Wk2 Upper GI micro

Question 1

Disease mechanism in dental caries:

Answer 1

microbial proliferation and invasion

Question 2

Disease mechanism for gingivitis and peridontitis:

Answer 2

host immune response

Question 3

Factor facilitating dental disease:

Answer 3

plaque biofilm

Question 4

General definition for plaque biofilm:

Answer 4

Two or more species of bacteria enclosed in a glycocalyx

Question 5

“Good guys” of oral cavity bacteria:

Answer 5

S. sanguinis

S. mitis

Question 6

One way good Strep species protect the oral cavity:

Answer 6

hydrogen peroxide production

Question 7

Typical gram stain for cavity causing bacteria:

Answer 7

gram +

Question 8

Typical gram stain for bacteria causing disease below the gum line:

Answer 8

gram -

Question 9

Bad oral Strep?

Answer 9

S. mutans

Question 10

S. mutans

Shape?

Answer 10

Cocci (beads on a string)

Question 11

S. mutans

Catalase ?

Answer 11

catalase negative

Question 12

How do S. mutans feel about oxygen?

Answer 12

facultative anaerobe

Question 13

S. mutans

? hemolytic

Answer 13

alpha

viridans group

Question 14

S. mutans

Optochin ?

Answer 14

resistant

Question 15

S. mutans VF for binding to pellicle?

Answer 15

AgI/II

Question 16

What is a dental pellicle?

Answer 16

a protein film that forms on the surface enamel by selective binding of glycoproteins from saliva that prevents continuous deposition of salivary calcium phosphate. It forms in seconds after a tooth is cleaned or after chewing. It protects the tooth from the acids produced by oral microorganisms after consuming carbohydrates.

Question 17

Constituents of the pellicle

synthesize glucans from sucrose

binding site for S. mutans

Answer 17

Gtfs’s

glucosyltransferases

Question 18

low abundance microbe capable of orchestrating periodontal inflammation by remodeling normal symbiotic microbiota into dysbiotic state:

Answer 18

keystone pathogens

red group

Question 19

keystone pathogen

spirochete

Answer 19

Treponema denticola

Question 20

keystone pathogen

gram -

rod

anaerobe

Answer 20

Tannerella forsythia

Question 21

keystone pathogen

best studied due to culturability

Answer 21

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Question 22

Gram - rod

SEVERE periodontal disease

Answer 22

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Actinobacillus

Question 23

Black pigmented colonies on blood auger

Answer 23

P. gingivalis

Question 24

P. gingivalis

bacitracin ?

Answer 24

resistant

Question 25

Link between diabetes and periodontal disease:

Answer 25

inflammatory cytokines

Question 26

Skin infection on floor of mouth can block airway

Answer 26

Ludwig's angina

Question 27

Creamy white lesions | usually tongue or inner cheeks

Answer 27

Candidiasis

Question 28

Dx for Candidiasis

Answer 28

hyphae on microscopy

Question 29

Topical Tx's of candidiasis:

Answer 29

clotrimazole nystatin

Question 30

Oral 2nd line for refractory candidiasis

Answer 30

fluconazole

Question 31

IV tx for BAD candidiasis

Answer 31

amphotericin B

Question 32

EBV classification:

Answer 32

Herpesviridae DS DNA Linear enveloped

Question 33

H. pylori gram stain?

Answer 33

G -

Question 34

H. pylori shape?

Answer 34

flagellated helix shaped rod

Question 35

H. pylori O2 affinity?

Answer 35

microaerophillic **requires oxygen to survive, but requires environments containing lower levels of oxygen than are present in the atmosphere

Question 36

H. pylori Catalase/Oxidase ?

Answer 36

positive

Question 37

Characteristic of H. pylori elevating local pH to allow survival?

Answer 37

Urease +++++

Question 38

Two H. pylori disease causing mechanisms:

Answer 38

1. Toxin production | 2. Host immune response

Question 39

How does H. pylori get through low pH lumen quickly?

Answer 39

excellent flagella based motility

Question 40

H. pylori toxin causing leakage of Ca++ from epithelial cells:

Answer 40

VacA

Question 41

H. pylori toxin that gets into cytosol and causes problems:

Answer 41

CagA

Question 42

How does CagA get into epithelial cells?

Answer 42

Type 4 secretion system

Question 43

Two best characterized VFs of H. pylori?

Answer 43

VacA -- pore forming, leaks Ca++ CagA -- cystosolic troublemaker

Question 44

Three steps to forming an ulcer:

Answer 44

1. Attract inflammatory cells 2. Inflammatory cells can't kill pathogen 3. Host damages self by continual ineffective immune response

Question 45

Triple therapy for H. pylori

Answer 45

clarithromycin amoxicillin PPI

Question 46

Gold standard Dx for H. pylori:

Answer 46

Endoscopy

Question 47

Tests good for Dx and confirmation of cure of H. pylori:

Answer 47

1. Breath test senses CO2 from urease rxn 2. Stool antigen test

Question 48

Cancer associated with H. pylori with good prog after abx?

Answer 48

MALT lymphoma B-cell Tumor of the mucosal associated lymphoid tissue

Question 49

Cancer of stomach epithilium from H. pylori?

Answer 49

gastric carcinoma