Prescribed Medications Flashcards
What are analgesics used for?
To relieve pain by increasing the body’s pain threshold, altering the body’s response to pain, and relieving anxiety and fear.
Name three common narcotic analgesics.
- Fentanyl
- Morphine
- Demerol
What can narcotics cause as a side effect?
Respiratory depression.
List three non-narcotic analgesics.
- ASA
- Tylenol
- Ibuprofen
What is a mixed analgesic example?
Tylenol 3 (Acetaminophen + Codeine)
What do antacids do?
Relieve stomach discomfort by increasing stomach pH or decreasing stomach acid production.
Name two examples of antacids.
- Pantoloc
- Zantac (Ranitidine)
What is the primary function of antianginals?
To dilate peripheral and coronary arteries, reducing preload and cardiac workload.
What is a common form of nitroglycerine?
Spray, patch, or tablet.
What are the two broad categories of antiarrhythmics?
- Beta-blockers
- Calcium-channel blockers
Name one beta-blocker.
Metoprolol.
What do antibiotics combat?
Microorganisms.
List three examples of antibiotics.
- Cipro (Ciprofloxacin)
- Penicillin
- Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
What is the purpose of anticoagulants?
To prolong clotting time of the blood.
Name one anticoagulant.
Coumadin (Warfarin).
What do anticholinergics do?
Potentiate the sympathetic nervous system by blocking acetylcholine.
Give an example of an anticholinergic.
Atropine.
What are anticonvulsants used for?
To stop or control seizures by suppressing ectopic electrical activity in the brain.
Name one anticonvulsant.
Dilantin (Phenytoin).
What is the primary use of antidepressants?
To relieve symptoms of depression and anxiety.
List the four classifications of antidepressants.
- Tricyclics
- MAOIs
- SSRIs
- Atypicals
What do antiemetics do?
Prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting.
Name one antiemetic.
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol).
What is the function of antihistamines?
Relieve allergy symptoms by blocking the action of histamine.
Give an example of an antihistamine.
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl).
What do antihypertensives do?
Lower blood pressure.
Name one class of antihypertensives.
ACE Inhibitors.
What are benzodiazepines used for?
To induce relaxation, reduce anxiety, and induce sleep.
Give an example of a benzodiazepine.
Lorazepam (Ativan).
What do bronchodilators help relieve?
Respiratory problems.
Name one bronchodilator.
Salbutamol (Ventolin).
What is the effect of cardiac glycosides?
Increase cardiac output, slow SA and AV node conduction.
Give an example of a cardiac glycoside.
Digoxin.
What do diuretics block?
The reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys.
Name one diuretic.
Furosemide (Lasix).
What do hypoglycemics provide?
Insulin or stimulate increased production of insulin.
Name one oral hypoglycemic medication.
Metformin.
What is the function of laxatives?
Stimulate peristalsis.
Give an example of a laxative.
Docusate.
What is the major use of opioid antagonists?
To reverse the effects of opioid narcotics.
What is a common opioid antagonist?
Naloxone (Narcan).
What do statins do?
Slow the production of cholesterol in the body.
Name one statin.
Atorvastatin (Lipitor).
