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Biology > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Functions of the Circulatory System

A

transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, remove wastes from tissues, regulate body temperature, and fight against infections

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2
Q

Major parts of the circulatory system

A

blood, blood vessels, heart

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3
Q

What are the main structures that make up blood?

A

plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

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4
Q

Plasma function

A

control body temperature
(water in plasma helps this)

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5
Q

Red blood cell function

A

transport oxygen

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6
Q

White blood cell function

A

fight against bacteria, diseases, viruses, and guard against infections

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7
Q

Platelets function

A

blood clotting

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8
Q

Plasma makes up what percentage of total blood volume?

A

55%

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9
Q

What do red blood cells look like?

A

disks that are thinner in the center than edges

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10
Q

What do white blood cells look like?

A

gold orbs, larger than red blood cells

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11
Q

What do platelets look like?

A

small, pink fragments that come from bone marrow cells

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12
Q

Function of blood

A

transports oxygen, fight diseases/infections, and clot blood

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13
Q

Plasma is 90% what and 10% what?

A

90% water and 10% plasma proteins

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14
Q

blood vessels

A

passages that the blood flows through

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15
Q

Are veins and arteries organs?

A

Yes because they are made up of different types of tissue

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16
Q

arteries

A

blood vessel that bring blood away from the heart

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17
Q

structure of arteries

A

large vessels with thick elastic walls made up of connective tissue, smooth muscle, and endothelium

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18
Q

veins

A

blood vessels that carry deoxygenated air from capillaries toward the heart

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19
Q

structure of veins

A

smaller than artery but bigger than capillaries, contains valves

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20
Q

capillaries

A

blood vessels that allow for the exchange of nutrients and wastes

21
Q

structure of capillaries

A

smallest blood vessel, extremely thin walls that only allow one blood cell at a time

22
Q

Are capillaries organs?

A

No because they are made up of one type of tissue (epithelial)

23
Q

aorta

A

an artery that brings blood from the left ventricle to the capillaries in the rest of the body

24
Q

superior vena cava

A

vein that brings deoxygenated blood from the smaller veins (and capillaries) from the top part of the body toward the right atrium

25
Q

inferior vena cava

A

vein that brings deoxygenated blood from the smaller veins (and capillaries) from the bottom part of the body toward the right atrium

26
Q

What are the three blood vessels?

A

arteries, capillaries, and veins

27
Q

connective tissue

A

the outer covering/layer

28
Q

epithelial tissue

A

inner lining

29
Q

Why do capillaries have thin epithelial tissue?

A

to exchange substances

30
Q

Veins use what to help blood flow/movement?

A

skeletal muscles

31
Q

What blood vessel is under high pressure?

A

artery because it is around thick muscle and closer to the heart and has to pump a lot

32
Q

What blood vessel is under low
pressure?

A

vein because it is thin muscle and further from the heart

33
Q

The 4 chambers of the human heart are?

A

right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

34
Q

Structure of the heart organ

A

connective tissue
myocardium
two layers of epithelial tissue

35
Q

septum

A

the wall that separates the right side from left side (and separates oxygen-rich blood from oxygen-poor)

36
Q

valves

A

flaps of connective tissue that keeps the blood moving in one direction and prevents blood from flowing back

37
Q

Where are valves present in?

A

heart and veins

38
Q

Pulmonary Circuit

A

carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs and oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart.

39
Q

Systemic Circuit

A

carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the cells of the body and deoxygenated blood from the cells back to the heart.

40
Q

Trace the locations of blood starting from the right atrium

A

right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, capillaries (lungs), pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, arteries, capillaries (brain), veins, superior vena cava, right atrium

41
Q

Which side of the heart is oxygenated?

A

left

42
Q

Which side of the heart is deoxygenated?

A

right

43
Q

LORD

A

Left
Oxygenated
Right
Deoxygenated

44
Q

How is gas from the circulatory system exchanged with the respiratory system?

A

blood that is in the capillaries of the lungs has carbon dioxide diffusing out and the oxygen being absorbed by blood

(lungs take in oxygen and excretes carbon dioxide when exhaling)

45
Q

What is the only blood cell that has a nucleus?

A

white blood cells

46
Q

Do red blood cells have a nucleus?

A

no

47
Q

Where are all the blood components produced from?

A

red bone marrow

48
Q

Where is blood oxygenated?

A

capillaries in lungs

Biology (42 decks)

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