Vaccines feb 25 2022 Flashcards
What are the four main types of Influenza?
A, B, C, D
Which types of Influenza are primarily responsible for ‘Flu season’?
Influenza A and B
What is the primary method of control for Influenza?
Appropriate health measures when indicated
What are the three major types of Influenza vaccines?
- Inactivated
- Recombinant
- Live/attenuated
What does the term ‘Inactivated’ refer to in the context of vaccines?
Uses specific inactivated influenza virus strains to elicit antibody production
What is the recommended administration route and dosage for Inactivated Influenza vaccines?
0.5mL IM once yearly, preferably end of October
How long does it take to achieve peak immunity from Inactivated Influenza vaccines?
Approximately 2 weeks
What is the basis of the Recombinant Influenza vaccine?
Isolate gene for hemagglutinin combined with Baculovirus
What is the administration route for the Live attenuated Influenza vaccine?
Intranasally, 0.1mL per nostril
What are the contraindications for Influenza vaccination?
- Anaphylaxis
- Oculorespiratory syndrome
- Guillain-Barré syndrome
- Acute illness
- Bleeding disorders
What are common adverse reactions to Influenza vaccines?
- Pain at injection site
- Myalgias
- Nausea
- Drowsiness
- Headache
- Fever
- Cough
What are the main types of COVID-19 vaccines mentioned?
- Pfizer (mRNA)
- Moderna (mRNA)
- Johnson & Johnson (Vector)
True or False: mRNA vaccines change DNA.
False
What is the role of mRNA in COVID-19 vaccines?
Isolated mRNA of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is used to synthesize the vaccine
What are the indications for COVID-19 vaccination?
- Limit live virus replication
- Immunocompromised
- Pregnant or planning to become pregnant
What are the contraindications for COVID-19 vaccination?
- Anaphylaxis
- Previous pericarditis/myocarditis from vaccination
What are common side effects of COVID-19 vaccines?
- Pain at injection site
- Myalgias
- Nausea
- Drowsiness
- Headache
- Fever
- Cough
What serious adverse reactions have been associated with COVID-19 vaccines?
- Myocarditis/pericarditis (primarily in males 12-29)
- Thrombocytopenia
- Thrombotic events
Where are COVID-19 vaccines typically administered?
- Deltoid
- Vastus lateralis
- Gluteal injections less common
Fill in the blank: The first bivalent influenza vaccine was developed and widely administered in _______.
1942
What does antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity refer to?
A mechanism where antibodies help in the destruction of infected cells
What is the typical onset time for full immunity from the Live attenuated Influenza vaccine?
Approximately 2 weeks
What is the recommended dosage for the Live attenuated Influenza vaccine?
0.1mL per nostril
