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GI > Wk2 Upper GI micro > Flashcards

Wk2 Upper GI micro Flashcards

1
Q

Disease mechanism in dental caries:

A

microbial proliferation and invasion

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2
Q

Disease mechanism for gingivitis and peridontitis:

A

host immune response

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3
Q

Factor facilitating dental disease:

A

plaque biofilm

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4
Q

General definition for plaque biofilm:

A

Two or more species of bacteria enclosed in a glycocalyx

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5
Q

“Good guys” of oral cavity bacteria:

A

S. sanguinis

S. mitis

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6
Q

One way good Strep species protect the oral cavity:

A

hydrogen peroxide production

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7
Q

Typical gram stain for cavity causing bacteria:

A

gram +

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8
Q

Typical gram stain for bacteria causing disease below the gum line:

A

gram -

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9
Q

Bad oral Strep?

A

S. mutans

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10
Q

S. mutans

Shape?

A

Cocci (beads on a string)

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11
Q

S. mutans

Catalase ?

A

catalase negative

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12
Q

How do S. mutans feel about oxygen?

A

facultative anaerobe

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13
Q

S. mutans

? hemolytic

A

alpha

viridans group

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14
Q

S. mutans

Optochin ?

A

resistant

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15
Q

S. mutans VF for binding to pellicle?

A

AgI/II

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16
Q

What is a dental pellicle?

A

a protein film that forms on the surface enamel by selective binding of glycoproteins from saliva that prevents continuous deposition of salivary calcium phosphate. It forms in seconds after a tooth is cleaned or after chewing. It protects the tooth from the acids produced by oral microorganisms after consuming carbohydrates.

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17
Q

Constituents of the pellicle

synthesize glucans from sucrose

binding site for S. mutans

A

Gtfs’s

glucosyltransferases

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18
Q

low abundance microbe capable of orchestrating periodontal inflammation by remodeling normal symbiotic microbiota into dysbiotic state:

A

keystone pathogens

red group

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19
Q

keystone pathogen

spirochete

A

Treponema denticola

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20
Q

keystone pathogen

gram -

rod

anaerobe

A

Tannerella forsythia

21
Q

keystone pathogen

best studied due to culturability

A

Porphyromonas gingivalis

22
Q

Gram - rod

SEVERE periodontal disease

A

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Actinobacillus

23
Q

Black pigmented colonies on blood auger

A

P. gingivalis

24
Q

P. gingivalis

bacitracin ?

A

resistant

25
Q

Link between diabetes and periodontal disease:

A

inflammatory cytokines

26
Q

Skin infection on floor of mouth

can block airway

A

Ludwig’s angina

27
Q

Creamy white lesions

usually tongue or inner cheeks

A

Candidiasis

28
Q

Dx for Candidiasis

A

hyphae on microscopy

29
Q

Topical Tx’s of candidiasis:

A

clotrimazole

nystatin

30
Q

Oral 2nd line for refractory candidiasis

A

fluconazole

31
Q

IV tx for BAD candidiasis

A

amphotericin B

32
Q

EBV classification:

A

Herpesviridae

DS DNA

Linear

enveloped

33
Q

H. pylori gram stain?

A

G -

34
Q

H. pylori shape?

A

flagellated helix shaped rod

35
Q

H. pylori O2 affinity?

A

microaerophillic

**requires oxygen to survive, but requires environments containing lower levels of oxygen than are present in the atmosphere

36
Q

H. pylori

Catalase/Oxidase ?

A

positive

37
Q

Characteristic of H. pylori elevating local pH to allow survival?

A

Urease +++++

38
Q

Two H. pylori disease causing mechanisms:

A
  1. Toxin production

2. Host immune response

39
Q

How does H. pylori get through low pH lumen quickly?

A

excellent flagella based motility

40
Q

H. pylori toxin causing leakage of Ca++ from epithelial cells:

A

VacA

41
Q

H. pylori toxin that gets into cytosol and causes problems:

A

CagA

42
Q

How does CagA get into epithelial cells?

A

Type 4 secretion system

43
Q

Two best characterized VFs of H. pylori?

A

VacA – pore forming, leaks Ca++

CagA – cystosolic troublemaker

44
Q

Three steps to forming an ulcer:

A
  1. Attract inflammatory cells
  2. Inflammatory cells can’t kill pathogen
  3. Host damages self by continual ineffective immune response
45
Q

Triple therapy for H. pylori

A

clarithromycin

amoxicillin

PPI

46
Q

Gold standard Dx for H. pylori:

A

Endoscopy

47
Q

Tests good for Dx and confirmation of cure of H. pylori:

A
  1. Breath test

senses CO2 from urease rxn

  1. Stool antigen test
48
Q

Cancer associated with H. pylori with good prog after abx?

A

MALT lymphoma

B-cell Tumor of the mucosal associated lymphoid tissue

49
Q

Cancer of stomach epithilium from H. pylori?

A

gastric carcinoma

GI (46 decks)

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