CNS DRUGS - ALCOHOLS

Question 1

inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase

Answer 1

FOMEPIZOLE

Question 2

inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase

Answer 2

DISULFIRAM

Question 3

acetaldehyde is rapidly metabolized to acetate by what enzyme?

Answer 3

ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE (ADH)

Question 4

symptoms of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

Answer 4

Weird ACO Ataxia, Confusion, Ophthalmoplegia

Question 5

What changes in the brain are seen in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

Answer 5

hemorrhagic necrosis of the mamillary bodies

Question 6

Delirium Tremens HAD 48

Answer 6

Hallucinations Autonomic instability Delirium 48-72 hours post-discontinuation

Question 7

DOC for delirium tremens

Answer 7

long-acting benzodiazepine (e.g. diazepam, chlordiazepoxide)

Question 8

DOC for opioid overdose

Answer 8

Naloxone

Question 9

DOC for opioid dependence and chronic alcoholism.

Answer 9

Naltrexone

Question 10

Differentiate Naloxone and Naltrexone

Answer 10

Naloxone is DOC for opioid overdose vs Naltrexone is DOC for opioid dependence and chronic alcoholism.

Question 11

What drugs can cause disulfiram reaction? PM 4C

Answer 11

Procarbazine - Chemo drug (alkylating agent) Metronidazole Chlorpropamide (1st gen sulfonylurea) Cefoperazone (3rd gen ceph) Cefamandole (2nd gen ceph) Cefotetan (2nd gen ceph)

Question 12

Methanol is metabolized by ADH to _______

Answer 12

formaldehyde

Question 13

Methanol is metabolized by ADH to formaldehyde, which is then oxidized to _____

Answer 13

formic acid

Question 14

accumulation of formaldehyde and formic acid causes severe acidosis, _____ and _______

Answer 14

retinal damage, and blindness

Question 15

Treatment of Methanol Poisoning

Answer 15

ETHANOL

Question 16

ethylene glycol is metabolized by ADH to _______

Answer 16

oxalic acid