CH 40 Highway Safety and Vehicle Extrication Flashcards
H-1) Yours is the first unit to arrive on the scene of a highway accident during a storm. There are several vehicles and patients involved, and visibility is poor. Your first action should be to:
A. announce on the PA that all patients should stay where they are.
B. establish command and confirm the exact location with dispatch.
C. begin care for the most critical patient.
D. remain in the vehicle until the weather improves.
B. establish command and confirm the exact location with dispatch.
H-2) If it is safe to do so, which of the following is recommended to minimize traffic congestion at a highway accident scene?
A. Turn off all emergency lights on arrival.
B. Park emergency vehicles in a single-file line.
C. Close all lanes of traffic.
D. Immediately remove all patients from the scene.
B. Park emergency vehicles in a single-file line.
To minimize scene congestion, units should park in the same direction and remain in single file, if possible. Larger units should provide upstream blocking, whereas command and EMS units should be downstream in the “safe zone.” Patients should not be removed from the scene prior to completing the primary assessment.
H-3) The vehicle positioned as a blocking apparatus on a three-lane highway should be positioned:
A. downstream to create 1 1/2 - 2 lanes of blockage.
B. with another vehicle angled in a V to block all three lanes downstream of the incident.
C. with another vehicle angled in a V to block all three lanes upstream of the incident.
D. upstream to create 1 1/2 - 2 lanes of blockage.
D. upstream to create 1 1/2 - 2 lanes of blockage.
H-4) The cones or flares channeling traffic around a highway accident should be placed to:
A. cross all lanes of the highway in a straight line.
B. curve from the side of the highway opposite the accident toward the blocking apparatus.
C. move traffic into the correct lane before they reach the edge of the danger zone.
D. point directly at the blocking apparatus in a straight line.
C. move traffic into the correct lane before they reach the edge of the danger zone.
Cones and/or flares should be placed on an angle across the road and around the site. The placement should move approaching traffic into the correct lane before it reaches the edge of the danger zone.
H-5) After positioning your ambulance at an accident scene at night, you should:
A. enter and exit the scene into oncoming traffic.
B. leave the siren on while working the accident scene.
C. shut off the headlights and white response lighting.
D. block as many traffic lanes as possible.
C. shut off the headlights and white response lighting
At night, headlights or flashing lights can temporarily blind drivers who are approaching an emergency scene, preventing them from seeing emergency workers. In this circumstance, reflective safety vests become ineffective. Therefore, drivers of emergency apparatus parked at highway incidents should turn off vehicle headlights. In addition, they should shut off any white response lighting that could blind oncoming drivers.
H-6) Reflective safety vests become ineffective:
A. when bright lights blind oncoming drivers.
B. during vehicle extrication.
C. after positioning cones or flares.
D. at night.
A. when bright lights blind oncoming drivers.
When bright lights such as ambulance headlights blind oncoming drivers, reflective safety vests become ineffective.
H-7) Which of the following always precedes removing a patient from a vehicle unless delay would endanger the patient’s life or that of EMS personnel or another rescuer?
A. Performing the primary assessment
B. Providing care such as splinting fractures
C. Taking a patient history
D. Completing a head-to-toe assessment
A. Performing the primary assessment
Initial patient assessment and care precede removing a patient from a vehicle. However, care such as splinting fractures is not generally done until the patient is removed from the vehicle, unless the patient is otherwise stable. A thorough secondary assessment involving head-to-toe assessment and a patient history can be performed after removal.
H-8) What is the final phase of extrication? A. Gaining access B. Disentanglement C. Terminating the rescue D. Immobilization and extrication
C. Terminating the rescue
Extrication concludes when the operation is terminated. This is the last of the 10 phases of extrication.
H-9) Full turnout gear should be worn: A. at all accident scenes. B. during extrication. C. when landing an EMS helicopter. D. in cold weather.
B. during extrication.
H-10) Which of the following is recommended to protect the patient while extrication is being performed on the vehicle the patient occupies? A. Vinyl gloves B. An aluminized rescue blanket C. Sunglasses D. An athletic helmet
B. An aluminized rescue blanket
An aluminized rescue blanket offers protection from bad weather and flying debris
H-11) What type of access is required when you must use specialized tools to gain access to a patient in a vehicle? A. Simple B. Utility C. Complex D. Assisted
C. Complex
H-12) Which of the following statements regarding airbag safety during displacement of the dash or steering wheel is false?
A. Do not apply heat in the area of the steering wheel hub.
B. Do not displace or remove the steering column until the system has been fully deactivated.
C. Cut or drill into an air bag module.
D. Disconnect the battery cables, starting with the negative terminal.
C. Cut or drill into an air bag module.
H-13) Which of the following methods should be tried first to gain access to a patient in a vehicle?
A. ”Pop” the door with hydraulic spreaders.
B. Break the windshield.
C. Break the rear window.
D. Try all of the doors on the vehicle, to see whether any are unlocked.
D. Try all of the doors on the vehicle, to see whether any are unlocked.
The simplest and quickest method to gain access to a patient in a vehicle is to try all of the vehicle doors. (Try before you pry.)
PT-1) Helmets worn by EMS providers should have: A. subdued colors. B. the Star of Life on them. C. auxiliary lighting capability. D. dark lettering.
B. the Star of Life on them.
PT-2) You park downstream of an accident site on a busy four-lane highway. A fire apparatus has been positioned upstream to block two lanes of traffic. You are parked in the rightmost lane. Cones are placed in a line down the center of the highway, blocking off two lanes, including the lane to your left just outside the driver’s side door. You may exit the vehicle:
A. only if you see no traffic approaching in the side mirror.
B. only when a spotter signals you.
C. only on the passenger’s side.
D. on the driver’s side, after checking approaching traffic in the side mirror.
D. on the driver’s side, after checking approaching traffic in the side mirror.
PT-3) Traffic flow around an accident site on a highway:
A. should be controlled and slowed.
B. is unsafe until a safe zone is created.
C. should only be open to rescue vehicles.
D. should be prevented entirely during incident response.
A. should be controlled and slowed.
PT-4) After using a fire extinguisher to put out all fires on a crashed vehicle, you should next:
A. observe from a safe distance to make sure the fire is fully out.
B. approach the vehicle from a safe direction.
C. fill the vehicle’s interior with a cloud of fire extinguishing agent.
D. call out to patients inside that it is safe to exit the vehicle.
A. observe from a safe distance to make sure the fire is fully out.
PT-5) A vehicle involved in a collision that is at rest on four inflated tires represents:
A. a stabilization risk.
B. no stabilization risk if the parking brake is set.
C. no stabilization risk.
D. no stabilization risk if it is placed in park with the engine off.
A. a stabilization risk.
PT-6) Which of the following is the least rescuers are required to wear when working at an accident scene, day or night?
A. A Level A containment suit
B. Leather gloves
C. ANSI Class 2 traffic safety vests and helmets
D. A HEPA mask
C. ANSI Class 2 traffic safety vests and helmets
PT-7) For maximum visibility at an accident scene at night, emergency vehicles should:
A. turn headlights to the brightest setting.
B. turn red/amber emergency lights off.
C. turn red/amber emergency lights on.
D. turn headlights on.
C. turn red/amber emergency lights on.
PT-8) Prior to stabilizing the vehicle, you would: A. recognize and manage hazards. B. gain access to the patient. C. immobilize and extricate the patient. D. disentangle the patient.
A. recognize and manage hazards.
PT-9) Which of the following accident scenes will likely require additional resources?
A. An accident requiring complex extrication
B. An accident involving a pediatric patient
C. An accident involving an off-duty EMS worker
D. An accident scene with a fatality
A. An accident requiring complex extrication
PT-10) Good hand protection for vehicle extrication is best achieved with:
A. fabric garden gloves.
B. nonlatex examination gloves.
C. disposable vinyl or other synthetic gloves underneath either firefighter’s gloves or leather gloves.
D. work gloves.
C. disposable vinyl or other synthetic gloves underneath either firefighter’s gloves or leather gloves.
PT-11) Which of the following can you NOT do before disentanglement in the vehicle extrication process?
A. Provide a primary assessment
B. Size up the situation
C. Stabilize the vehicle
D. Extricate the patient from the vehicle
D. Extricate the patient from the vehicle
PT-12) Which of the following is the best choice for blocking a highway accident scene and protecting the scene from oncoming traffic? A. EMS helicopter B. Ambulance C. Police vehicle D. Fire apparatus
D. Fire apparatus
PT-13) If it is necessary to disconnect a car's battery, which of the following cables should be cut or removed first? A. Negative B. Red C. Neutral D. Positive
A. Negative
CT-1) If the steering wheel must be displaced during extrication and the airbag has not deployed, which of the following actions is recommended by airbag manufacturers?
A. Secure a long backboard across the steering wheel to deflect the airbag from the patient should it deploy.
B. No action is required; only frontal impact will deploy airbags.
C. Firmly strike the hub of the steering wheel with a mallet to deactivate the airbag before displacing the steering wheel.
D. Disconnect the battery cables.
D. Disconnect the battery cables.
CT-2) Which of the following can serve as appropriate eye protection for an EMT on the scene of an extrication?
A. Plastic face shield of the type used for Standard Precautions
B. Shield of a Firefighter’s helmet
C. Face conforming goggles
D. Prescription eyeglasses
C. Face conforming goggles
CT-3) Which of the following is a common hazard associated with the inner circle of a typical auto extrication?
A. Penetrating injury from extrication tools
B. Broken glass and metal fragments
C. Carbon monoxide poisoning
D. Both A and C
B. Broken glass and metal fragments
CT-4) Which of the following is the EMT's key role at the scene of an auto extrication? A. Rescue technician B. Patient advocate C. Safety officer D. Incident commander
B. Patient advocate
CT-5) Which of the following is the most common type of rescue across the United States? A. Hazardous materials response B. Farm rescue C. Water rescue D. Vehicle rescue
D. Vehicle rescue
CT-6) Which of the following is a good choice for preventing further injury to a patient during auto extrication?
A. Placing your body over the top of the patient
B. Sheet
C. Disposable blanket
D. Aluminized blanket
D. Aluminized blanket
