Question 1

``` H-1) In a greenstick​ fracture, the break​ is: A. incomplete. B. straight through the bone. C. through the skin. D. in several places. ```

Accepted Answer

A. incomplete

Question 2

``` H-2) A muscle injury resulting from overstretching or overexertion of the muscle is​ a: A. dislocation. B. fracture. C. sprain. D. strain. ```

Accepted Answer

D. strain.

Question 3

``` H-3) When the end of a bone is involved in forming a​ ball-and-socket joint, it will​ be: A. rounded. B. angled. C. sharp. D. flat. ```

Accepted Answer

A. rounded. When the end of a bone is involved in forming a​ ball-and-socket joint, it will be rounded to allow for rotational movement. This rounded​ end, called the head of the​ bone, is connected to the shaft by the neck.

Question 4

``` H-4) The muscles that are of chief concern in trauma and musculoskeletal injury are the​ ________, or​ voluntary, muscles. A. cardiac B. involuntary C. skeletal D. smooth ```

Accepted Answer

C. skeletal The muscles that are of chief concern in trauma and musculoskeletal injury are the​ skeletal, or​ voluntary, muscles. These muscles control all conscious or deliberate motions. The skeletal or voluntary muscles include all the muscles that are connected to​ bones, as well as the muscles in the​ tongue, pharynx, and upper esophagus.

Question 5

``` H-5) Your patient fell from the roof of a​ one-story building and landed​ flat-footed. Damage to the​ patient's knees would most likely be the result​ of: A. direct force. B. rotational force. C. indirect force. D. twisting force. ```

Accepted Answer

C. indirect force In this​ case, injuries to the​ patient's knees as well as​ femurs, pelvis, and spine would be the result of indirect force from the impact with the​ ground, whereas direct force would likely cause injuries to the feet and ankles.

Question 6

H-6) Most injuries to the upper extremities are caused​ by: A. assault or abuse. B. athletic injuries. C. forces applied to an outstretched arm. D. penetrating trauma.

Accepted Answer

C. forces applied to an outstretched arm Forces applied to an outstretched arm are the most common cause of upper extremity injuries

Question 7

``` H-7) You are summoned to the aid of a​ 45-year-old male who was hunting and fell from a tree stand. When you​ arrive, he is experiencing severe pain in his lower right thigh. On​ examination, you find that an area about three inches above his right knee has an open wound about one inch in diameter that is bleeding minimally. There are no exposed​ bones, but you palpate crepitus and see swelling that makes you suspect bone fracture. You would you classify this as​ a(n): A. open extremity injury. B. sprain. C. closed extremity injury. D. dislocation. ```

Accepted Answer

A. open extremity injury This would be classified as an open extremity​ injury, which is an extremity injury in which the skin has been broken or torn through from the inside by an injured bone or from the outside by something that has caused a penetrating wound with associated injury to the bone

Question 8

``` H-8) A patient has been exercising too​ much, which has led to a muscle injury in his right shoulder due to too much strenuous activity involving that muscle. This is​ a: A. sprain. B. fracture. C. strain. D. dislocation. ```

Accepted Answer

C. strain

Question 9

H-9) Your patient fractured her right wrist in a motor vehicle collision. You notice​ swelling, redness, and tenderness distal to the site. The patient is wearing a ring and a bracelet. The ring slides off her finger easily but the bracelet is tight against the swelling. You​ should: A. slide off the ring and cut off the bracelet. B. leave both the ring and bracelet in place. C. cut off the bracelet but leave the ring in place. D. slide off the ring but leave the bracelet in place.

Accepted Answer

A. slide off the ring and cut off the bracelet When bones break and soft tissue is​ torn, bleeding causes swelling that may increase the proportions of a deformity.​ Rings, watches, and other jewelry can easily constrict and injure underlying tissue.​ Therefore, slide or cut them off as soon as possible if swelling is likely to occur.

Question 10

``` H-10) Which of the following is one of the​ "six Ps" of assessing compromise to an extremity when a musculoskeletal injury is​ suspected? A. Putrescence B. Pressure C. Proximity D. Probability ```

Accepted Answer

B. Pressure Pressure is one of the​ "six Ps" of assessing compromise to an extremity when a musculoskeletal injury is suspected. The others are​ pain, pallor,​ paresthesia, pulses, and paralysis.

Question 11

H-11) When treating a patient with musculoskeletal​ injuries, after addressing any​ life-threatening conditions,​ splint: A. injuries to the legs. B. injuries to the arms. C. any suspected extremity fracture. D. any fracture that has broken the skin.

Accepted Answer

C. any suspected extremity fracture

Question 12

H-12) Why should you not let a grotesque but relatively minor extremity injury sidetrack you or the patient when assessing a patient with musculoskeletal​ injuries? A. The pain or terrible appearance of an extremity injury may distract the patient and you from awareness of other injuries or symptoms. B. ​It's important to remember where you are in the assessment process to make sure you follow the steps correctly. C. You will treat any musculoskeletal injury the same​ way, and so​ it's wrong to assign importance to injuries based on appearance. D. The more apparently gruesome an injury​ is, the less likely it is to actually be serious.

Accepted Answer

A. The pain or terrible appearance of an extremity injury may distract the patient and you from awareness of other injuries or symptoms In cases of severe extremity​ trauma, injuries can be very obvious.​ However, when treating trauma​ patients, your priority must be to rapidly identify and treat​ life-threatening conditions first. Do not let a grotesque but relatively minor extremity injury sidetrack you - or the patient. The pain or terrible appearance of an extremity injury may distract the patient from awareness of other injuries or​ symptoms, such as abdominal pain from internal bleeding. Be sure to assess the patient fully and ask appropriate questions to avoid missing other injuries.

Question 13

H-13) As you care for a patient with a possible lower leg​ injury, you should assess the distal​ pulse, motor​ function, and​ sensation: A. only before applying a splint to the leg. B. both before and after applying a splint to the leg. C. every 5 minutes until arrival at the hospital. D. only after the application of a splint to the leg.

Accepted Answer

B. both before and after applying a splint to the leg It is important for the EMT to check the​ patient's distal​ pulses, motor​ function, and sensation both before and after splinting bone and joint injuries. Document your findings in the prehospital care report.

Question 14

H-14) If the primary assessment reveals an unstable​ patient, splinting of individual extremity​ injuries: A. must be done with a traction splint applied to all injured extremities as soon as possible. B. becomes a low priority. C. must be done for each individual injury site before transport. D. is done during the assessment of circulation during the primary assessment.

Accepted Answer

B. becomes a low priority If the primary assessment reveals that the patient is​ unstable, management of individual extremity injuries becomes a low priority. Do not waste time splinting each injury individually. Wasting time splinting individual injuries is often called​ "splinting the patient to​ death."

Question 15

``` H-15) You are treating a​ 17-year-old female who fell while playing basketball. Her right thigh is​ painful, swollen, and deformed. She is in considerable pain. The most appropriate device for splinting her injury would be​ a: A. inflatable splint. B. pneumatic​ anti-shock garment. C. traction splint. D. pair of long board splints. ```

Accepted Answer

C. traction splint When a patient has a suspected isolated femur fracture​ (painful, swollen, and deformed​ thigh, and a leg that is flexed and will not​ straighten), the most appropriate splint is the traction splint

Question 16

H-16) If a commercial pelvic splint is not​ available, the next best alternative​ is: A. backboard straps and a long wooden splint. B. a pelvic wrap improvised from a sheet. C. a sling and swathe. D. cot straps and a backboard.

Accepted Answer

B. a pelvic wrap improvised from a sheet If a commercial pelvic splint is not​ available, an improvised pelvic wrap may be applied using a sheet.

Question 17

PT-1) To stabilize a hip​ fracture, how should you bind the legs​ together? A. Place a folded blanket between the​ patient's legs and bind the legs together with wide​ straps, Velcro-equipped​ straps, or wide cravats. B. Secure the patient to a long spine board and then bind the​ patient's ankles together with a wide strap or​ Velcro-equipped strap. C. Place the patient on a long spine board and bind the​ patient's legs against the board with wide cravats or straps. D. Place the patient on an orthopedic stretcher and then bind the ankles and thighs to the stretcher with wide straps.

Accepted Answer

A. Place a folded blanket between the​ patient's legs and bind the legs together with wide​ straps, Velcro-equipped​ straps, or wide cravats.

Question 18

PT-2) For a​ high-priority, unstable patient with musculoskeletal​ injuries, you​ should: A. apply a cervical collar and then splint specific injuries before transport. B. splint specific injuries before transport. C. position the patient on the less injured side and then​ "load and​ go." D. immobilize the whole body on a long spine board and​ "load and​ go."

Accepted Answer

D. immobilize the whole body on a long spine board and​ "load and​ go." (Page 910)

Question 19

``` PT-3) The humerus is an example of​ a(n): A. appendicular bone. B. irregular bone. C. axial bone. D. flat bone. ```

Accepted Answer

A. appendicular bone

Question 20

PT-4) What is the primary concern about a splint that is applied too​ loosely? A. It could cause pressure sores to develop from skin rubbing against the splint. B. It could allow the bone fragments to​ move, which could cause further damage. C. The splint will cut off distal circulation. D. The patient will lose motor function in that extremity.

Accepted Answer

B. It could allow the bone fragments to​ move, which could cause further damage.

Question 21

PT-5) The first step in the progression of compartment syndrome is​ that: A. cellular damage occurs and causes additional swelling. B. pressure and swelling caused by bleeding within a muscle compartment become so great that the body can no longer perfuse the tissues against the pressure. C. a fracture or crush injury causes bleeding or swelling in an extremity. D. blood flow to the area is​ lost, and the limb itself may be lost if the pressure is not relieved.

Accepted Answer

C. a fracture or crush injury causes bleeding or swelling in an extremity. Page 905

Question 22

``` PT-6) A fracture that results in multiple bone pieces at the fracture site is termed​ a: A. crush fracture. B. spiral fracture. C. fracture dislocation. D. comminuted fracture. ```

Accepted Answer

D. comminuted fracture. Page 903

Question 23

PT-7) Which of the following is the best sign of a pelvic​ injury? A. Pain in the​ pelvis, significant mechanism of​ injury, obvious deformity B. Significant mechanism of​ injury, pain in the​ back, no obvious deformity C. Rotational injury to the​ spine, no pain in the pelvis or obvious deformity D. Pain in the​ pelvis, no significant mechanism of injury

Accepted Answer

A. Pain in the​ pelvis, significant mechanism of​ injury, obvious deformity

Question 24

PT-8) To see the effect of direct​ force, you would look​ at: A. areas adjacent to the point of impact. B. all areas of the​ patient's body. C. the area of the point of impact. D. any part of the patient that could have rotated from the impact.

Accepted Answer

C. the area of the point of impact.

Question 25

PT-9) The first effects of a bone injury are swelling of soft tissue​ and: A. tearing of cartilage connected to the bone. B. strain of muscles and sprain of ligaments associated with the bone. C. referred pain from the injury to associated muscle and bone groups. D. the formation of a blood clot in the area of the fracture.

Accepted Answer

D. the formation of a blood clot in the area of the fracture.

Question 26

P-10) A 22-year-old female patient slipped running down​ stairs, and has injured her right tibia and fibula. You have used an air splint to splint the injury. To test the​ splint, you​ can: A. drum your fingers briefly on the side of the splint. B. gently brush the length of the split with your fingertips. C. see if you can cause a slight dent in the plastic with fingertip pressure. D. ask the patient if the splint is tight enough without being painful.

Accepted Answer

C. see if you can cause a slight dent in the plastic with fingertip pressure.

Question 27

``` P-11) When palpating a fracture site on a​ patient's mid-thigh, you notice a grating sensation. This is known​ as: A. crepitus. B. stridor. C. bone grind. D. thrill. ```

Accepted Answer

A. crepitus

Question 28

``` PT-12) A fracture may be classified​ as: A. common or uncommon. B. simple or complex. C. total or partial. D. open or closed. ```

Accepted Answer

D. open or closed.

Question 29

PT-13) If you see angulation when assessing a​ patient, then: A. the patient is bending the knees or arms. B. a bone or bones are out of anatomical position. C. the​ patient's distal pulse must be reassessed. D. splinting is unlikely to be of assistance.

Accepted Answer

B. a bone or bones are out of anatomical position.

Question 30

``` PT-14) In a dislocation, what structures other than the joint capsule are likely to be​ injured? A. Muscles B. Ligaments C. Skin and subcutaneous tissue D. Tendons ```

Accepted Answer

B. Ligaments

Question 31

PT-15) When treating a patient with an open musculoskeletal injury to the​ thigh, how would you best treat the open​ wound? A. Cover the open wound with a sterile​ dressing, pack it with​ ice, and wrap it with​ self-adhesive bandages. B. Cover the open wound with a sterile​ dressing, elevate the​ extremity, and apply a cold pack to the area to help reduce swelling. C. Cover the wound with bulky​ dressings, keep the extremity​ level, and transport immediately. D. Splint the​ wound, cover it with compression​ bandages, and transport as soon as possible.

Accepted Answer

B. Cover the open wound with a sterile​ dressing, elevate the​ extremity, and apply a cold pack to the area to help reduce swelling.

Question 32

``` PT-16) A​ 14-year-old girl has fallen from her bicycle. She sustained injuries when she landed with her arm extended to catch her fall. According to the principles of indirect mechanisms of​ injury, which of the following bones is least likely to have been injured in this​ fall? A. Ulna B. Thoracic vertebra C. Clavicle D. Radius ```

Accepted Answer

B. Thoracic vertebra

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CH 32 Musculoskeletal Trauma Flashcards

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