Week 2 (Function of Organelles) Flashcards
Cells and Tissues
Function of the ‘Cell Membrane’
Covered with carbohydrates- recognises other cells. Phospholipid Bilayer- double layer of molecules, protein embedded. Selective permeable
Function of the ‘Nucleus’
Brain of the cell, contains chromosomes DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
Function of the ‘Cytoplasm’
Fluid that fills the cell, 40% of body weight is intercellular fluid. Contains, organelles, glucose, ions and proteins.
Function of the ‘Mitochondria’
Responsible for cellular respiration.
Energy extraction from food, stored as ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
Function of the ‘Lysosomes’
Digest material taken in by phagocytosis/ endocytosis
Function of the ‘Ribosomes’
Site of protein synthesis
Function of the ‘Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum’
Transports and adds structure to the proteins
Function of the ‘Golgi Body’
Modification of proteins for their final destination, formation of lysosomes
Function of the ‘Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum’
Synthesis and transport of lipids and steroids
Function of the ‘Vacuole’
Removes waste products, maintains cell pH level and stores water and other nutrients.
Function of the ‘Centrioles’
Organises the microtubules that make up the cell’s skeletal system
Forms the centrosome in cell division
Function of the ‘Flagella’
Allows propelling for certain cells (spermatozoa) - extension of cell membrane
Function of the ‘Cilia’
collection of low smaller wavelike movements over cell surface, moves debris/ fluid
State the difference between simple and facilitated diffusion.
Simple- moves molecules from a high to low concentration- without carrier/ proteins
Facilitated- moves molecules from a low to high concentration- attaches to a carrier protein.
State the difference between active and passive transport.
Active- moves molecules from a low to high concentration- requires carrier/ energy (ATP ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE).
Passive- moves molecules from a high to low concentration- no energy required.
