Vocab - Deck U Flashcards
It’s lucky you’ve got your keys. I forgot mine.
Heureusement que tu as tes clés. J’ai oublié LES MIENNES.
Decline the French possessive pronoun ‘mine’
Le/ la/ les mien(ne)(s)
Decline the French possessive pronoun ‘yours’ (singular).
Le/ la/ les tien(ne)(s)
Decline the French possessive pronoun ‘his/ hers’.
Le/ la/ les sien(ne)(s)
Decline the French possessive pronoun ‘ours’.
Le/ la/ les nôtre(s)
Decline the French possessive pronoun ‘yours’ (pl).
Le/ la/ les vôtre(s)
Decline the French possessive pronoun ‘theirs’.
Le/ la/ les leur(s)
If you (s) have a problem, you (s) can talk to me about it.
Si tu as un problème, tu peux m’EN parler.
Can you (s) lend me that book? I need it.
Est-ce que tu peux me prêter ce livre? J’EN ai besoin.
He’s got a beautiful garden and is very proud of it.
Il a un beau jardin et il EN est très fier.
I haven’t got any money. Have you (s) got any?
Je n’ai pas d’argent. Tu EN as?
Can you (s) lend me some stamps? No, I need to buy some.
Tu peux me prêter des timbres? Non, je dois EN acheter.
I want two (of them).
J’EN veux deux.
Have you (s) got a dictionary? Yes, I’ve got one.
Est-ce que tu as un dictionnaire? Oui, j’EN ai un.
How many pupils are there in your (s) class? There are thirty.
Combien d’élèves y a-t-il dans ta classe? Il y EN a trente.
Those CDs are mine.
Ces CD-là sont LES MIENS.
Je pensais à l’examen. - Mais, arrête d’y penser!
I was thinking about the exam. - Well, stop thinking about it!
I wasn’t exoecting that. - Well, I was expecting it.
Je ne m’attendais pas à ça. - Moi, je m’Y attendais.
She spends the whole summer there.
Elle Y passe tout l’été.
Look in the drawer. I think the keys are in there.
Regarde dans le tiroir. Je pense que les clés Y sont.
I want some.
J’EN veux.
She talked to me about it.
Elle EN a parlé avec moi.
Are you pleased with it/ them?
EN êtes-vous content?
How do you get there?
Comment fait-on pour Y aller?
Don’t think about it any more.
N’Y pense plus.
Take some
Prenez-EN (note exceptional position of EN after orders and instructions)
Stay there
Restez-Y (note exceptional position of Y after orders and instructions)
Where are Y and EN usually located in a sentence?
Before the verb but after any other direct or indirect pronouns.
Give them some.
Donnez-leur-EN.
He spoke to me about it.
Il m’EN a parlé.
Dominique’s sending it to you (pl) tomorrow.
Dominique VOUS L’envoie demain. (Order of pronouns).
Has he shown them to you (s)?
Il TE LES a montrés? (Order of pronouns).
I read them to him/ her.
Je LES LUI ai lus. (Order of pronouns).
Don’t give it to them.
Ne LA LEUR donne pas. (Order of pronouns).
She didn’t speak to me about it.
Elle ne M’EN a pas parlé. (Order of pronouns).
My brother, who is twenty, is at university.
Mon frère, QUI a vingt ans, est à l’université.
Is there a bus that goes to the town centre?
Est-ce qu’il y a un bus QUI va au centre-ville?
The friends (that) I see most are Léa and Mehdi.
Les amis QUE je vois le plus sont Léa et Mehdi.
The person he is speaking to
La personne à QUI il parle
Les enfants pour QUI j’ai acheté des bonbons
the children I bought the sweets for
The book she is famous for
Le livre POUR LEQUEL elle est connue
The table I put my bag on
La table SUR LAQUELLE j’ai mis mon sac
The woman whose car has broken down
La femme DONT la voiture est en panne
The films you’re talking about
Les films DONT tu parles
It’s me.
C’EST moi.
That was my brother.
C’ÉTAIT mon frère.
It’s them.
CE SONT eux.
When does ce become c’?
When it is followed by a verb starting with e or é.
When does ce become ç’?
When it is followed by a verb starting with a.
It was difficult.
Ç’a été difficile (note cedilla).
What pronoun is used to refer to a statement, idea, etc. that cannot be classed as masculine or feminine?
Ce
It’s/ that’s dangerous.
C’EST dangereux.
It doesn’t matter.
CE n’est pas grave.
It was me who phoned.
C’EST moi qui ai téléphoné (use of CE for emphasis).
It was the children who made the cake.
CE SONT les enfants qui ont fait le gâteau (use of CE for emphasis).
When is ça used instead of cela to mean it, this or that?
In everyday informal French.
It doesn’t matter.
Ça ne fait rien.
Listen to this!
Écoute-moi ça!
Cela dépend.
That/ it depends.
Je n’aime pas cela.
I don’t like that.
Donne-moi ça!
Give me that!
When are il and elle used in preference to ça and cela?
If the noun they are linked to has already been mentioned and is not being introduced (the same reasoning applies to use of ceci).
Ça te plait d’aller à l’étranger?
Do you like going abroad?
Read this.
Lisez CECI.
Prends ceci. Tu en auras besoin.
Take this. You’ll need it.
Celui/celle/ceux and celles are often used before what words?
Qui, que, dont, à, dans and de.
Which dress do you like best? The one in the window.
Quelle robe préférez-vous? CELLE qui est en vitrine.
Take the ones you (s) like best.
Prends CEUX que tu préfères.
the one I told you about
CELUI dont je t’ai parlé
the one near the fountain
CELUI proche de la fontaine
I haven’t got a camera but I can borrow my sister’s.
Je n’ai pas d’appareil-photo mais je peux emprunter CELUI de ma sœur.
Compare your answers with your neighbour’s.
Comparez vos réponses à CELLES de votre voisin.
Which cheese shall we get? This one or that one?
On prend quel fromage? CELUI-CI ou CELUI-LÀ?
These shirts have two pockets but those have none.
Ces chemises ont deux poches mais CELLES-LÀ n’en ont pas.
What is a more empharic way of saying ‘je le veux’?
C’EST MOI qui le veux
We’re getting the 10 o’ clock train.
Nous prenons le train de dix heures.
Decline the present tense of ‘attendre’.
J’attends Tu attends Il/ elle attend Nous attendons Vous attendez Ils/ elles attendent
Where verbs end in -cer, what spelling change is made when conjugating the verb?
The ‘c’ becomes a ‘ç’ before an ‘a’ or an ‘o’. For example ‘nous lançons’.
For verbs ending in -ger, what spelling change is required when conjugating the verb?
‘g’ becomes ‘ge’ before an ‘a’ or an ‘o’. For example ‘nous mangeons’.
What changes are made to verbs ending in -eler when being conjugated?
With the exception of ‘geler’ and ‘peler’, the ‘l’ doubles to ‘ll’ before -e, -es and -ent and lengthens pronunciation of the final syllable. They are sometimes known as “1,2,3,6” verbs as a result.
With verbs such as jeter, which end in -eter, what changes are made as the verb is conjugated?
With the exception of ‘acheter’, the ‘t’ doubles before -e, -es and -ent, and the final syllable is lengthened. These are known as ‘1,2,3,6’ verbs as a result.
With verbs such as ‘nettoyer’, what changes are made to their spelling when conjugating the present tense?
The ‘y’ changes to ‘i’ before -e, -es and -ent.
What spelling change is optional for verbs ending in -ayer when conjugating the present tense?
They can be spelled with either a ‘y’ or an ‘i’ when the verb ends in -e, -es and -ent. Both are correct.
With verbs such as lever, peser and acheter, what spelling change takes place in relation to the ‘e’ before the consonant in the -e, -es and -ent?
The ‘e’ becomes ‘è’ and the syllable is lengthened accordingly.
Conjugate the present tense of ‘avoir’.
Ai, as, a, avons, avez, ont
Conjugate the present tense of ‘être’.
Suis, es, est, sommes, êtes, sont
Conjugate the present tense of ‘faire’.
Fais, fais, fait, faisons, faites, font
Conjugate the present tense of ‘aller’.
Vais, vas, va, allons, allez, vont
Let’s wait for the bus.
Attendons le bus.
When a ‘tu’ form of an imperative comes before ‘en’ or ‘y’, what is the rule that makes the words easier to pronounce?
Exceptionally, the final ‘s’ of the verb is retained and pronounced like a ‘z’ (for example ‘Vas-y’ (Go on!)).
When using the imperative to tell someone NOT to do something, where do you put the object pronoun?
Before the verb. For example ‘ne ME dérange pas’ (don’t disturb me).
When using the imperative, if you are telling someone to DO something, where do you put the object pronoun?
AFTER the verb, joining the pronoun and the verb with a hyphen. For example ‘excusez-moi’ (excuse me).
What are the imperative forms of vouloir?
Veuille, veuillons, veuillez
Be good
Sois sage
Please shut the door
Veuillez fermer la porte
Get up!
Lève-toi!
How does ‘toi’ change when telling someone NOT to do something?
‘Toi’ changes to ‘te’ - for example ‘ne TE lève pas’ as opposed to ‘assieds-toi’.
What can the reflexive pronouns ‘nous’ ‘vous’ and ‘se’ (when used for a plural form of a verb) also translate as?
‘Each other’ and ‘one another’. For example ‘on se voit demain?’ (Shall we see each other tomorrow?).
What notable spelling change takes place when conjugating -cer verbs in the imperfect tense?
The ‘c’ becomes ‘ç’ before ‘a’ and ‘o’. For example ‘je lanÇais’.
What notable spelling change takes place when conjugating -ger verbs in the imperfect tense?
‘g’ becomes ‘ge’ before an ‘a’ or an ‘o’. For example, ‘je mangEais’.
What three meanings can attach to verbs in the imperfect tense such as ‘ils se lavaient’?
They washed, they were washing, they used to wash.
Conjugate ‘être’ in the imperfect tense.
Étais, étais, était, étions, étiez, étaient
With verbs that end in -eter, what spelling change takes place in the future tense?
The ‘t’ becomes ‘tt’, except in the case of ‘acheter’.
With verbs that end in -yer, what spelling change takes place in the future tense?
The ‘y’ changes to an ‘i’.
With verbs that end in -ayer, what spelling change can take place in the future tense?
The ‘y’ can change to an ‘i’ but this is not mandatory.
With verbs such as lever, acheter and payer, what spelling change takes place in the future tense?
The ‘e’ changes to ‘è’.
Conjugate ‘devoir’ in the future tense.
Devrai, devras, devra, devrons, devrez, devront
Conjugate ‘pouvoir’ in the future tense.
Pourrai, pourras, pourra, pourrons, pourrez, pourront
Conjugate ‘savoir’ in the future tense.
Saurai, sauras, saura, saurons, saurez, sauront
Conjugate ‘tenir’ in the future tense.
Tiendrai, tiendras, tiendra, tiendrons, tiendrez, tiendront
Conjugate ‘venir’ in the future tense.
Viendrai, viendras, viendra, viendrons, viendrez, viendront
Conjugate ‘voir’ in the future tense.
Verrai, verras, verra, verrons, verrez, verront
Conjugate ‘vouloir’ in the future tense.
Voudrai, voudras, voudra, voudrons, voudrez, voudront
‘Il pleut’ changes to what in the future tense?
Il pleuvra
‘Il faut’ changes to what in the future tense?
Il faudra
Conjugate the future tense of avoir.
Aurai, auras, aura, aurons, aurez, auront
Conjugate the future tense of être.
Serai, seras, sera, serons, serez, seront
Conjugate the future tense of faire.
Ferai, feras, fera, ferons, ferez, feront
Conjugate the future tense of aller.
Irai, iras, ira, irons, irez, iront
How do verbs ending in -yer change spelling in the conditional tense?
The ‘y’ becomes an ‘i’ (for example, je nettoierais).
Set out the conditional forms of ‘avoir’.
Aurais, aurais, aurait, aurions, auriez, auraient.
Set out the conditional forms of ‘être’.
Serais, serais, serait, serions, seriez, seraient
Set out the conditional forms of ‘faire’.
Ferais, ferais, ferait, ferions, feriez, feraient
Set out the conditional forms of ‘aller’.
Irais, irais, irait, irions, iriez, iraient
He’s gone out to buy a newspaper.
Il est sorti acheter un journal.
To get something down, to bring something down, to take something down
Descendre quelque chose (NB this use of descendre takes ‘avoir’ in the perfect tense)
To go up something, to come up something
Monter quelque chose (NB takes ‘avoir’ in the perfect tense when used this way)
To take something out
Sortir quelque chose (NB takes ‘avoir’ in the perfect tense when used this way)
She went up the stairs
Elle A monté les escaliers
Did you bring the bags down?
Est-ce que tu AS descendu les bagages?
She took her purse out of her bag.
Elle A sorti son porte-monnaie de son sac.
She came with us.
Elle est venuE avec nous.
Marcel and Marie fell in love.
Marcel et Marie sont tombéS amoureux.
The essay that he finished yesterday.
La dissertation qu’il a finiE hier.
Did he drink his tea? Yes, he’s drunk it.
Il a bu son thé? Oui, il l’a bu.
Did he drink his lemonade? Yes, he’s drunk it.
Il a bu sa limonade? Oui, il l’a buE.
When ‘on’ means ‘we’, is it necessary that the past participle agrees with the subject of the sentence?
It is optional.
Does the past participle of reflexive verbs change if the direct object follows the verb?
No. For example, ‘elle s’est cassé la jambe’.
What is the past participle of ‘avoir’?
eu
What is the past participle of ‘devoir’?
dû
What is the past participle of ‘dire’?
dit
What is the past participle of ‘être’?
été
What is the past participle of ‘faire’?
fait
What is the past participle of ‘mettre’?
mis
What is the past participle of ‘pouvoir’?
pu
What is the past participle of ‘prendre’?
pris
What is the past participle of ‘savoir’?
su
What is the past participle of ‘tenir’?
tenu
What is the past participle of ‘venir’?
venu
What is the past participle of ‘vouloir’?
voulu
In the perfect tense, ‘il pleut’ becomes…?
Il a plu
In the perfect tense, ‘il faut’ becomes…?
Il a fallu
The doors have been closed.
Les portes ont été fermées.
I am loved
Je suis aimé(e)
Les melons se vendent 2 euros la pièce.
Melons are sold for 2 euros each.
Do present participles agree with the subject when used as a verb?
No. For example - ils m’ont suivi, CRIANT mon nom (they followed me, shouting my name).
If a present participle is used as an adjective, does it agree with the noun it describes?
Yes. For example - l’année suivantE.
He ran OUT.
Il est sorti EN courant.
J’ai traversé la rue EN boîtant.
I limped ACROSS the street.
How is the present participle formed in the case of most regular verbs?
The ‘nous’ form of the present tense is used, with -ons being replaced by -ant.
What is the irregular present participle of ‘avoir’?
Ayant
What is the irregular present participle of ‘être’?
étant
What is the irregular present participle of ‘savoir’?
sachant
It’s raining
Il pleut
It’s going to rain
Il va pleuvoir
There’s a problem
Il y a un problème
There could be a problem
Il pourrait y avoir un problème
It’s daylight
Il fait jour
It’s dark
Il fait nuit
There is/ there are …. missing
Il manque
It appears/ seems that
Il paraît que, il semble que
There is/ are … left
Il reste
It would be better to
Il vaut mieux
There’s some bread left
Il reste du pain
It would be better to say nothing
Il vaut mieux ne rien dire
What form of verb follows ‘il faut que’?
The subjunctive
What form of verb follows ‘il est nécessaire que’?
The subjunctive
What form of verb follows ‘il est possible que’?
The subjunctive
What form of verb follows ‘il est dommage que’?
The subjunctive
avec application
diligently
bomber le torse
To swell with pride
la mi-journée
Mid-day
Ça doit pouvoir se faire.
I suppose so.
Entre donc
Come right in
la paperasse
Paperwork
grosse galette
Big bucks
ça fout les jetons
It’s scary as hell
C’est ce que tu ne cesses de répéter
That’s what you keep saying
rebelote!
Here we go again!
un coup de main
A helping hand
That’s outrageous!
C’est honteux!
la nocivité de
The harmfulness of
C’est une affaire qui nous dépasse
We’re in over our heads
des vues renversantes de
Stunning views of
au cœur de l’action
In the thick of things
la navette de l’aéroport
The airport shuttle
