CNS DRUGS - SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC DRUGS Flashcards
Barbiturate (intermediate-acting)
PENTOBARBITAL
SECOBARBITAL [D], AMOBARBITAL [D], BUTALBITAL [C], BUTABARBITAL [D], TALBUTAL, APROBARBITAL
class and MOA of buspirone
anxiolytic
5HT1A (partial agonist) and D2 agonist
Anticholinergic used for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease
Benztropine and Biperiden
Which benzodiazepine has the longest half-life?
Chlordiazepoxide has longest half-life (36-200 hours) and the longest spelling (many letters).
What enzyme is deficient in acute intermittent porphyria?
HMB Synthase
Increases frequency of opening of Cl channels
BENZODIAZEPINES
antidote for benzodiazepine toxicity
FLUMAZENIL
Increases DURATION of opening of Chloride channels
BARBITURATES
Contraindication for barbiturates
patients with a history of ACUTE INTERMITTENT PORPHYRIA, variegate porphyria, hereditary porphyria and symptomatic porphyria (because barbiturates enhance porphyrin synthesis)
Long acting benzo
DIAZEPAM flurazePam Chlorazepate Chlordiazepoxide Quazepam Flunitrazepam
Barbiturate (long-acting)
PHENOBARBITAL
MEPHOBARBITAL [D], PRIMIDONE [D]
Intermediate acting benzo
LORAZEPAM CLONAZEPAM alprazolam Estazolam Lormetazepam Nitrazepam Temazepam
Short acting benzo
MIDAZOLAM brotizolam Triazolam OXAZEPAM etizolam
For insomnia and sleep disorder esp. when sleep onset is delayed
ZOLPIDEM
ZALEPLON [C]
Ultra short acting barbiturate
THIOPENTAL
METHOHEXITAL, THIAMYLAL
considered the DOC for seizures in infants
Barbiturates, particularly PHENOBARBITAL
Major excitatory neurotransmitter
GLUTAMATE
Inhibitory neurotransmitters
GABA, GLYCINE
Used as date rape drugs
- Alcohol (most common)
- Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
- Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
Common SE of benzodiazepines
Anterograde amnesia
Unwanred daytime sedation
What is the most catastrophic symptom oF sedative-hypnotic withdrawal
REBOUND SUICIDE
