Question 1

H-1) Which of the following defines​ obesity? A. A body mass index of 30 or greater B. 100 pounds or more above ideal body weight C. More than​ 10% above ideal body weight D. At least​ 25% above average weight for height

Accepted Answer

A. A body mass index of 30 or greater

Question 2

H-2) Which of the following definitions of disability is most complete and​ accurate? A. Disability is a​ physical, emotional,​ behavioral, or cognitive condition that interferes with a​ person's ability to carry out everyday tasks. B. Disability is a physical impairment that is specifically defined in the Americans with Disabilities Act. C. Disability is a physical or cognitive condition that interferes with a​ person's ability to function in a professional environment. D. Disability is a​ physical, emotional,​ behavioral, or cognitive condition that keeps anyone from doing anything they want to do.

Accepted Answer

A. Disability is a​ physical, emotional,​ behavioral, or cognitive condition that interferes with a​ person's ability to carry out everyday tasks.

Question 3

H-3) According to the Centers for Disease Control and​ Prevention, which of the following statements regarding developmental disability is​ true? A. A developmental disability is always a mental impairment. B. A developmental disability causes significant impairment of a​ person's major life activities. C. A developmental disability begins after the age of 22. D. A developmental disability is an acute condition.

Accepted Answer

B. A developmental disability causes significant impairment of a​ person's major life activities. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention uses the term developmental disability to mean a chronic​ (persistent or​ lasting) mental​ and/or physical impairment beginning at any age up until 22 years and causing significant impairment in the​ person's major life activities.

Question 4

H-4) Which of the following statements best describes the reason it is important to monitor the oxygen saturation of an obese​ patient? A. Obese patients often have respiratory problems. B. The airway of an obese patient occludes easily. C. The patient will likely be supine. D. The first pulse oximetry reading for an obese patient tends to be wrong.

Accepted Answer

A. Obese patients often have respiratory problems. Obesity increases the risk of respiratory problems. Very obese patients may have difficulty breathing when they are​ supine, because of the extra weight that must be moved by the diaphragm during inspiration. If​ possible, allow the patient to assume a comfortable position for breathing. Monitor the​ patient's oxygen​ saturation, and provide oxygen and ventilatory assistance as needed.

Question 5

``` H-5) Which type of instructions is best for a patient with​ autism? A. Implied B. Humorous C. Simple D. Metaphorical ```

Accepted Answer

C. Simple Simple, clear, precise directions are easiest to follow for persons with autism. For​ example, say​ "Sit down​ here" (pointing at a​ chair), not​ "Why don't you have a​ seat?" Don't be​ sarcastic, use figures of​ speech, or tell jokes.

Question 6

H-6) Which of the following statements regarding escalation and meltdown in a patient with autism is​ true? A. The increase in​ tantrum-like behaviors is involuntary. B. The patient is behaving maliciously in most cases. C. Changing up an established routine can often reverse the escalation. D. The most common cause is under-stimulation.

Accepted Answer

A. The increase in​ tantrum-like behaviors is involuntary. Escalation and​ meltdown, which can occur in a person with an​ ASD, can be described as an involuntary increase in​ tantrum-like behaviors. There are several causes of this​ behavior, with the most common involving​ sensory, emotional, or cognitive​ overstimulation; social skills​ deficits; excessive demands being placed on the​ individual; interruption of established​ routines; and being put in a situation that was unexpected or is unpredictable. If a person with an ASD is behaving aggressively or is​ escalated, it is rarely from what most of us would refer to as malicious or defiant behavior.

Question 7

H-7) Which of the following questions least involves​ scope-of-practice considerations when thinking about a problem with a​ patient's medical​ device? A. ​"Do I have the knowledge to fix this​ problem?" B. ​"Is the problem​ life-threatening?" C. ​"Is this within my​ protocols?" D. ​"Do I think this problem is the result of​ neglect?"

Accepted Answer

D. ​"Do I think this problem is the result of​ neglect?" ​Scope-of-practice considerations involve what is within the​ EMT's specific regional and state practices to do. You should confer with medical direction if the treatment or skill required is not something you are trained in or allowed to do under these protocols. If the EMT believes a problem is the result of​ neglect, that's​ important, but not a​ scope-of-practice issue or related to determining whether an​ out-of-scope intervention might be required.

Question 8

H-8) What is the least realistic expectation an EMT might​ have? A. The EMT will be proficient in the use of and knowledgeable about any medical device. B. Becoming familiar with any special healthcare setting in the community will make the EMT better prepared. C. EMTs may develop plans with the representatives of specialized care facilities to coordinate care during EMS calls. D. A special healthcare​ facility's representative might agree to offer EMTs demonstrations of how the devices for their facility work.

Accepted Answer

A. The EMT will be proficient in the use of and knowledgeable about any medical device. It​ isn't realistic for an EMT to expect to know and be able to use any medical device that might be encountered in the​ field, but that​ doesn't mean that EMTs will not benefit from taking steps to be better prepared in general for specialized care situations.

Question 9

H-9) A patient who use a CPAP device for sleep apnea most​ likely: A. will need the device to be close at hand at all times. B. uses the device 24 hours a day. C. will have frequent emergencies related to the use of the device. D. uses the device at night.

Accepted Answer

D. uses the device at night. A patient who use a CPAP device for sleep apnea most likely use the device at night but does not need it​ otherwise, and is unlikely to have emergencies specifically related to the device.

Question 10

H-10) Which of the following patients is at increased risk for developing​ pneumonia? A. An adolescent with Down syndrome B. A spinal cord-injured patient on a ventilator C. A patient who has been legally blind since birth D. A child with autism

Accepted Answer

B. A spinal cord-injured patient on a ventilator

Question 11

H-11) What is a special consideration that must be made for women who are​ homeless? A. They may be victims of domestic and sexual abuse. B. They typically have mental health problems. C. They often have​ HIV/AIDS. D. They frequently have complications from respiratory disorders.

Accepted Answer

A. They may be victims of domestic and sexual abuse. Several serious health problems are related to​ homelessness: mental health​ problems, malnutrition, substance abuse​ problems, HIV/AIDS,​ tuberculosis, bronchitis and​ pneumonia, environmental​ emergencies, wounds, and skin infections. But a special consideration for women who are homeless is that they may be victims of domestic and sexual abuse.

Question 12

H-12) Which of the following statements best describes an​ EMT's responsibility when the EMT suspects that a child has been​ abused? A. Accuse the suspected​ abuser, and notify child protective services to remove the child from the home. B. Notify the appropriate authorities and the medical personnel who will be assuming care of the patient. C. Report your suspicions to the​ patient's family doctor. D. Request an ALS response to manage the situation.

Accepted Answer

B. Notify the appropriate authorities and the medical personnel who will be assuming care of the patient. It is the responsibility of the EMT to follow your​ state's law. As with any suspected case of abuse or​ neglect, do not make accusations. Do your best to get the patient out of the​ environment, and report your suspicions according to the requirements of your​ jurisdiction, at a minimum to the receiving physician.

Question 13

``` PT-1) You are called to the residence of a child who has a feeding tube. You are unfamiliar with feeding tubes and how they might affect your care of the child. What is the best resource for quickly learning about the specific feeding tube this patient​ has? A. Your partner B. Dispatch C. The user guide for the feeding tube D. The​ child's parents ```

Accepted Answer

D. The​ child's parents

Question 14

``` PT-2) What makes patients with special challenges especially vulnerable to various forms of​ abuse? A. Their age B. Their access to information C. Their dependence on others D. Their need for special devices ```

Accepted Answer

C. Their dependence on others

Question 15

``` PT-3) You are caring for a patient with special medical challenges at her home. The patient is noncommunicative. Which of the following is likely to be the best source of information about the advanced medical devices found in the​ home? A. The patient B. Medical direction C. You and your partner D. The family ```

Accepted Answer

D. The family

Question 16

PT-4) Restraining a patient with​ autism: A. is the best way to keep the patient calm. B. should always be done before transport. C. is up to the​ patient's parents or care provider. D. should be a last resort.

Accepted Answer

D. should be a last resort.

Question 17

PT-5) Which populations are disproportionately represented among the​ homeless? A. Families B. People who are homeless by choice C. Veterans and minorities D. People who choose to avoid homeless shelters

Accepted Answer

C. Veterans and minorities

Question 18

``` PT-6) Developmental disorders that​ affect, among other​ things, one's abilities to​ communicate, report medical​ conditions, self-regulate​ behaviors, and interact with others to get needs met​ are: A. bariatrics. B. cognitive disabilities. C. autistic spectrum disorders. D. neuromuscular disorders. ```

Accepted Answer

C. autistic spectrum disorders

Question 19

``` PT-7) The branch of medicine that deals with the causes of obesity as well as its prevention and treatment​ is: A. geriatrics. B. bariatrics. C. obstetrics. D. pediatrics. ```

Accepted Answer

B. bariatrics.

Question 20

``` PT-8) A terminal illness is​ often: A. swift. B. easily managed. C. reversible. D. costly. ```

Accepted Answer

D. costly.

Question 21

PT-9) Which of the following statements best describes the reason why EMS providers should be knowledgeable about patients with special​ challenges? A. EMS providers are involved in routine home healthcare of patients with special medical challenges. B. EMTs must be able to make emergency repairs or adjustments to​ life-sustaining equipment. C. A public health function of EMS is to make routine checks of specialized medical devices. D. The​ patient's preexisting condition can complicate and quickly overwhelm your ability to assess and treat the patient.

Accepted Answer

D. The​ patient's preexisting condition can complicate and quickly overwhelm your ability to assess and treat the patient.

Question 22

PT-10) If you were transporting a patient still attached to a​ ventilator, which of the following would you not​ do? A. Firmly affix the ventilator to the stretcher B. Obtain extra help if a​ bag-valve mask will be used during transport C. Assume that any ventilator will have enough battery for most ambulance trips D. Secure the​ ventilator, to prevent movement in the ambulance

Accepted Answer

C. Assume that any ventilator will have enough battery for most ambulance trips

Question 23

PT-11) Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a sign of abuse or​ neglect? A. The patient is kept in a dark back​ room, and is unwashed and undernourished. B. A patient has multiple injuries in various stages of healing. C. The story of a​ patient's injury is inconsistent with the injury itself. D. A​ patient's tracheostomy tube requires suctioning to clear it of secretions.

Accepted Answer

D. A​ patient's tracheostomy tube requires suctioning to clear it of secretions.

Question 24

PT-12) A patient with vision​ impairment: A. can often navigate familiar environments without help. B. has a congenital disorder. C. requires a cane or service animal. D. should be restrained to avoid injury.

Accepted Answer

A. can often navigate familiar environments without help.

Question 25

PT-13) Which of the following statements regarding management of obese patients is​ true? A. Laying the patient supine often results in hyperventilation syndrome. B. They require a tidal volume of 20​ ml/kg of body weight. C. They may present special challenges during lifting and moving. D. CPAP is contraindicated in morbidly obese patients.

Accepted Answer

C. They may present special challenges during lifting and moving.

Question 26

PT-14) As a general​ rule, what action should you take when you encounter medical technology with which you are not familiar when caring for a​ patient? A. Turn off the equipment in preparation for transport. B. Take the equipment with the patient. C. Disable any alarms on the equipment in preparation for transport. D. Ask the patient and caregivers about the device.

Accepted Answer

D. Ask the patient and caregivers about the device.

Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

CH 37 Emergencies for Patients with Special Challenges Flashcards

Brainscape's Knowledge Genome^TM