Question 1

Which of these patients would be categorized as a toddler? 1. 28 month old 2. 4 1/2 y/o 3. 6 month old 4. 48 month old (4 y/o)

Accepted Answer

1. 28 month old ``` Infant - 0-12 months Toddler - 12 - 36 months (1-3 y/o) Pre-School Age - 3 - 5 y/o School Age - 6 - 12 y/o Adolescence - 13-18 y/o Early Adulthood - 19 - 40 y/o Mid Adulthood - 41-60 y/o Late Adulthood - 61 - ```

Question 2

Which attribute of a person would NOT likely work out well in the EMS profession? 1. Being able to adapt to a situation when things become chaotic 2. Inability or no desire to "take charge" 3. Willingness to hold what is learned about patients, good and bad, in confidence 4. Being able to make good decisions with minimal information

Accepted Answer

2. Inability or no desire to "take charge"

Question 3

You have been asked to sit on your service's quality improvement (QI) committee. As a knowledgeable EMT, you recognize that in this role you will be involved in projects that are primarily designed to: 1. Recruit and educate EMTs about the Emergency Medical Services profession 2. Communicate with insurance companies for increased reimbursement 3. Identify and reeducate EMTs who routinely do not provide proper care 4. Develop ways in which the delivery of emergency care can be improved

Accepted Answer

4. Develop ways in which the delivery of emergency care can be improved

Question 4

Which statement about emergency medical services in the United States is true? 1. Each state has control of its own EMS system, independent of the federal government 2. The EMS system is controlled and governed by the National Highway Transport and Safety Administration (NHTSA) 3. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services establishes curricula for all levels of EMS education 4. The federal government oversees all aspects of EMS in the United States

Accepted Answer

2. The EMS system is controlled and governed by the National Highway Transport and Safety Administration (NHTSA)

Question 5

You have arrived at the scene of a medical emergency and find a woman lying on the floor of a grocery store. As you approach her, you know that your FIRST priority as an EMT is: 1. Public safety 2. Personal safety 3. Patient Advocacy 4. Patient Care

Accepted Answer

2. Personal safety

Question 6

What would be a logical project to be undertaken and developed by a quality improvement (QI) committee? 1. Termination of EMTs who are chronically late to work 2. Community fundraiser to raise money for new EMS equipment 3. Monthly continuing education programs in which seldom-used skills are practiced 4. A program by which pay raises are based on performance and attitude

Accepted Answer

3. Monthly continuing education programs in which seldom-used skills are practiced

Question 7

You are by the side of a confused patient who has diabetes and a low blood sugar level. You know that the patient needs orally administered sugar, so you contact medical control and request permission to administer it. This request is an example of: 1. On-line medical direction 2. standing orders 3. off-line medical direction 4. medical cooperation

Accepted Answer

1. On-line medical direction

Question 8

Perfusion is best described as: 1. Delivery of essential products and nutrients to the cells 2. Availability of oxygen in the lungs for movement into the blood 3. An adequate number of white blood cells to carry oxygen to the cells 4. Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood

Accepted Answer

1. Delivery of essential products and nutrients to the cells

Question 9

What is required for normal perfusion to occur? 1. Airway patency, proper amounts of carbon dioxide, and adequate glucose levels 2. Intact breathing, an ample number of red blood cells, and body temperature of 98.6°F 3. Adequate breathing, sufficient numbers of red blood cells, and sufficient heart function 4. Patent airway, sufficient breathing, high amounts of glucose, and good heart function

Accepted Answer

3. Adequate breathing, sufficient numbers of red blood cells, and sufficient heart function

Question 10

What is the BEST description of minute ventilation? 1. Amount of oxygen needed by the body in 1 minute 2. Number of breaths a patient breathes in 1 minute 3. Total milliliters of air moving into and out of the lungs in one breath 4. Amount of air moved into and out of the lungs in 1 minute

Accepted Answer

4. Amount of air moved into and out of the lungs in 1 minute

Question 11

What is the primary way in which oxygen is transported to the cells? 1. White blood cells 2. Platelets 3. Plasma 4. Red Blood Cells

Accepted Answer

4. Red Blood Cells

Question 12

You are caring for a 66-year-old male patient who is severely dehydrated. How does severe dehydration affect the cardiovascular system? 1. It reduces the hemoglobin available to carry O2 2. It slows the production of white blood cells to fight infection 3. It impairs the ability of O2 to diffuse from the lungs to the blood 4. It decreases the blood volume available for circulation

Accepted Answer

4. It decreases the blood volume available for circulation

Question 13

You are checking the oxygen tank in the ambulance and note that the reading on the pressure regulator is 1000 psi. You should recognize that the tank is: 1. Leaking 2. Almost empty 3. Overfilled 4. Half Full

Accepted Answer

4. Half Full

Question 14

When does hypoxia occur? 1. When carbon dioxide is excreted too rapidly from the lungs 2. If inadequate amounts of O2 are available to the cells 3. If the respiratory rate decreases to less than 12 breaths per minute 4. When carbon dioxide accumulates within the body

Accepted Answer

2. If inadequate amounts of O2 are available to the cells

Question 15

What is obstructing the airway when snoring is heard? 1. Fluid in the upper airway 2. The tongue 3. Swelling of the larynx 4. Bronchospasm

Accepted Answer

2. The tongue

Question 16

On arrival at a lethargic patient's side, you note her to have gurgling respirations. What is the BEST treatment for this condition? 1. Jaw-thrust maneuver 2. Suction 3. Oropharyngeal airway 4. Head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver

Accepted Answer

2. Suction

Question 17

In a healthy person, the primary stimulus to breathe is: 1. Diaphragm position 2. Carbon dioxide levels 3. Oxygen levels in the arteries 4. Lung pressures

Accepted Answer

2.Carbon dioxide levels If the body starts to change over (i.e. in a COPD patient), to use the levels of O2 as a drive for respiration, it is called HYPOXIC drive

Question 18

The EMT should use the jaw-thrust maneuver to open the airway for the patient with which type of presentation? 1. Cardiac arrest in bed 2. Overdose with snoring respirations 3. Unresponsive after falling from a porch 4. Stroke with gurgling respirations

Accepted Answer

3. Unresponsive after falling from a porch

Question 19

A patient with chest discomfort has the following vital signs: pulse, 88; respirations, 14 breaths/min; blood pressure, 154/84 mmHg; and pulse-ox of 97% on room air. In this situation, the EMT would address oxygen therapy by: 1. Using a nasal cannula with flow of 4 LPM 2. Providing O2 via a NRB at 15 LPM 3. Administering blow-by O2 at 5 LPM 4. Withholding the use of O2

Accepted Answer

1. Using a nasal cannula with flow of 4 LPM

Question 20

You are transferring an unresponsive patient from her house to the ambulance on the stretcher. An oral airway has been placed and ventilations with the bag-valve mask are being administered. Suddenly, the patient regains consciousness and starts to gag. Your immediate action should be to: 1. Reassure and calm the patient 2. Leave the airway in, but stop ventilations 3. Suction the airway 4. Remove the oral airway

Accepted Answer

4. Remove the oral airway

Question 21

A 21-year-old female patient has overdosed on an unknown drug. She has snoring respirations and has a gag reflex. She has weak respiratory effort and is slightly cyanotic. Given these assessment findings, your care should include: 1. oxygen via nonrebreather face mask 2. transport of the patient in the lateral recumbent (recovery) position 3. placement of an oropharyngeal airway 4. insertion of a nasal airway

Accepted Answer

4. insertion of a nasal airway

Question 22

A 52-year-old male patient who has gone into respiratory arrest, but still has a pulse and blood pressure. You assign the task of ventilating the patient to a new Emergency Medical Responder. How will you instruct him to ventilate the patient? 1. Administer 6-8 breaths per minute 2. Give the patient 18-20 breaths per minute 3. Give the patient 24-26 breaths per minute 4. Deliver 10-12 breaths per minute

Accepted Answer

4. Deliver 10-12 breaths per minute

Question 23

What is the preferred method of providing high-concentration oxygen to a breathing patient in the prehospital setting? 1. Simple face mask 2. Nasal Cannula 3. Nonrebreather facemask 4. Venturi mask

Accepted Answer

3. Nonrebreather facemask

Question 24

What is a benefit of using a humidification system when administering oxygen? 1. Oxygen therapy is less drying to the upper respiratory tract 2. A higher flow rate can be used with a nasal cannula when humidification is added 3. Increased diffusion of oxygen occurs across the respiratory membrane 4. Humidification reduces the chances of respiratory infection

Accepted Answer

1. Oxygen therapy is less drying to the upper respiratory tract

Question 25

A listless and lethargic 84-year-old male patient responds to physical stimuli with garbled speech. His respirations show poor effort and are rapid and labored, with a pulse-ox of 84%. The BEST form of oxygen therapy for this patient would be: 1. Positive pressure ventilation 2. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) 3. Oxygen at 2 lpm via nasal cannula initially and increase the liter flow as needed 4. High-concentration oxygen via a nonrebreather mask

Accepted Answer

1. Positive pressure ventilation

Question 26

A coworker is suffering from post-traumatic stress. Which statement made by you would be the MOST appropriate and beneficial to the coworker? 1. "How about taking a Benadryl before bed to promote restful sleep?" 2. "Maybe you can get the medical director to write a prescription for some medication." 3. "It would be best to take a few weeks off from work." 4. "I think that it would be best if you saw a mental health professional."

Accepted Answer

4. "I think that it would be best if you saw a mental health professional."

Question 27

A patient informs you that he was recently diagnosed with HIV, but has yet to develop AIDS. Given this information, which statement is TRUE? 1. Family members should not share the patient's hand towels or utensils 2. Gloves and eye protection will be enough protection under most conditions unless body fluids are present 3. The hepatitis B and C vaccines provide the EMT with limited protection from transmission of HIV 4. Until the patient develops AIDS, he is not infectious

Accepted Answer

2. Gloves and eye protection will be enough protection under most conditions unless body fluids are present

Question 28

While you are assessing a patient with abdominal pain, the patient informs you that he is a chronic carrier of hepatitis B. His skin is not jaundiced, nor does he have a fever. As an EMT, you realize: 1. A mask must be placed over the patient's mouth 2. The patient's blood and body fluids are infectious 3. The hepatitis B vaccine will not protect you if you are exposed to the virus 4. The patient has the disease but is not infectious

Accepted Answer

2. The patient's blood and body fluids are infectious Page 32

Question 29

You are accidentally stuck with a needle used to administer a medication to a patient. Which statement is true? 1. You need to report the needle stick to your supervisor as soon as possible 2. You have complete protection from hepatitis B and no further action is needed 3. You have two weeks from the time of exposure to start medical care for a potential infection 4. You will have to get another series of three vaccines to give you protection in the future

Accepted Answer

1. You need to report the needle stick to your supervisor as soon as possible

Question 30

You are treating a patient with active tuberculosis. What will afford you the BEST protection from the disease while you care for the patient? 1. Purified protein derivative injection 2. High-efficiency filtered mask 3. Surgical mask with a face shield 4. Gloves, gown, and goggles

Accepted Answer

2. High-efficiency filtered mask

Question 31

A 38-year-old male is complaining of generalized weakness and fatigue. Assessment findings include abdominal pain, fever, and yellowing of the eyes. Given these signs and symptoms, you would be suspicious of 1. West Nile Virus 2. Tuberculous 3. AIDS 4. Hepatitis

Accepted Answer

4. Hepatitis

Question 32

A young girl with end-stage cancer is unresponsive, not breathing, and pulseless. Her mother and father are by her side, both crying as you start resuscitation. Which statement indicates the MOST appropriate thing you could say to the parents as you begin? 1. "It is important not to cry since she may still be able to hear you and needs you to be strong for her." 2. "If you feel comfortable, it's okay to stay and watch how we care for your daughter." 3. "I think that it would be best for you both to leave the room so we can care for your daughter." 4. "I can show you how to do chest compressions so that you can take part in caring for your daughter."

Accepted Answer

2. "If you feel comfortable, it's okay to stay and watch how we care for your daughter."

Question 33

A reaction to death or dying where the patient asserts "Not me!" is recognized as which stage of grieving? 1. Depression 2. Denial 3. Bargaining 4. Anger

Accepted Answer

2. Denial

Question 34

You are assessing a 61-year-old male patient who is confused. During the primary assessment, you cannot locate a radial pulse. Your immediate action should be to 1. Apply the AED 2. Check for a carotid pulse 3. Call for ALS assistance 4. Start CPR

Accepted Answer

2. Check for a carotid pulse

Question 35

A blood pressure is reported as 116/68 mmHg. Given this finding, which of these statements is true? 1. The diastolic blood pressure is 116 mmHg 2. The systolic blood pressure is 116 mmHg 3. The systolic pressure is determined by subtracting 68 from 116 4. The top number reflects the diastolic blood pressure

Accepted Answer

2. The systolic blood pressure is 116 mmHg

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