CARDIO - HYPERTENSION Flashcards
T-wave inversion
HypoKalemia
What drug causes HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA as an IDIOSYNCRATIC REACTION?
Methyldopa
Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
(Cardiac > Vascular)
VERAPAMIL
DILTIAZEM
peaked T-waves
HyperKalemia
most effective vasodilator
NITROPRUSSIDE because it is both an ARTERIOLAR vasodilator and a VENOdilator
TARGET BP

Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
(Vascular > Cardiac)
NIFEDIPINE
AMLODIPINE [C], FELODIPINE [C], NICARDIPINE [C], NISOLDIPINE [C], CLEVIDIPINE [C], ISRADIPINE [C], LEVAMLODIPINE [D], LACIDIPINE [C], LERCANIDIPINE [C],
Discuss RAAS with drugs

MOA of furosemide
Inhibit Na/K/2Cl transporter in thick ascending limb of loop of Henle. Cause powerful diuresis and increased Ca excretion.
JNC 8 GUIDELINE FOR HTN

Vasodilator that acts by Opens K + channels in vascular smooth muscle, causing hyperpolarization, muscle relaxation and vasodilation
MINOXIDIL [C], DIAZOXIDE
vasodilator that alters intracellular Ca 2+ metabolism. Relaxes arteriolar smooth muscle, causing vasodilation → Decreases afterload
HYDRALAZINE
SE of Methylopa
Sedation, Hemolytic anemia (Positive Coombs Test)
Inhibit Na + /Cl - transporter in distal convoluted tubule. Cause moderate diuresis and reduced excretion of calcium
THIAZIDE DIURETICS
HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE, CHLORTHALIDONE [B], INDAPAMIDE [B], METOLAZONE [B]
ANtidote to clonidine (a2 agonist)
Phentolamine
SE of CCBs
Constipation, Pretibial edema, Gingival hyperplasia (VERAPAMIL, NIFEDIPINE)
class of CCB used for arrhythmia
Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
ACEI dilates which arteriole in the kidneys
dilate Efferent arterioles.
loop diuretic that is not a sulfurderivative, and therefore, can be given to Px with sulfur allergy
Ethacrynic acid
DRUGS USED IN HTN

Why do patients taking angiotensin antagonists (ACEis/ARBs) develop hyperkalemia?
ACE-Is/ARBs reduce aldosterone levels and cause potassium retention
NON SELECTIVE BETA BLOCKERS
PROPRANOLOL, PINDOLOL [B], TIMOLOL [C], LABETALOL [C], CARVEDILOL, [C, D in 2 nd & 3 rd trim] NADOLOL [C], LEVOBUNOLOL [C], METIPRANOLOL [C], BETAXOLOL [C], BISOPROLOL [C], NEBIVOLOL
Dopamine agonist (D 1 receptor)
FENOLDOPAM
*Causes arteriolar vasodilation of the afferent and efferent arterioles. Increases renal blood flow.