Water + pH Flashcards
What makes water a polar molecule?
The unequal distribution of charges between the oxygen atom and hydrogen atoms.
The oxygen atom has a slightly negative charge, and the hydrogen atoms have a slightly positive charge.
Explain how hydrogen bonds form between water molecules.
An oxygen atom from one water molecule attracts a hydrogen atom from another. The attraction creates a hydrogen bond.
Cohesion
The attraction between molecules of the same substance
Adhesion
The attraction between molecules of different substances
Explain why insects in the pond can walk on water.
Insects can walk on water because of surface tension. Surface tension is the cohesion of water molecules on the surface of a body of water.
Explain how cohesion and adhesion allow capillary action to occur in plants.
Adhesion happens between the water molecules and xylem walls to go up. Cohesion keeps the water molecules together.
Capillary Action
The act of cohesion and adhesion working together.
Suspension
A suspension is a mixture where things aren’t distributed evenly, and there are chunks “suspended”
Solution
A solution is a mixture where everything is distributed evenly and dissolved.
Why might water be considered the universal solvent?
Water is considered to be the universal solvent because of its polarity. It can dissolve many solutes, and some other solvents
How is blood both a solution and a suspension?
Blood is a solution because it has many different molecules mixed evenly. It is also a suspension because there are things like cells.
Define pH scale
The pH scale is a tool to measure the amount of hydrogen atoms in a solution.
Acidic Solution
Acidic solutions have more hydrogen (H+) atoms and less hydroxide (OH-) atoms
Basic Solution
Basic solutions have less hydrogen (H+) atoms and more hydroxide (OH-) atoms
What property of water allows for fish in a pond to survive during cold weather?
Density
Heat Capacity
The maximum amount of heat energy something can absorb before it changes temperatures.
Solvent
a substance that dissolves solutes
Solute
a substance that gets dissolved in a solvent
What type of bond holds the hydrogen atoms to the oxygen atom within an individual water molecule?
Polar covalent bonds
