Gravol feb 24 2022 Flashcards
What is Dimenhydrinate also known as?
Gravol
What is the primary use of Dimenhydrinate?
As an antiemetic/antihistamine agent
What is the mechanism of antiemetic action of Dimenhydrinate?
Unknown; inhibits vestibular stimulation
What systems does Dimenhydrinate act on to inhibit vestibular stimulation?
Otolith system and semicircular canals
What neurotransmitter does Dimenhydrinate inhibit?
Acetylcholine
List the properties of Dimenhydrinate.(5)
- CNS depressant
- Anticholinergic
- Antiemetic
- Antihistaminic
- Local anesthetic
How is Dimenhydrinate absorbed by the body?
Well absorbed through oral or parental routes
What is the onset time for Dimenhydrinate when given IV/IO?
Immediate
What is the onset time for Dimenhydrinate when given PO?
15-30 minutes
What is the onset time for Dimenhydrinate when given IM?
20-30 minutes
What are the indications for using Dimenhydrinate?
- Vertigo
- Motion sickness
- Narcotic administration
- Pregnancy induced nausea
- Alcohol withdrawal
What are the contraindications for Dimenhydrinate?
- Hypersensitivity to Dimenhydrinate, Dimenhydramine, or propylene glycol
- Patients under the influence of depressants and alcohol
- Narrow angle glaucoma
What are common adverse effects of Dimenhydrinate?
- Drowsiness
- Paradoxical CNS stimulation in children
- Headache
- Blurred vision
- Tinnitus
- Dryness of mouth and respiratory passages
- Incoordination
- Palpitations
- Dizziness
- Hypotension
What is the dosage for Dimenhydrinate in patients less than 65 years old?
50 mg SIVP/IM every 4 hours
What is the dosage for Dimenhydrinate in patients greater than 65 years old?
25 mg SIVP/IM every 15 minutes to a maximum of 50 mg
How may sedation be affected when using Dimenhydrinate with other medications?
Sedation may be enhanced
Where should Dimenhydrinate be administered in EMS IM medications?
In the vastus lateralis
True or False: Dimenhydrinate has a known mechanism of action for its antiemetic effects.
False
