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GI > Wk4 Lower GI micro > Flashcards

Wk4 Lower GI micro Flashcards

1
Q

Normal flora associated with breast feeding:

A

bifidobacteria

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2
Q

Toxin type responsible for food poisoning:

A

eXOtoxin

**secreted by bacteria

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3
Q

Gram +

Cocci

Catalase +

Coag +

A

S. aureus

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4
Q

Onset of sx for S. aureus food poisoning:

A

1-7 hours after ingestion

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5
Q

One of the most resistant non-spore forming human pathogens:

A

S. aureus

15-45 degrees C

NaCl up to 15%

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6
Q

Abx for S. aureus food px?

A

nope

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7
Q

Box-car shaped?

A

Bacillus cereus

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8
Q

B. cereus VF that can be transmitted via medical devices:

A

biofilms

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9
Q

Gram +

Large bacilli

endospore forming

Facultative anaerobe

mostly motile

Beta hemolytic

A

B. cereus

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10
Q

B. cereus

? hemolytic

A

beta

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11
Q

Commonly found in soil and foods that grow close to ground:

A

B. cereus

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12
Q

rice

A

B. cereus

**spores can survive rice cooking process

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13
Q

Resembles vomiting like S. aureus

onset 1-6 hours

A

B. cereus

Emetic form

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14
Q

Similar to C. perfringens infx

watery diarrhea

6-15 hours incubation

A

B. cereus

Diarrheal

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15
Q

Cereulide

A

B. cereus toxin for EMETIC form

pre-formed

pore forming

pH stable

heat and protease resistant

self limiting

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16
Q

B. cereus toxin for Diarrheal form:

A

large molecular weight enterotoxin causes intestinal fluid secretion

not likely pre-formed

small intestine

need lots of bacteria

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17
Q

Gram +

Bacilli

spore-forming

Obligate anaerobe

Motile

A

Clostridium botulinum

**perfringens is NON-motile

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18
Q

Neurotoxin from canned food

A

Clostridium botulinum

live in canned food because they are obligate anaerobes

botulinum toxin

pre-formed, acts as soon as hits GI –> blood

anticholinergic –> muscle weakness/paralysis

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19
Q

Difference in infant botulism:

A

Longer incubation period

spores have to produce toxin forming bacteria

spores in honey or similar

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20
Q

Big 3 food borne bacteria in USA:

A
  1. Campylobacter jejuni
    - intestinal cell invasion
  2. Salmonella enterica
    - intestinal cell invasion
  3. C. perfringens
    - enterotoxin
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21
Q

Mech of disease for C. perfringens in GI:

A

enterotoxins generate pores in host mucosa

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22
Q

C. perfringens

motile?

A

nope

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23
Q

C. perfringens

Fever?

Vomiting?

A

no

no

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24
Q

Cafeteria food

large quantities kept warm for long time

NON-motile

A

C. perfringens

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25
Q

Gram -

Spirilli

microaerophilic

motile

cold sensitive

A

Campylobacter jejuni

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26
Q

Chicken (poultry)

A

C. jejuni

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27
Q

Karmali agar

charcoal based

A

C. jejuni

**sometimes killed before culture

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28
Q

“comma, or S-shaped”

Diarrhea, cramping, fever

2-5 days incubation

diarrhea can be BLOODY – inflammatory response

A

C. jejuni

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29
Q

Guillain Barre

A

C. jejuni

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30
Q

Salmonella species that cause gastroenteritis:

A

S. enteritidis

S. typhimurium

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31
Q

Salmonella sp. that causes typhoid fever:

A

S. paratyphi A

S. typhi

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32
Q

Gram -

Bacilli

NON spore forming

H2S positive, lactose NEGATIVE

motile, flaggelated

A

Salmonella

“Salmonella has flagella”

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33
Q

Shigella agar

Ferric citrate –> H2S (black appearance)

A

Salmonella enterica

34
Q

reactive arthritis

A

Salmonella enterica

35
Q

Turtles (pets)

A

Salmonella

36
Q

Salmonella mech of disease?

A

host cell invasion

37
Q

Gram -

(curved rod)

facultative anaerobe

Flagellated, motile

Oxidase +

A

Vibrio spp.

38
Q

Kovacs oxidase reagent

A

Vibrio

39
Q

mild, bloody diarrhea

sx last less than a week

G -

curved rod

A

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

40
Q

raw seafood

A

V. parahaemolyticus

41
Q

hemolysins TDH or TRH

A

V. parahaemolyticus

42
Q

leading cause of death from food borne illness:

A

Listeria monocytogenes

43
Q

Gram +

Bacillus

Non-fastidious

Flagellated, motile

NON-sporeforming

oxidase -

A

Listeria monocytogenes

44
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

? hemolytic

A

Beta

45
Q

fever and chills in pregnant women

A

Listeria monocytogenes

46
Q

stiff neck

A

Listeria monocytogenes

47
Q

Meningitis in vulnerable populations

A

Listeria monocytogenes

48
Q

Place to ID Listeria?

A

blood/CSF – normally sterile fluids

**not stool

49
Q

Listeria moncytogenes mech of disease:

A

Invasive

**immune cells can “Trojan Horse” to other organs (LIVER)

50
Q

Uncooked foods: deli meat, dairy

A

Listeria maybe

51
Q

most common Shigella GI illness

A

Shigella sonnei

52
Q

bacillary dysentery

A

Shigella flexnori

53
Q

severe dysentery

A

Shigella dysenteriae

**invasive AND produces toxin

54
Q

Frequent, small bowel movements with blood and MUCUS, accompanied by rectal pain and tenesmus:

A

dysentery

**different than bad diarrhea

55
Q

Difference between Shigella and E. coli

A

Shigella is lactose NEGATIVE

Shigella have no flagella

56
Q

Gram -

Bacillus

Facultative anaerobe

NONmotile

non spore forming

lactose negative, H2S negative

A

Shigella

57
Q

actin rockets

A

Shigella

58
Q

hemolytic uremic syndrome

A

Shigella

or

STEC E. coli

59
Q

Shigella

reactive arthritis

A

S. flexnori

60
Q

Toxin that acts on vascular endothelial cells:

A

Shiga(vero)toxin aka AB5

-Phage borne toxin

61
Q

Receptor for AB5 (shigatoxin)

A

Gb3

62
Q

Gram -

Bacillus

Facultative anaerobe

motile

non spore forming

lactose POSITIVE

A

E. coli

63
Q

Strain of E. coli that produces Shiga toxin:

A

STEC

aka

VTEC

aka

EHEC

64
Q

E. coli

traveller’s diarrhea

A

ETEC

65
Q

Main difference between E. coli strains ETEC and STEC:

A

degree of attachment

STEC gets intimate to deliver shiga toxin

ETEC delivers LT or ST toxin from the edge of cells

66
Q

E. coli

profuse watery diarrhea –> bloody

A

STEC

67
Q

Incubation for ETEC:

A

1-3 days

68
Q

Incubation for STEC:

A

3-8 days

69
Q

hemorrhagic colitis

hemolytic uremic syndrome

A

STEC

70
Q

cows

beef

A

E. coli

71
Q

stxA stxB ???

A

genes for STEC AB5 toxin

come form bacteriophage

72
Q

Pssoble prob with abx for E. coli?

A

Dead bacteria release toxin –> HUS

73
Q

What not to give in E. coli infx?

A

Anti-diarrheals

74
Q

water source

A

Vibrio cholerae

75
Q

Mech of disese for cholera toxin

A

incresed cAMP

decreased Na+ absorption –> Cl- excretion

water follows

76
Q

rice-water stools

A

cholera

77
Q

loss of skin elasticity

dry mucous membranes

A

cholera

78
Q

water source, not VIbrio

A

Salmonella typhi

**typhoid fever – not a GI disease

79
Q

103-104 fevers

weakness, headache

A

Typhoid fever

S. typhi

80
Q

Abx for S. typhi??

A

YES

81
Q

Review slide 98

A

infection doses

82
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis

A

C. diff

GI (46 decks)

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