Wk3 Pancreas, Gall Bladder, Liver Physiology

Question 1

I cells

location:

respond to?

release?

Answer 1

duodenum

release CCK in response to fat and amino acids

Question 2

S cells

location:

respond to?

release?

Answer 2

duodenum

respond to H+

release SECRETIN

Question 3

What does secretin do?

Answer 3

causes pancreatic ductal cells to release bicarb

Question 4

Neuro activation of pancreatic acinar cells?

Answer 4

vagus –> Ach –> M3 receptors

Question 5

look at slide 10

Answer 5

Monitor peptide

Question 6

Master regulator of duodenal cluster unit:

Answer 6

CCK

Question 7

CCK –> gallbladder?

Answer 7

contraction

Question 8

CCK –> Pancreas?

Answer 8

Acinar secretion

Question 9

CCK –> stomach?

Answer 9

reduced emptying

Question 10

CCK –> sphincter of Oddi?

Answer 10

relaxation

Question 11

CCK –> brain?

Answer 11

decreased hunger/food intake

Question 12

Brush border enzyme that activates trypsinogen?

Answer 12

enteropeptidase

Question 13

Where do pancreatic duct cells get bicarb? (2 places)

Answer 13

blood (from alkali tide of stomach) –> Na+/2HCO3- symporter

intracellular CA

Question 14

Hoe does bicarb get from duct cell into lumen?

Answer 14

Cl-/bicarb exchangers

Question 15

How does Cl- get into lumen for exchange with bicarb?

Answer 15

CFTR

**activated by secretin

**this is why CF patients have decreased bicarb secretion

Question 16

3 causes of pancreatitis:

Answer 16

1. CF
2. Occlusion fo pancreatic duct (gallstones, malignancy)
3. EtOH –> hyperstimulation of acinar cells –> intracellular trypsin activation –> cell death

Question 17

Regulator of nutrient assimilation:

Answer 17

hypothalamus

Question 18

GLP-1 general role:

Answer 18

increase insulin

decrease glucagon

**direct- pancreas

**indirect- hypothalamus

Question 19

GLP-1 cell of origin:

Answer 19

intestinal L cells

Question 20

GIP role and cell of origin:

Answer 20

K cells –> pancreatic beta and alpha cells –> increased insulin, decreased glucagon

Question 21

Two negative regulators of pancreatic beta cell secretion of insulin:

Answer 21

somatostatin

NE

Question 22

4 satiety signal acting on hypothalamus:

Answer 22

1. GLP1
2. CCK
3. Insulin
4. Leptin (adipose tissue)

Question 23

hormone produced in fundus of stomach (and hypothalamus) during fasting to stimulate appetite:

Answer 23

grehlin

Question 24

great summary chart on

Answer 24

slide 22

Question 25

hardening of liver due to irreversible deposition of excess collagen:

Answer 25

cirrhosis

Question 26

Pathology of cirrhosis:

Answer 26

oxidative stress (infx, EtOH) –> Kupffer cells release cytokines –> induce collagen production by stellate cells

Question 27

Bile review

Answer 27

slide 30 –> end of ppt