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Wk4 Lower GI micro Flashcards

1
Q

Normal flora associated with breast feeding:

A

bifidobacteria

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2
Q

Toxin type responsible for food poisoning:

A

eXOtoxin

**secreted by bacteria

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3
Q

Gram +

Cocci

Catalase +

Coag +

A

S. aureus

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4
Q

Onset of sx for S. aureus food poisoning:

A

1-7 hours after ingestion

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5
Q

One of the most resistant non-spore forming human pathogens:

A

S. aureus

15-45 degrees C

NaCl up to 15%

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6
Q

Abx for S. aureus food px?

A

nope

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7
Q

Box-car shaped?

A

Bacillus cereus

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8
Q

B. cereus VF that can be transmitted via medical devices:

A

biofilms

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9
Q

Gram +

Large bacilli

endospore forming

Facultative anaerobe

mostly motile

Beta hemolytic

A

B. cereus

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10
Q

B. cereus

? hemolytic

A

beta

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11
Q

Commonly found in soil and foods that grow close to ground:

A

B. cereus

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12
Q

rice

A

B. cereus

**spores can survive rice cooking process

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13
Q

Resembles vomiting like S. aureus

onset 1-6 hours

A

B. cereus

Emetic form

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14
Q

Similar to C. perfringens infx

watery diarrhea

6-15 hours incubation

A

B. cereus

Diarrheal

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15
Q

Cereulide

A

B. cereus toxin for EMETIC form

pre-formed

pore forming

pH stable

heat and protease resistant

self limiting

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16
Q

B. cereus toxin for Diarrheal form:

A

large molecular weight enterotoxin causes intestinal fluid secretion

not likely pre-formed

small intestine

need lots of bacteria

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17
Q

Gram +

Bacilli

spore-forming

Obligate anaerobe

Motile

A

Clostridium botulinum

**perfringens is NON-motile

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18
Q

Neurotoxin from canned food

A

Clostridium botulinum

live in canned food because they are obligate anaerobes

botulinum toxin

pre-formed, acts as soon as hits GI –> blood

anticholinergic –> muscle weakness/paralysis

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19
Q

Difference in infant botulism:

A

Longer incubation period

spores have to produce toxin forming bacteria

spores in honey or similar

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20
Q

Big 3 food borne bacteria in USA:

A
  1. Campylobacter jejuni
    - intestinal cell invasion
  2. Salmonella enterica
    - intestinal cell invasion
  3. C. perfringens
    - enterotoxin
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21
Q

Mech of disease for C. perfringens in GI:

A

enterotoxins generate pores in host mucosa

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22
Q

C. perfringens

motile?

A

nope

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23
Q

C. perfringens

Fever?

Vomiting?

A

no

no

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24
Q

Cafeteria food

large quantities kept warm for long time

NON-motile

A

C. perfringens

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25
Gram - Spirilli microaerophilic motile cold sensitive
Campylobacter jejuni
26
Chicken (poultry)
C. jejuni
27
Karmali agar | charcoal based
C. jejuni **sometimes killed before culture
28
"comma, or S-shaped" Diarrhea, cramping, fever 2-5 days incubation diarrhea can be BLOODY -- inflammatory response
C. jejuni
29
Guillain Barre
C. jejuni
30
Salmonella species that cause gastroenteritis:
S. enteritidis S. typhimurium
31
Salmonella sp. that causes typhoid fever:
S. paratyphi A S. typhi
32
Gram - Bacilli NON spore forming H2S positive, lactose NEGATIVE motile, flaggelated
Salmonella "Salmonella has flagella"
33
Shigella agar Ferric citrate --> H2S (black appearance)
Salmonella enterica
34
reactive arthritis
Salmonella enterica
35
Turtles (pets)
Salmonella
36
Salmonella mech of disease?
host cell invasion
37
Gram - (curved rod) facultative anaerobe Flagellated, motile Oxidase +
Vibrio spp.
38
Kovacs oxidase reagent
Vibrio
39
mild, bloody diarrhea sx last less than a week G - curved rod
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
40
raw seafood
V. parahaemolyticus
41
hemolysins TDH or TRH
V. parahaemolyticus
42
leading cause of death from food borne illness:
Listeria monocytogenes
43
Gram + Bacillus Non-fastidious Flagellated, motile NON-sporeforming oxidase -
Listeria monocytogenes
44
Listeria monocytogenes ? hemolytic
Beta
45
fever and chills in pregnant women
Listeria monocytogenes
46
stiff neck
Listeria monocytogenes
47
Meningitis in vulnerable populations
Listeria monocytogenes
48
Place to ID Listeria?
blood/CSF -- normally sterile fluids **not stool
49
Listeria moncytogenes mech of disease:
Invasive **immune cells can "Trojan Horse" to other organs (LIVER)
50
Uncooked foods: deli meat, dairy
Listeria maybe
51
most common Shigella GI illness
Shigella sonnei
52
bacillary dysentery
Shigella flexnori
53
severe dysentery
Shigella dysenteriae **invasive AND produces toxin
54
Frequent, small bowel movements with blood and MUCUS, accompanied by rectal pain and tenesmus:
dysentery **different than bad diarrhea
55
Difference between Shigella and E. coli
Shigella is lactose NEGATIVE Shigella have no flagella
56
Gram - Bacillus Facultative anaerobe NONmotile non spore forming lactose negative, H2S negative
Shigella
57
actin rockets
Shigella
58
hemolytic uremic syndrome
Shigella or STEC E. coli
59
Shigella reactive arthritis
S. flexnori
60
Toxin that acts on vascular endothelial cells:
Shiga(vero)toxin aka AB5 -Phage borne toxin
61
Receptor for AB5 (shigatoxin)
Gb3
62
Gram - Bacillus Facultative anaerobe motile non spore forming lactose POSITIVE
E. coli
63
Strain of E. coli that produces Shiga toxin:
STEC aka VTEC aka EHEC
64
E. coli traveller's diarrhea
ETEC
65
Main difference between E. coli strains ETEC and STEC:
degree of attachment STEC gets intimate to deliver shiga toxin ETEC delivers LT or ST toxin from the edge of cells
66
E. coli profuse watery diarrhea --> bloody
STEC
67
Incubation for ETEC:
1-3 days
68
Incubation for STEC:
3-8 days
69
hemorrhagic colitis hemolytic uremic syndrome
STEC
70
cows beef
E. coli
71
stxA stxB ???
genes for STEC AB5 toxin come form bacteriophage
72
Pssoble prob with abx for E. coli?
Dead bacteria release toxin --> HUS
73
What not to give in E. coli infx?
Anti-diarrheals
74
water source
Vibrio cholerae
75
Mech of disese for cholera toxin
incresed cAMP decreased Na+ absorption --> Cl- excretion water follows
76
rice-water stools
cholera
77
loss of skin elasticity dry mucous membranes
cholera
78
water source, not VIbrio
Salmonella typhi **typhoid fever -- not a GI disease
79
103-104 fevers weakness, headache
Typhoid fever S. typhi
80
Abx for S. typhi??
YES
81
Review slide 98
infection doses
82
Pseudomembranous colitis
C. diff

GI (46 decks)

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