Monitoring Blood Transfusions 2022 Flashcards
What is the lifespan of red blood cells (RBCs)?
About 120 days
What percentage of total blood volume do red blood cells (RBCs) make up?
Approximately 45%
At what temperature are red blood cells stored?
Between 2-6 degrees Celsius
For how long can red blood cells be stored?
A maximum of 42 days
What must happen within four hours of removing red blood cells from the fridge?
Infusion must take place
What are platelets?
Fragments of cells that activate through the clotting cascade
How many donors are typically needed to make one standard transfusion dose of platelets?
Approximately four donors
For how long are platelets stored?
At room temperature for five days
What is plasma primarily made of?
Water
What can be isolated from plasma for transfusion?
Specific factors, e.g., Factor VII
How long can plasma be stored frozen?
Up to one year
What is apheresis?
Process of blood collection where components are filtered out
What is the reason for using apheresis?
Allows for collection of specific blood components from one donor
What is the universal donor blood type?
O negative
What is the universal recipient blood type?
AB positive
Name a reason for transfusing blood.
Replace blood loss, blood cancers, anemia, etc.
What are some pieces of equipment used in blood transfusions?
- Oxygen source
- Airway equipment
- IV Pump
- Cardiac monitoring
What is the most common transfusion reaction?
Febrile Transfusion Reaction
What is presented in an acute hemolytic reaction?
- Fever
- Chills
- Nausea/vomiting
- Shock
- Dark urine
What is a symptom of transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)?
Dyspnea
What treatment is used for transfusion associated circulatory overload (TACO)?
Diuretics
What is hemoglobinuria?
The presence of hemoglobin in the urine
What should be checked after stopping a transfusion?
Check vitals and blood tag information
Fill in the blank: The most common cause of death associated with transfusions is _______.
TRALI
