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#‼️PHARMACOLOGY > VII - GI DRUGS > Flashcards

VII - GI DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

Neutralize stomach acid by reacting with protons in the lumen

A

Antacids (TOPNOTCH)

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2
Q

Impairs absorption of tetracyclines, flouroquinolones,itraconazole and iron

A

Antacids (TOPNOTCH)

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3
Q

Antacids

A

Magnesium-Aluminum Hydroxide, Calcium carbonate, Sodium bicarbonate (TOPNOTCH)

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4
Q

Competitive pharmacologic block of H2 receptors ; for peptic ulcer disease, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Gastroesophagal reflux, dyspepsia

A

H2 Receptor Blockers
RANITIDINE, CIMETIDINE, FAMOTIDINE

(TOPNOTCH)

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5
Q

H2 Receptor Blockers

A

Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine (TOPNOTCH)

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6
Q

Highly effective in suppressing nocturnal acid secretion but only modest effect on meal- stimulated secretion

A

H2 Receptor Blockers (TOPNOTCH)

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7
Q

Irreversible blockade of H/K ATPase in active gastric panetal cells. Long lasting reduction of meal stimulated and nocturnal acid secretion

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors (TOPNOTCH)

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8
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors

A

Omeprazole, Lansopraole, Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole (TOPNOTCH)

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9
Q

usually enetric coated, needs 3-4 days treatment to achieve full effectiveness

A

Omeprazole, Lansopraole, Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole (TOPNOTCH)

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10
Q

SE: Diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain, Malaabsorption (Vit B12, Ca, Fe, Zn), Infections (respiratory, enteric), Hypergastrinemia, Atrophic gastritis

A

Omeprazole, Lansopraole, Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole (TOPNOTCH)

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11
Q

Binds to injured tissue and forms a protective covering with ulcer beds. Accelerates healing of peptic ulcers and reduces recurrence rate

A

Sucralfate - Mucosal protective agent (TOPNOTCH)

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12
Q

Forms a protective coating on ulcerated tissue. Stimulates mucosal protective mechanisms, direct antimicrobial effects and sequestration of enterotoxins

A

Bismuth Salicylate
*This drug has dual activity. It acts as mucosal protective agent. And due to its heavy metal component (Bismuth), it has a direct bactericidal effect on H. pylori J
(TOPNOTCH)

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13
Q

SE: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Uterine cramping, Miscarriage

A

Misoprostol (TOPNOTCH)

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14
Q

Activates EP receptors. Causes incresed HCO3 and mucus secretion in stomach. Uterine contraction

A

Misoprostol

* Activates PGE 1 receptor which decreases acid secretion and increases mucus secretion in the stomach

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15
Q

SE: Black stools, darkening of tongue, Encephalopathy (Atraxia, headaches, confusion, seizures)

A

Bismuth Salicylate (TOPNOTCH)

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16
Q

Increases gastric emptying and intestinal motility

A

Prokinetic agents

Metoclopramide, Domperidone, Erythromycin

*Metoclopramide and domperidone block D2 receptors. Erythromycin stimulates motilin receptors. Increases gastric emptying and intestinal motility.

(TOPNOTCH)

17
Q

______ and ______ block D receptors ; _______ stimulates motilin receptors

A

Metoclopramide and domperidone, Erythromycin (TOPNOTCH)

18
Q

T or F: Domperidone does not cross the BBB (less toxic)

A

TRUE (TOPNOTCH)

19
Q

Indigestible, hydrophilic colloids that absorb water, forming a bulky emollient gel that distends the colon and promotes peristasis

A

Bulk-forming Laxatives: Psyllium, Methylcellulose, Polycarbophil

  • Increases the bulk of your stool so that the colon will be distended. It will signal the enteric nervous system to activate peristalsis for defecation.
20
Q

Soften stool material, Permitting water and lipids to penetrate

A

Stool-softener: Docusate, Glycerine, Suppository, Mineral oil (TOPNOTCH)

21
Q

Soluble but nonabsorbable compound that result in increased stool liquidity due to an obligate increase in fecal fluid

A

Osmotic Laxatives: Lactulose, Magnesium oxide, Sorbitol, Magnesium citrate, Sodium phosphate, Polyethylene Glycol (TOPNOTCH)

22
Q

Directly stimulate enteric nervous system and colonic electrolyte and fluid secretion

A

Stimulant Laxatives: Bisacodyl, Aloe, Senna, Cascara, Castor oil (TOPNOTCH)

23
Q

Activates opioid receptors in enteric nervous system. Slows motility with negligible CNS effects

A

Antidiarrheal agent

Diphenoxylate, Loperamide, Kaolin+Pectin, Colloidal Bismuth

*Do not use in children less than 4 years of age (increased chance of causing paralytic ileus) Reverse ileus by administering Bethanechol

24
Q

Blocks chemoreceptor trigger zone and enteric nervous system 5-HT3 receptors ; For Vomiting (Post chemothereaphy, postoperative)

A

Ondansetron, Granisetron, Dolasetron, Palonosetron (TOPNOTCH)

25
Q

Probably inhibits production of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators ; for Inflammatory bowel disease (mild to moderate)

A

Immunomodulator

Mesalamine, Balsalazide, Olsalazine, Sulfasalazine, Mesalazine
(TOPNOTCH)

Used only for mild CONTROLLED cases of IBD. Flareups should be given immunosuppressants such as corticosteroids, TNF antagonists, Cyclosporine etc.

#‼️PHARMACOLOGY (31 decks)

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