Cellular Respiration Flashcards
Structure of ATP
3 phosphate groups, ribose, adenine
Structure of ADP
2 phosphate groups, ribose, adenine
ATP Cycle
ATP releases energy from food and ends up with ADP and P
When energy from food enters ADP and P, ATP is created
Chemical Equation for Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 38 ATP + 6H2O + 6CO2
Reactants of cellular respiration
glucose and oxygen
Where does glucose (reactant of cellular respiration) come from?
the food we eat; from carbohydrates broken down, absorbed into bloodstream and delivered to the cells through the circulatory system
Where does oxygen (reactant of cellular respiration) come from?
the air we breathe; breathe into lungs, to bloodstream and delivered to cells by the circulatory system
Products of Cellular Respiration
ATP, carbon dioxide, water
Where does ATP (product of cellular respiration) go?
used by cells in all processes that require energy
Where does carbon dioxide (product of cellular respiration) go?
breathe it out; delivered to the lungs through the bloodstream by the circulatory system
Where does water (product of cellular respiration) go?
used in cells, breathe it out or release with urine
Three Stages of Cellular Respiration
glycolysis, Kreb’s Cycle, electron transport chain
Where does glycolysis occur?
cytoplasm
Where does the Kreb’s Cycle occur?
mitochondrial matrix
Where does the electron transport chain occur?
inner membrane of the mitochondria
(inner mitochondrial membrane)
What things go into glycolysis?
glucose
What things come out of glycolysis?
2 pyruvic acids (goes to Kreb’s Cycle)
2NADH (goes to ETC)
2 ATP (used by cells)
What things go into the Kreb’s Cycle?
2 pyruvic acids
What things come out of the Kreb’s Cycle?
carbon dioxide (leaves the body cos waste product)
8NADH and 2FADH2 (goes to ETC)
2 ATP (used by cells)
What things go into the electron transport chain?
10NADH and 2FADH2
oxygen
What things come out of the electron transport chain?
water (can be used by other cells, be exhaled out, or released through urine)
34 ATP (used by cells)
Aerobic
requires oxygen
Anaerobic
does not require oxygen
Stages of Cellular Respiration that is Anaerobic
glycolysis, and fermentation if no oxygen
Stages of Cellular Respiration that is Aerobic
Kreb’s Cycle and electron transport chain
Fermentation
takes in glucose and makes lactic acid (humans)
or carbon dioxide and alcohol (animals)
Kreb’s Cycle will only occur if what is present? Why?
oxygen; it’s impossible to continue and pass on to the electron transport chain if no oxygen is present since it’d be waste to go through the cycle with no way to continue?
What stage of cellular respiration takes oxygen DIRECTLY?
Electron Transport Chain
What happens to lactic acid once oxygen is present again?
recycled back into pyruvic acid to be used again
What does oxygen do for the electron transport chain?
pull electrons in
