CH 41 EMS Response to Terrorism Flashcards
H-1) Packaging or producing a material, such as a chemical, biological, or radiological agent, so it can be used as a weapon is: A. weaponization. B. contamination. C. permeation. D. dissemination.
A. weaponization.
Weaponization is packaging or producing a material, such as a chemical, biological, or radiological agent, so it can be used as a weapon.
H-2) In addition to biological, nuclear, radiological, and explosive, which of the following is a recognized category of weapons of mass destruction? A. Chemical B. Physical C. Flammable D. Microscopic
A. Chemical
The mnemonic CBRNE is used to remember the following types of weapons of mass destruction: chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive.
H-3) Staying current on vaccinations is:
A. a means of achieving distance from contaminated areas.
B. a type of shielding.
C. a way of reducing time of exposure to a biological agent.
D. a way to identify an etiological agent.
B. a type of shielding.
Staying current on vaccinations provides shielding in the event of exposure to a biological agent.
H-4) The CBRNE agents are all: A. explosive. B. chemical. C. hazardous. D. biological.
C. hazardous.
The CBRNE agents are considered to be technological hazardous agents a broad field, of which HAZMATs are a subcategory.
H-5) Determining the lethal air blast range of an explosive is a factor involved in determining:
A. a safe amount of time to spend on scene.
B. an appropriate type of shielding to use.
C. a safe distance from exposure to harm.
D. what type of explosive is involved.
C. a safe distance from exposure to harm.
Determining the lethal air blast range of an explosive is a factor involved in determining a safe distance from exposure to harm.
H-6) Emergency Medical Responders are targets of a terrorist attack: A. often. B. rarely. C. always. D. never.
A. often.
H-7) A secondary device is designed to: A. go off if the first device fails. B. go off at the same time as the first device. C. go off at a second location. D. target emergency responders.
D. target emergency responders.
A secondary device is designed to target emergency responders who respond to the scene of the primary device.
H-8) Which of the following should make you suspect a possible terrorism event?
A. A multivehicle crash
B. A non-trauma mass-casualty incident
C. Multiple environmental emergencies at a concert event
D. A plane crash
B. A non-trauma mass-casualty incident
H-9) You are dispatched to an incident where multiple victims have been exposed to a nerve agent. This is: A. an explosive event. B. a biological event. C. a radiological event. D. a chemical event.
D. a chemical event.
Nerve agents are chemical agents
H-10) The most effective and most common means of dissemination is to enable the material to enter through the: A. eyes. B. respiratory tract. C. digestive system. D. skin.
B. respiratory tract.
The most effective and most common means of dissemination is to enable the material to enter through the respiratory tract.
H-11) Numerous patients in the same area have all contracted a particularly virulent form of anthrax. This is: A. radiological harm. B. etiological harm. C. chemical harm. D. thermal harm.
B. etiological harm.
Etiology concerns the causes of disease - whether it comes from disease-causing organisms such as bacteria and viruses, or toxins derived from living organisms.
H-12) Which of the following types of radiation is the most penetrating type of radiation, able to travel very long distances, and against which an effective shielding is lead? A. Neutron B. Alpha C. Gamma D. Beta
C. Gamma
Gamma radiation, or X-ray radiation, is the most penetrating type of radiation, and can travel very long distances, although lead can shield against it.
H-13) The primary harm from a nuclear explosion is: A. thermal. B. chemical. C. radiological. D. psychological.
A. thermal.
Nuclear explosions cause thermal and mechanical primary harm.
H-14) The primary harm from radiological materials is: A. chemical. B. radiological. C. thermal. D. mechanical.
B. radiological.
H-15) What chemical agent considerations are affected by genetic factors of the target? A. Physical considerations B. Volatility considerations C. Toxicologic considerations D. Chemical considerations
C. Toxicologic considerations
Not all individuals of a species react in the same way to a given amount of agent. Some are more or less sensitive as a result of various factors, including genetic background, race, and age. Therefore, some agents may be more or less toxic to a certain group of people. Physical, volatile, and chemical considerations are all dependent on the characteristics of the chemical, not the target.
H-16) Which of the following signs and symptoms of nerve agent poisoning are related to a body system other than the GI tract? A. Salivation B. Miosis C. Emesis D. Defecation
B. Miosis
Miosis is abnormal contraction of the pupils, which is unrelated to the GI tract. Defecation (relaxation of the anal sphincter), emesis (vomiting), and salivation (stimulation of the salivary glands) are all effects of a nerve agent on the GI tract.
H-17) Which of the following scenarios would be most suggestive of the use of a biological weapon of mass destruction?
A. Immediate onset of signs and symptoms following exposure
B. Increased rates of cancer and birth defects beginning months after exposure, lasting for years
C. Increasing numbers of people over a period of several days complaining of fever, weakness, and diarrhea
D. Several people in a single location with a sudden onset of coughing, wheezing, and burning, watering eyes
C. Increasing numbers of people over a period of several days complaining of fever, weakness, and diarrhea
Biological agents, once introduced, tend to spread from one person to another, accounting for the increasing number of patients over time. Fever is an indication of infection.
H-18) Weaponized agents that spread through human-to-human contact are likely: A. biologic agents. B. thermal agents. C. radiological agents. D. explosive agents.
A. biologic agents.
H-19) Which of the following is a measure of radiation dosage? A. Rem B. Milliliter C. Watt D. Milligram
A. Rem
Roentgen equivalent (in) man, or rem, is a measure of radiation dosage.
H-20) The radioactive material in an Radiologic Dispersal Device is least likely to be sourced from: A. radiological cameras. B. industrial processes. C. medical waste. D. the military.
D. the military.
Medical waste, radiological cameras, and sources from industrial processes such as food sterilization are all common sources for radiological materials that can cause injury. The military is an unlikely source for such material.
H-21) Robots are used to do what with incendiary devices? A. Photograph them B. Transport them C. Detonate them D. Deactivate them
D. Deactivate them
A specialized truck contains equipment for handling explosives, including a robot that can be rolled out to deactivate an explosive device, allowing crew members to remain at a safe distance.
H-22) A person exposed to an explosion is vomiting blood, which makes you suspect: A. brain injury. B. lung injury. C. abdominal injury. D. ear injury.
C. abdominal injury.
Blast abdominal injury should be suspected in anyone exposed to an explosion who has abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting of blood, testicular pain, unexplained hypovolemia, or any findings suggestive of an acute abdomen.
H-23) A patient presents with breathing difficulty, a cough, and chest pain following a blast exposure. You suspect: A. ear injury. B. lung injury. C. abdominal injury. D. brain lung.
B. lung injury.
Blast lung should be suspected for anyone with breathing difficulty, cough, or chest pain, or who is coughing up blood, following blast exposure.
H-24) Which of the following is NOT a TRACEM-P harm? A. Thermal B. Chemical C. Radiological D. Exposure
D. Exposure
Etiological, not exposure, is the “E” in TRACEM-P. Understand what kind of harm is most likely to result from any given type of terrorist weapon or agent, and focus your self-protective measures accordingly.
H-25) The role of the EMT in notifying support agencies of a potential terrorism event is:
A. an initial radio transmission reporting your suspicions.
B. contacting support agencies at the local level.
C. telling medical direction that a bomb has been located.
D. contacting support agencies at the federal level.
A. an initial radio transmission reporting your suspicions.
It is not the on-scene EMT’s responsibility to perform notification functions of a terrorism event. Notification is usually done by a dispatch center or emergency operations center. However, an initial radio report by an EMT is often the “trigger event” that starts the notification process.
PT-1) Executing rapid entries into a danger zone to perform rescues is an example of:
A. maximizing distance from the hazard area.
B. limiting time of exposure.
C. identifying the scope of a hazard.
D. using appropriate shielding.
B. limiting time of exposure.
PT-2) Signs of blast lung usually present:
A. at the time of secondary assessment or triage.
B. at the time of primary assessment or triage.
C. hours after the blast.
D. days after the blast.
B. at the time of primary assessment or triage.
PT-3) A secondary device targets: A. the military. B. politicians. C. responders. D. communications structures.
C. responders.
PT-4) The relative ease with which the microorganisms involved in a biological agent establish themselves in a host species is that agent's: A. virulence. B. infectivity. C. incubation period. D. toxicity.
B. infectivity.
PT-5) If a terrorist wanted to sabotage a nuclear facility, they would most likely target a facility at a: A. nuclear power plant. B. hospital. C. military base. D. university.
D. university.
PT-6) The most effective way to disseminate most CBRNE materials is through: A. absorption. B. injection. C. ingestion. D. inhalation.
D. inhalation.
PT-7) You are told that a number of victims at a terrorism event have suffered severe physical trauma, including soft tissue and musculoskeletal injuries. In addition to this mechanical harm, you also suspect: A. radiological harm. B. psychological harm. C. chemical harm. D. etiological harm.
B. psychological harm.
PT-8) The more volatile a chemical agent is, the greater the:
A. explosive potential.
B. time it will remain on a surface area.
C. airborne concentration that will be released.
D. thermal and mechanical harm.
C. airborne concentration that will be released.
