W14_06 adolescent substance abuse

Question 1

what are the most frequently used substances by adolescents?

Answer 1

alcohol and cannabis;
high caffeinated energy drinks, tobacco, prescription opiod pain relievers, OTC cough/cold meds

Question 2

what’s the ontario student drug use survey?

Answer 2

CAMH’s surveillance program of alcohol, drug use, other health related behaviours among adolescents (gr 7 - 12) in canada, every 2 years since 1977

Question 3

note: males and females are equally likely to use cannabis and alcohol

Answer 3

ok

Question 4

note: alcohol and cannabis use increases significantly with each grade from gr 7 to gr 12

Answer 4

ok

Question 5

note: 30-50% of teens presenting with a substance use disorder will have a concurrent mental health disorder

Answer 5

ok

Question 6

what do we need to diagnose to label someone with concurrent disorder?

Answer 6

both a mental health disorder and substance use disorder concurrently

Question 7

what’s the continuum o fsubstance use?

Answer 7

no use;
experimentation;
regular use;
abuse;
dependence

Question 8

what are the 4 stages of substance dependence? (including ending dependece)

Answer 8

regular use;
physical adaptation;
tolerance;
withdrawal

Question 9

what’s tolerance of a substance?

Answer 9

need to increase amount to achieve desired effect, or diminished effect with same amount

Question 10

what defines substance abuse?

Answer 10

consequences of use;
hazardous situations;
use despite problems

Question 11

what’s the CRAFFT questionnaire for screening substance abuse?

Answer 11

ridden in a CAR by someone who was high?;
use drugs to RELAX, feel secure, or fit in?;
use drugs ALONE?;
FORGET things that were done while using drugs?;
told by FAMILY or friends to cut down?;
gotten in to TROUBLE?

Question 12

note: the adolescent brain is still developing at a time when they’re most likely to initiate substance use

Answer 12

ok

Question 13

note: the prefrontal cortex (inhibition and executive control) takes time to mature between ages 5-20

Answer 13

ok

Question 14

which areas does THC affect in the brain?

Answer 14

hypothalamus (appetite);
amygdala (anxiety);
cerebral cortex (consciousness, hallucinations);
hippocampus (memory);
cerebellum (coordination)

Question 15

note: lower prefrontal volumes correlated with a higher maximum number of drinks per drinking episode

Answer 15

ok

Question 16

what’s the intervention for the abstinence stage of substance use?

Answer 16

positive reinforcement

Question 17

what’s the intervention for the experimentation/regular use stage of substance use?

Answer 17

harm reduction

Question 18

what’s the intervention for the abuse stage of substance use?

Answer 18

brief intervention

Question 19

what’s the intervention for the dependence stage of substance use?

Answer 19

motivational interviewing/referral