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Ntrnl Bchmstry > Vitamin B1 or Thiamin > Flashcards

Vitamin B1 or Thiamin Flashcards

1
Q

Coenzyme of vit B1

A

TPP (thiamin pyrophosphate)

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2
Q

Coenzyme of vit B2

A

FAD FMN

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3
Q

Coenzyme of vit B3

A

NAD/ NADP

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4
Q

Coenzyme of vit B5

A

CoA

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5
Q

Coenzyme of vit B6

A

PP

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6
Q

Coenzyme of vit B12

A

5’ deoxyadenosylcobalamin

Methylcobalamin

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7
Q

Coenzyme of Biotin

A

Biocytin

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8
Q

Coenzyme of Folate

A

tetrahydrofolate

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9
Q

Anti-Beriberi Vitamin

A

THIAMIN or VITAMIN B1

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10
Q

What form and medium is vit b1 dry and stable?

A

dry form and slightly acidic medium

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11
Q

Vit B1 is Sensitive to _____ or ____ medium, ____ treatment, ____temperature and _____ cooking

A

neutral or alkaline medium
sulfite treatment
high temperature
prolonged cooking

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12
Q

TPP in GIT is ______ to thiamin

A

hydrolyzed

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13
Q

______ is carried to the liver via portal circulation

A

Activated TPP

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14
Q

How vitamin B1 is excreted

A

all are excreted thru the urine

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15
Q

TPP is a coenzyme for three mitochondrial enzymes involved in the oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids:

A
  1. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
  2. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
  3. Branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase
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16
Q

The final common pathway for the oxidation of macronutrients

A

The TCA Cycle and TPP

17
Q

a group of enzyme which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA

A

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase complex

18
Q

enzyme that catalyzes in the oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids to yield succinyl CoA

A

α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase

19
Q

enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids from valine, leucine and isoleucine

A

Branched-chain α-keto acid Dehydrogenase

20
Q

poor sucking, irregular respiration, periodic rigidity and seizures, appear after infants receive a protein-containing feed

A

maple syrup urine disease

21
Q

TPP is a coenzyme for transketolase (found in the cytosol). what does it do in the cytosol

A

Transfer of two-carbon ketol unit from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule in 2 transketolation reactions

22
Q

Other roles of Vit B1

A
  • Nerve conduction: controls opening of chloride channels so it could act as a membrane stabilizer
  • Nerve impulse transmission: deficiency of enzyme systems may lead to decreased synthesis of neurotransmitters (GABA, acetylcholine et al)
23
Q

Food Sources

A

Widely distributed, destroyed by heat, oxidation and ionizing radiation

24
Q

Food Sources of TPP

A

Lean pork, pork liver, pork glandular organs, liver and organ meats of other animals, egg yolk

25
Q

Food Sources of Free Thiamin

A

unpolished rice, whole grains, legumes, dried yeast, rice bran and wheat germ

26
Q

DEFICIENCY OF THIAMIN

Early stage:

A

Loss of appetite, weakness, easily fatigued, GIT disturbances (indigestion and severe constipation), poor reflexes, irritability, retarded growth, and numbness of extremities

27
Q

DEFICIENCY OF THIAMIN

Later stage:

A

◦Beriberi or Nutritional Polyneuritis- changes in GI, cardiovascular, and nervous system

◦Infantile Beriberi - in infants 2-5 months whose main nourishment is from a mother with beriberi

28
Q

type of beriberi that has an edema in the lower extremities which progresses to the body cavities (abdomen and chest); enlarged heart, arrhythmias, breathing difficulty

A

Wet Beriberi

29
Q

type of beriberi that has a characteristics of muscle wasting, aphonia, whining cry, cyanosis, difficulty in breathing, may lead to death within a few hours

A

Dry Beriberi

30
Q

THIAMIN DEFICIENCY: Seen in alcoholics (pregnant women with excessive vomiting)
◦Symptoms: short-term memory loss, mental deterioration, disorientation, abnormal perception, jerky eye movements, sudden heart failure if untreated

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

31
Q

Thiamin is stable in ___ ___ and easily destroyed by ___ and ____

A
  • dry heat

- alkalis and sulfites

32
Q

most of the thiamin in food is absorbed in an ____ medium

A

Acidic

33
Q

CHO ____ the needs of thiamin

A

Increase

34
Q

Fats and CHON ____ thiamin

A

spare

35
Q

Outstanding food sources of thiamin

A

Lean pork, pork liver and other glandular organs of pork and some shellfish

Ntrnl Bchmstry (31 decks)

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