Karyotypes Flashcards

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1
Q

Karyotypes

A

photographs of chromosomes organized in homologous pairs

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2
Q

What do typical karyotypes look like?

A

There are 23 pairs of chromosomes and each pair has 2.

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3
Q

What do atypical karyotypes look like?

A

One pair out of the 23 pairs is missing or has an additional chromosome

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4
Q

What are chromosomes are pairs 1-22 called?

A

Autosomes

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5
Q

What are the chromosomes in the 23rd pair called?

A

Sex chromosomes

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6
Q

Autosomes

A

chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an organism

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7
Q

Sex chromosomes

A

chromosomes that do determine the sex of an organism

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8
Q

Nondisjunction

A

the failure of chromosomes to separate normally during meiosis

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9
Q

What is the effect of nondisjunction occuring?

A

the gametes will have a missing or additional chromosome. so when a zygote is made, the zygote will have one less or one more than what its supposed to have

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10
Q

Results of nondisjunction

A

monosomy or trisomy

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11
Q

Monosomy

A

when a zygote contains 45 chromosomes due to one of the gametes having a missing one

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12
Q

Trisomy

A

when a zygote contains 47 chromosomes due to one of the gametes having an extra chromosome

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13
Q

Chromosomes of a biological male

A

XY

if there is a Y and it is definitely a male

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14
Q

Chromosomes of a biological female

A

XX or X

as long there is no Y

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15
Q

A sperm contains…

A

an X OR a Y

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