with hep B
membranoproliferative glomerularnephritis
glomerular problem with phospholipase A2
membranous glomerular nephropathy
nerve near inferior thyroid artery
recurrent laryngeal
d-xylose test
monosaccharide that can be readily taken up - test used to check for functional GI mucosa vs pancreatic dysfunction
spine most affected in RA
cervical spine (can cause subluxation)
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
- caused by rare measles infection
- absent matrix protein leads to accumulation of micro capsids in neurons and oligodendrocytes
partial seizures start in…
medial temporal lobe
akathisia
restlessness and intense urge to move
athetosis
slow, snake like writhing in fingers (basal ganglia)
essential tremor
worse with movement
hemiballismus
contralateral subthalamic nucleus
intention tremor
cerebellar dysfunction
resting tremor
parkinson’s, relieved by movement
MPTP
component in illegal drugs, can cause parkinsons
Lewy body dementia
dementia and visual hallucinations
increase IgG and myelin basic protein
MS
miosis vs mydriasis
miosis = constriction mydriasis = dilation
superior oblique
abducts and depresses
CN III fibers
motor = central (affected by vascular disease) parasympathetic = peripheral (affected by compression)
transferance
projecting feelings about someone onto doctor
counter transferance
doctor projecting feelings about someone onto patient
displacement
redirection of emotions or impulses to a neutral person or object
dissociation
patient losses memory of traumatic event
fixation vs regression
- staying at a level vs going back
- regression is involuntary, fixation is temporary
identification
associating someone with only a group
projection
attributing unacceptable internal impulse to an external source
reaction formation
acting the opposite of feelings
repression vs suppression
depends on intention
splitting
something is all good or all bad
sublimation vs reaction formation
reaction = emphasis on opposite sublimation = replacing unacceptable wish to similar but non-conflict action
ADHD
- in multiple settings
- onset before 12
- normal intelligence
autism
- poor social interactions
- repetitive behaviors
- restricted interests
Rett
- X linked dominant
- MECP2
- hand wringing
- intellectual regression
conduct disorder
- violating social norms
- before 18
- becomes antisocial personality disorder in adulthood
oppositional defiant
- like conduct without violation of societal norms
dissociative vs depersonalization/derealization disorder
- dissociative = multiple personalities
- deperson = detachment or estrangement from body
EEG in delirium
duffuse and slowing (normal in dementia
treatment for delirium
haloperidol
types of hallucinations and associations
visual = medical illness auditory = psych illness olfactory = temporal lobe epilepsy gustatory = epilepsy tactile = alcohol withdrawal and stimulants
schizoaffective disorder
schizophrenia + major mood disorder (greater than 2 weeks of hallucinations without mood symptoms)
delusional disorder
longer than 1 month, functioning, fixed persistent belief
time of manic episode
at least one week
bipolar 1 vs 2
1 = mania 2 = hypomania
cyclothymic disorder
bipolar for 2 years
major depressive
at least 2 weeks
persistent depressive disorder
at least 2 years
REM sleep and depression
- lower REM latency
- REM earlier
- increase in total REM
adjustent disorder
3-6 months
acute stress
3 days to 1 month
PTSD
greater than 1 month
schizoid vs schizotypal
- oid = voluntary withdrawal, content with social isolation
- typal = magical thinking, eccentric appearance
antisocial personality
like conduct disorder
borderline
- unstable mood, impulsive, self mutilation, sense of emptyness
histrionic
flamboyant, excitability, attention seeking, provocative, concerned with appearance
avoidant
like schizoid but not voluntary
somatic symptom
chronic complaints lasting months to years
somatic symptoms vs illness anxiety
somatic symptom has symptom complaints
cyproheptadine
5-HT antagonist, treatment for serotonin syndrome
maternal diabetes (heart and lungs)
- transposition of great vessels
- low surfactant due to high insulin
unique metastasis of lung
adrenal
hairy vs oral leukoplakia
oral = squamous cell dysplasia, precancerous hairy = EBV in immunocompromised, not precancerous
unconjugated bilirubin can deposit in what part of brain
basal ganglia
