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EMT - B > Week 6 Test > Flashcards

Week 6 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

In a healthy patient, for air to be exhaled from the lungs, what must occur?

  1. The CO2 levels must be low
  2. The diaphragm must relax
  3. The pressure is the lungs must be low
  4. The intercostals muscles must contract
A
  1. The diaphragm must relax
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2
Q

Friends called 911 for a 37-year-old female who intentionally overdosed on a narcotic drug at a college party. Which eye-related findings would reinforce that the patient did indeed take a narcotic?

  1. Pupils that are constricted
  2. Bloodshot eyes with large pupils
  3. Pupils that constrict to light
  4. Nonreactive pupils that are unequal
A
  1. Pupils that are constricted
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3
Q

You and your partner are first on the scene of a bleacher collapse at a local raceway. As you exit the ambulance, you note several patients seated throughout the debris. In this situation, which action would you perform FIRST?

  1. Determine the number of patients
  2. Determine the severity of injuries
  3. Wait for additional units to arrive
  4. Notify the local hospitals of a mass-casualty incident
A
  1. Determine the number of patients
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4
Q

A patient with liver cancer exhibits a yellow discoloration to his entire body. The EMT would correctly document this condition as:

  1. Jaundice
  2. Flushed
  3. Cyanotic
  4. Pallor
A
  1. Jaundice
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5
Q

You are assessing a female patient with a complaint of shortness of breath. When assessing her skin, which finding should be recognized as abnormal?

  1. Dry
  2. Warm
  3. Pink
  4. Moist
A
  1. Moist
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6
Q

A listless and lethargic 84-year-old male patient responds to physical stimuli with garbled speech. His respirations show poor effort and are rapid and labored, with a pulse-ox of 84%. The BEST form of oxygen therapy for this patient would be:

  1. High-concentration oxygen via a nonrebreather mask
  2. Oxygen at 2 LPM via nasal cannula initially and increase the liter flow as needed
  3. Positive pressure ventilation
  4. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
A
  1. Positive pressure ventilation
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7
Q

The structure that lies between the trachea and bronchi is the:

  1. Bronchioles
  2. Carina
  3. Larynx
  4. Cricoid Cartilage
A
  1. Carina
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8
Q

Which body system or structure is responsible for the control and regulation of a person’s breathing?

  1. Alveoli
  2. Brain
  3. Spinal Cord
  4. Lungs
A
  1. Brain
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9
Q

The EMT is appropriately sizing the nasal airway when she measures the:

  1. Distance from the mouth to the angle of the jaw
  2. Diameter of the patient’s little finger
  3. Diameter of the larger nostril
  4. Distance from the tip of the nostril to the earlobe
A
  1. Distance from the tip of the nostril to the earlobe
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10
Q

When completing a primary assessment, what would be a good indication that the patient has an open airway?

  1. The breath sounds are clear
  2. The respiratory rate is normal
  3. The patient is conscious
  4. The patient speaks with ease
A
  1. The patient speaks with ease
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11
Q

You have arrived next to a patient who reportedly had a seizure. Assessment reveals him to be apneic with vomitus in the airway. He has a radial pulse, and his skin is cool and diaphoretic. What should you do immediately?

  1. Check breath sounds
  2. Apply a nonrebreather mask
  3. Start Artificial respirations
  4. Suction the airway
A
  1. Suction the airway
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12
Q

During the primary assessment, you locate the radial pulse. What should you do next?

  1. Establish the patient’s level of consciousness
  2. Assess the patient’s breathing
  3. Determine the rate and quality
  4. Obtain a blood pressure
A
  1. Determine the rate and quality
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13
Q

When monitoring a patient receiving oxygen through a nasal cannula, which of these observations warrants immediate intervention?

  1. Breathing normally, with the nasal cannula in place
  2. Prongs in the nostrils curving posteriorly into the nose
  3. O2 flow rate of 15 LPM
  4. Tubing positioned over the ears and under the chin
A
  1. O2 flow rate of 15 LPM
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14
Q

You are assessing a 61-year-old male patient who is confused. During the primary assessment, you cannot locate a radial pulse. Your immediate action should be to:

  1. Call for ALS assistance
  2. Check for Carotid Pulse
  3. Start CPR
  4. Apply the AED
A
  1. Check for Carotid Pulse
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15
Q

When should the EMT use the pulse oximeter?

  1. Only if the patient has a hx of lung disease
  2. Only on patients who complain of shortness of breath
  3. Routinely on all patients with a medical or a trauma complaint
  4. On any and all patients 1 year of age and older
A
  1. Routinely on all patients with a medical or a trauma complaint
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16
Q

Which of these is an example of an open-ended question?

  1. Does your chest hurt?
  2. Are you dizzy?
  3. Did you take your medications today?
  4. Why did you call 911?
A
  1. Why did you call 911?
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17
Q

While the EMT is inserting an oropharyngeal airway, the patient gags. The EMT should:

  1. Remove the airway and maintain the head-tilt-chin-lift maneuver
  2. Use a tongue depressor to better place the oral airway
  3. Reattempt insertion using a smaller oropharyngeal airway
  4. Lubricate the oropharyngeal airway and reattempt insertion
A
  1. Remove the airway and maintain the head-tilt-chin-lift maneuver
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18
Q

To best determine the type and extent of injuries sustained by a patient who has fallen, the EMT should consider which of these pieces of information?

  1. VS obtained during the assessment
  2. The patients PMH
  3. The reason that the patient fell
  4. The distance fallen and the type of surface landed on
A
  1. The distance fallen and the type of surface landed on
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19
Q

The EMT is correctly calculating a patient’s respiratory rate when he or she:

  1. Counts the number of breaths in 1 minute and divides by 4
  2. Counts the number of breaths for 30 seconds and multiplies by 2
  3. Obtains an SpO2 reading and divides it by 3
  4. Assesses the patient for any sx of respiratory difficulty
A
  1. Counts the number of breaths for 30 seconds and multiplies by 2
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20
Q

Emergency Medical Responders inform you that a 27-year-old male patient with altered mental status has an open airway and is breathing 9 times every 30 seconds. His pulse rate is 40 beats/min, and he has bruises to his chest. Based on this vital sign and presentation information, the EMT should recognize the:

  1. Respiratory rate as normal
  2. Blood Pressure as normal
  3. Heart Rate as irregular
  4. Heart as beating adequately
A
  1. Respiratory rate as normal

An athlete can have a resting heart rate of 40-50 BPM. We do not have the information stating if the heart rate is regular or irregular, only the count

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21
Q

What is obstructing the airway when snoring is heard?

  1. Swelling of the larynx
  2. Bronchospasm
  3. The tongue
  4. Fluid in the upper airway
A
  1. The tongue
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22
Q

The EMT has just placed an oropharyngeal airway in a patient. By doing so, what has the EMT accomplished?

  1. Protected the airway from vomit or other secretions
  2. Minimized the risk of vomiting by closing off the esophagus
  3. Displaced the tongue away from the back of the airway
  4. Obtained a patent airway by preventing closure of the mouth
A
  1. Displaced the tongue away from the back of the airway
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23
Q

What is a benefit of using a humidification system when administering oxygen?

  1. A higher flow rate can be used with a nasal cannula when humidification is added
  2. O2 therapy is less drying to the upper respiratory tract
  3. Humidification reduces the chances of respiratory infection
  4. Increased diffusion of O2 occurs across the respiratory membrane
A
  1. O2 therapy is less drying to the upper respiratory tract
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24
Q

Which of these findings related to breathing would be most concerning to the EMT in an adult patient?

  1. Respiratory rate of 20, use of accessory muscles
  2. Respiratory rate of 10, chest expansion of about 1”
  3. Respiratory rate of 22, normal chest wall expansion
  4. Respiratory rate of 18, complaint of weakness
A
  1. Respiratory rate of 10, chest expansion of about 1”
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25
Q

Which of these findings related to breathing would be most concerning to the EMT in an adult patient?

  1. Respiratory rate of 20, use of accessory muscles
  2. Respiratory rate of 10, chest expansion of about 1”
  3. Respiratory rate of 22, normal chest wall expansion
  4. Respiratory rate of 18, complaint of weakness
A
  1. Respiratory rate of 20, use of accessory muscles
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26
Q

You are artificially ventilating an adult male patient who is in respiratory arrest with a bag-valve mask. Which finding would demonstrate that you are ventilating this patient properly?

  1. Adequate chest rise and fall
  2. Ability to fully deflate the self-inflating bag
  3. Clear and equal breath sounds
  4. Ventilation rate of 20 breaths per minute
A
  1. Adequate chest rise and fall
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27
Q

A patient who inhaled superheated steam in an industrial fire is MOST likely to exhibit which abnormal upper airway noise?

  1. Wheezing
  2. Stridor
  3. Gurgling
  4. Snoring
A
  1. Stridor
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28
Q

Which of these sequences best describes the path that oxygen must travel to get into the cells of the body?

  1. Nose, pharynx, esophagus, bronchi, alveoli
  2. Nasopharynx, oropharynx, carina, trachea, alveoli
  3. oropharynx, larynx, trachea, carina, bronchioles
  4. pharynx, larynx, trachea, alveoli, bronchioles
A
  1. oropharynx, larynx, trachea, carina, bronchioles
29
Q

An elderly male patient who is short of breath is on home oxygen. He is wearing a nasal cannula connected to an oxygen tank with the flow regulator set to 3 liters per minute. As a knowledgeable EMT, you should recognize that the patient is getting approximately what percentage of oxygen with each breath?

  1. 40%
  2. 24%
  3. 32%
  4. 20%
A
  1. 32%
30
Q

Which of these statements is MOST correct regarding the difference between respiration and ventilation?

  1. Respiration describes the exchange of O2 and CO2, while ventilation describes the movement of air that carries them into and out of the body
  2. Ventilation describes the exchange of gases at the cellular level, while respiration describes the same process between the lungs and the external environment
  3. Ventilation describes the absorption of O2 into the cells, while ventilation is the excretion of CO2 from the cells
  4. Respiration and ventilation are similar terms that both describe normal and healthy breathing in the living organism
A
  1. Respiration describes the exchange of O2 and CO2, while ventilation describes the movement of air that carries them into and out of the body
31
Q

Where would the EMT palpate for a popliteal pulse

  1. Upper arm
  2. Behind the knee
  3. Posterior ankle
  4. Top of the foot
A
  1. Behind the knee
32
Q

A 52-year-old male patient who has gone into respiratory arrest, but still has a pulse and blood pressure. You assign the task of ventilating the patient to a new Emergency Medical Responder. How will you instruct him to ventilate the patient?

  1. Give the patient 18-20 BPM
  2. Give the patient 24-26 BPM
  3. Administer 6-8 BPM
  4. Deliver 10-12 BPM
A
  1. Deliver 10-12 BPM
33
Q

Which personal protective equipment must the EMT take on every call?

  1. Gloves, gown and goggles
  2. Goggles and gown
  3. Gloves
  4. Gloves and eye protection
A
  1. Gloves and eye protection
34
Q

You determine a patient’s heart rate to be 48 beats/min. That heart rate would be categorized as:

  1. Bradycardic
  2. Normal
  3. Tachypneic
  4. Tachycardic
A
  1. Bradycardic
35
Q

What is the preferred method of providing high-concentration oxygen to a breathing patient in the prehospital setting?

  1. Venturi
  2. Nasal Cannula
  3. Nonrebreather Face Mask
  4. Simple Face Mask
A
  1. Nonrebreather Face Mask
36
Q

A pulse oximetry reading obtained on room air is considered normal when it is:

  1. Greater than 97%
  2. Greater than 75%
  3. 100%
  4. Greater than 90%
A
  1. Greater than 97%
37
Q

You determine a patient’s heart rate to be 48 beats/min. That heart rate would be categorized as:

  1. Bradycardic
  2. Normal
  3. Tachypneic
  4. Tachycardic
A
  1. Bradycardic
38
Q

Which of these would be an indication to palpate the blood pressure?

  1. Normal pulse rate
  2. Tachycardic pulse rate
  3. Non-life-threatening condition
  4. Noisy environment
A
  1. Noisy environment
39
Q

To assess a patient’s blood pressure, the EMT will need a:

  1. Pulse Oximeter and stethoscope
  2. Pulse Oximeter
  3. Pair of gloves and a stethoscope
  4. Sphygmomanometer
A
  1. Sphygmomanometer
40
Q

A mother has called 911 because her 2-year-old daughter is fussy and not eating. When assessing the toddler, what would be the BEST indication of her perfusion status?

  1. Heart rate
  2. Skin color and temperature
  3. Palpated blood pressure
  4. Auscultation of breath sounds
A
  1. Skin color and temperature
41
Q

To assess a patient’s blood pressure, the EMT will need a:

  1. Pulse Oximeter and stethoscope
  2. Pulse Oximeter
  3. Pair of gloves and a stethoscope
  4. Sphygmomanometer
A
  1. Pair of gloves and a stethoscope
42
Q

A mother has called 911 because her 2-year-old daughter is fussy and not eating. When assessing the toddler, what would be the BEST indication of her perfusion status?

  1. Heart rate
  2. Skin color and temperature
  3. Palpated blood pressure
  4. Auscultation of breath sounds
A
  1. Skin color and temperature
43
Q

A patient has advanced liver disease from years of exposure to toxic chemicals in his place of employment. Which skin color would the EMT expect given this status?

  1. Pale and cyanotic
  2. Pinkish and flushed
  3. Yellow-orange
  4. Bluish - Gray
A
  1. Yellow-orange
44
Q

You are administering oxygen at 2 LPM through a nasal cannula to a confused patient. During transport, you note the SpO2 to be 91%, up from 90% on scene. The patient remains confused. What would your next action be?

  1. Administer O2 at 15 LPM through a NRB mask
  2. Start positive pressure ventilation with supplemental O2
  3. Keep the O2 flow at 2 LPM and continue to monitor
  4. Increase the O2 flow to 4LPM
A
  1. Increase the O2 flow to 4LPM
45
Q

A patient with chest discomfort has the following vital signs: pulse, 88; respirations, 14 breaths/min; blood pressure, 154/84 mmHg; and pulse-ox of 97% on room air. In this situation, the EMT would address oxygen therapy by:

  1. Providing O2 via a nonrebreather at 15 LPM
  2. Using a nasal cannula with a flow of 4 LPM
  3. Administering blow-by O2 at 5 LPM
  4. Withholding the use of O2
A
  1. Withholding the use of O2
46
Q

You are administering oxygen at 2 LPM through a nasal cannula to a confused patient. During transport, you note the SpO2 to be 91%, up from 90% on scene. The patient remains confused. What would your next action be?

  1. Administer O2 at 15 LPM through a NRB mask
  2. Start positive pressure ventilation with supplemental O2
  3. Keep the O2 flow at 2 LPM and continue to monitor
  4. Withholding the use of O2
A
  1. Administer O2 at 15 LPM through a NRB mask
47
Q

When does hypoxia occur?

  1. When CO2 accumulates within the body
  2. When CO2 is excreted too rapidly
  3. If adequate amounts of O2 are available are available to the cells
  4. If the respiratory rate decreases to <12 breathes per minute
A
  1. If adequate amounts of O2 are available are available to the cells
48
Q

You have been called to assess a conscious and alert 5-year-old child whose chief complaint is nausea and vomiting over the last 2 hours. When assessing his pulse, you should first check which pulse?

  1. Radial
  2. Brachial
  3. Carotid
  4. Pedal
A
  1. Brachial
49
Q

If a scene becomes unsafe after you have entered, you should FIRST:

  1. Remove yourself from the scene
  2. Attempt to neutralize the threat
  3. Call for assistance on the radio
  4. Notify the EMS supervisor
A
  1. Remove yourself from the scene
50
Q

A patient complaining of shortness of breath and a history of asthma has the following vital signs: pulse, 96; respirations, 20 breaths/min; blood pressure, 132/86 mmHg; and SpO2, 92% on room air. Mild wheezing is noted bilaterally, and the patient states that she has run out of her rescue inhaler (albuterol). Regarding the patient’s respiratory status, how should you initially administer oxygen?

  1. 2 LPM O2 through a nasal cannula
  2. 12 LPM through a NRB mask
  3. 6 LPM O2 through a nasal cannula
  4. 15 LPM O2 through a NRB mask
A
  1. 2 LPM O2 through a nasal cannula
51
Q

Which of these characteristics would be considered a pulse “quality” factor?

  1. Tone
  2. Strength
  3. Rate
  4. Regularity
A
  1. Strength
52
Q

To test a pediatric patient’s capillary refill, the EMT will:

  1. Firmly compress and then release pressure on the nail bed
  2. Apply gentle pressure to the radial pulse and watch color changes to the hand
  3. Apply pressure to an arm and then release that pressure
  4. Examine the inside lining of one or both eyelids
A
  1. Firmly compress and then release pressure on the nail bed
53
Q

An EMT has an accurate understanding of systolic blood pressure when he tells you that systolic blood pressure is:

  1. Represented by the bottom number
  2. Produced when the heart contracts
  3. The pressure in the veins
  4. Caused by the constriction of the arteries
A
  1. Produced when the heart contracts
54
Q

Which of these statements best describes the EMT’s understanding of oxygen?

  1. It is a moist gas that supports cellular activity
  2. It is an odorless cloudy gas when pressurized
  3. It is highly flammable substance
  4. It is a gas classified as a drug
A
  1. It is a gas classified as a drug
55
Q

An EMT has an accurate understanding of systolic blood pressure when he tells you that systolic blood pressure is:

  1. Represented by the bottom number
  2. Produced when the heart contracts
  3. The pressure in the veins
  4. Caused by the constriction of the arteries
A
  1. Produced when the heart contracts
56
Q

When should the EMT evaluate the scene of an emergency for hazards that may threaten or harm him?

  1. Before responding to the call
  2. Throughout the entire call
  3. Prior to leaving the ambulance
  4. After completing the primary assessment
A
  1. Throughout the entire call
57
Q

Which of these statements BEST describes the purpose of a Venturi mask?

  1. The device is used to deliver positive pressure ventilation
  2. Precise concentrations of O2 can be delivered with this device
  3. It allows a 100% concentration of O2 to be delivered without a leak between the patients face and mask
  4. It provides a seal over the larynx, preventing aspiration during positive pressure ventilation
A
  1. Precise concentrations of O2 can be delivered with this device
58
Q

The EMT is correct when he identifies baseline vital signs as:

  1. A set of VS most close to normal
  2. The most important set of VS
  3. The first set of VS
  4. Any change in two consecutive sets of VS
A
  1. The first set of VS
59
Q

In a healthy person, the primary stimulus to breathe is:

  1. Carbon dioxide levels
  2. Diaphragm position
  3. O2 levels in the arteries
  4. Lung pressures
A
  1. Carbon dioxide levels
60
Q

Which of these actions indicates that the EMT is correctly using a nonrebreather face mask on an adult patient?

  1. They fully inflates the reservoir prior to placing the mask on the patient
  2. They set the O2 to the rate between 6 and 16 LPM
  3. He ensures that the reservoir fully collapses with each breath
  4. They instruct the patient to take deeper breaths when the mask is on
A
  1. They fully inflates the reservoir prior to placing the mask on the patient
61
Q

The EMT recognizes a late sign of hypoxia in a patient in a coma when he observes:

  1. Complaint of a headache
  2. Cyanosis in the fingers
  3. Elevation in blood pressure
  4. Restlessness and agitation
A
  1. Cyanosis in the fingers
62
Q

Which pulse site is commonly palpated during the process of obtaining a blood pressure by the palpation technique?

  1. Radial
  2. Brachial
  3. Pedal
  4. Carotid
A
  1. Radial
63
Q

The EMT recognizes a late sign of hypoxia in a patient in a coma when he observes:

  1. Complaint of a headache
  2. Cyanosis in the fingers
  3. Elevation in blood pressure
  4. Restlessness and agitation
A
  1. Cyanosis in the fingers
64
Q

Which pulse site is commonly palpated during the process of obtaining a blood pressure by the palpation technique?

  1. Radial
  2. Brachial
  3. Pedal
  4. Carotid
A
  1. Radial
65
Q

You are checking the oxygen tank in the ambulance and note that the reading on the pressure regulator is 1000 psi. You should recognize that the tank is:

  1. Leaking
  2. Overfilled
  3. Half Full
  4. Almost Empty
A
  1. Half Full

Depending on the system

A “G” Cylinder holds 5,300 L
A “H” Cylinder holds 6,900 L

66
Q

Which configuration on the bag-valve mask (BVM) will enable the EMT to deliver the highest concentration of oxygen to the patient?

  1. BVM with O2 reservoir attached
  2. BVM with room-air O2 being used by 2 EMTs
  3. BVM attached to O2 at 15 LPM
  4. BVM with O2 reservoir attached, receiving O2 at 15LPM
A
  1. BVM with O2 reservoir attached, receiving O2 at 15LPM
67
Q

You are checking the oxygen tank in the ambulance and note that the reading on the pressure regulator is 1000 psi. You should recognize that the tank is:

  1. Leaking
  2. Overfilled
  3. Half Full
  4. Almost Empty
A
  1. Almost Empty

Depending on the system

A “G” Cylinder holds 5,300 L
A “H” Cylinder holds 6,900 L

68
Q

You are called for a 2-year-old female child who is sick. When testing her capillary refill, what would be the greatest cause for concern?

  1. Immediate return of color
  2. 1-second capillary refill
  3. 2-second capillary refill
  4. 3-second capillary refill
A
  1. 3-second capillary refill

EMT - B (41 decks)

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