Vitamin B1 or Thiamin

Question 1

Coenzyme of vit B1

Answer 1

TPP (thiamin pyrophosphate)

Question 2

Coenzyme of vit B2

Answer 2

FAD FMN

Question 3

Coenzyme of vit B3

Answer 3

NAD/ NADP

Question 4

Coenzyme of vit B5

Answer 4

CoA

Question 5

Coenzyme of vit B6

Answer 5

PP

Question 6

Coenzyme of vit B12

Answer 6

5’ deoxyadenosylcobalamin

Methylcobalamin

Question 7

Coenzyme of Biotin

Answer 7

Biocytin

Question 8

Coenzyme of Folate

Answer 8

tetrahydrofolate

Question 9

Anti-Beriberi Vitamin

Answer 9

THIAMIN or VITAMIN B1

Question 10

What form and medium is vit b1 dry and stable?

Answer 10

dry form and slightly acidic medium

Question 11

Vit B1 is Sensitive to _____ or ____ medium, ____ treatment, ____temperature and _____ cooking

Answer 11

neutral or alkaline medium
sulfite treatment
high temperature
prolonged cooking

Question 12

TPP in GIT is ______ to thiamin

Answer 12

hydrolyzed

Question 13

______ is carried to the liver via portal circulation

Answer 13

Activated TPP

Question 14

How vitamin B1 is excreted

Answer 14

all are excreted thru the urine

Question 15

TPP is a coenzyme for three mitochondrial enzymes involved in the oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids:

Answer 15

1. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
2. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
3. Branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase

Question 16

The final common pathway for the oxidation of macronutrients

Answer 16

The TCA Cycle and TPP

Question 17

a group of enzyme which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA

Answer 17

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase complex

Question 18

enzyme that catalyzes in the oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids to yield succinyl CoA

Answer 18

α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase

Question 19

enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids from valine, leucine and isoleucine

Answer 19

Branched-chain α-keto acid Dehydrogenase

Question 20

poor sucking, irregular respiration, periodic rigidity and seizures, appear after infants receive a protein-containing feed

Answer 20

maple syrup urine disease

Question 21

TPP is a coenzyme for transketolase (found in the cytosol). what does it do in the cytosol

Answer 21

Transfer of two-carbon ketol unit from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule in 2 transketolation reactions

Question 22

Other roles of Vit B1

Answer 22

• Nerve conduction: controls opening of chloride channels so it could act as a membrane stabilizer
• Nerve impulse transmission: deficiency of enzyme systems may lead to decreased synthesis of neurotransmitters (GABA, acetylcholine et al)

Question 23

Food Sources

Answer 23

Widely distributed, destroyed by heat, oxidation and ionizing radiation

Question 24

Food Sources of TPP

Answer 24

Lean pork, pork liver, pork glandular organs, liver and organ meats of other animals, egg yolk

Question 25

Food Sources of Free Thiamin

Answer 25

unpolished rice, whole grains, legumes, dried yeast, rice bran and wheat germ

Question 26

DEFICIENCY OF THIAMIN | Early stage:

Answer 26

Loss of appetite, weakness, easily fatigued, GIT disturbances (indigestion and severe constipation), poor reflexes, irritability, retarded growth, and numbness of extremities

Question 27

DEFICIENCY OF THIAMIN | Later stage:

Answer 27

◦Beriberi or Nutritional Polyneuritis- changes in GI, cardiovascular, and nervous system ◦Infantile Beriberi - in infants 2-5 months whose main nourishment is from a mother with beriberi

Question 28

type of beriberi that has an edema in the lower extremities which progresses to the body cavities (abdomen and chest); enlarged heart, arrhythmias, breathing difficulty

Answer 28

Wet Beriberi

Question 29

type of beriberi that has a characteristics of muscle wasting, aphonia, whining cry, cyanosis, difficulty in breathing, may lead to death within a few hours

Answer 29

Dry Beriberi

Question 30

THIAMIN DEFICIENCY: Seen in alcoholics (pregnant women with excessive vomiting) ◦Symptoms: short-term memory loss, mental deterioration, disorientation, abnormal perception, jerky eye movements, sudden heart failure if untreated

Answer 30

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

Question 31

Thiamin is stable in ___ ___ and easily destroyed by ___ and ____

Answer 31

- dry heat | - alkalis and sulfites

Question 32

most of the thiamin in food is absorbed in an ____ medium

Answer 32

Acidic

Question 33

CHO ____ the needs of thiamin

Answer 33

Increase

Question 34

Fats and CHON ____ thiamin

Answer 34

spare

Question 35

Outstanding food sources of thiamin

Answer 35

Lean pork, pork liver and other glandular organs of pork and some shellfish