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Primary Care Paramedic - ESA 2025-01 > PCP Med Formulary > Flashcards

PCP Med Formulary Flashcards

1
Q

(3)Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - Class

A
  1. Antipyretic
  2. Analgesic
  3. Selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor
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2
Q

(2)Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) - Class

A
  1. NSAID
  2. Platelet Inhibitor
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3
Q

D50W (50% Dextrose) -Class

A

Caloric agent

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4
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Class

A

Antiemetic

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5
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Class

A

Antihistamine

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6
Q

(2)Epinephrine (Adrenalin) - Class

A

1.Non-selective Adrenergic Agonist
2.Sympathomimetic

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7
Q

(2)Glucagon - Class

A
  1. Hyperglycemic agent
  2. Pancreatic hormone
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8
Q

Ibuprofen (Advil) - Class

A
  1. NSAID
  2. Analgesic
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9
Q

(2)Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) - Class

A

1.Anticholinergic
2.Parasympatholytic

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10
Q

Naloxone (Narcan) - Class

A

Opioid Antagonist

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11
Q

Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual) - Class

A
  1. Anti-anginal
  2. Vasodilator
  3. Nitrate
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12
Q

Nitrous Oxide (Entonox) - Class

A

Gaseous analgesic

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13
Q

Oral Glucose (Insta-Glucose) - Class

A

Caloric Agent

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14
Q

Salbutamol (Ventolin) - Class

A

1.Beta-2 Agonist
2.Bronchodilator
3.Sympathomimetic

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15
Q

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - Mechanism of Action

A

Inhibits COX enzyme to reduce fever & pain

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16
Q

Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) - Mechanism of Action

A

1.Inhibits thromboxane A2
2.prevents platelet aggregation

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17
Q

D50W (50% Dextrose) - Mechanism of Action

A

Raises blood glucose levels rapidly

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18
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Mechanism of Action

A
  1. Inhibits vestibular stimulation
  2. blocks acetylcholine
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19
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Mechanism of Action

A

Blocks H1 & H2 receptors to reduce histamine effects

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20
Q

Epinephrine (Adrenalin) - Mechanism of Action

A

1.Alpha-1 vasoconstriction
2.Beta-2 bronchodilation

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21
Q

Glucagon - Mechanism of Action

A

Breaks down glycogen stores to increase blood glucose

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22
Q

Ibuprofen (Advil) - Mechanism of Action

A

reversible inhibition of COX-1and COX-2 emzymes.

By decreasing prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS, ibuprofen is able to reduce swelling and pain.

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23
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) - Mechanism of Action

A

Blocks parasympathetic response to prevent bronchoconstriction

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24
Q

Naloxone (Narcan) - Mechanism of Action

A

Competes for opioid receptors, reversing overdose

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25
Q

Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual) - Mechanism of Action

A

Reduces myocardial oxygen demand, lowers preload & afterload

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26
Q

Nitrous Oxide (Entonox) - Mechanism of Action

A

Provides pain relief, mechanism not fully understood

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27
Q

Oral Glucose (Insta-Glucose) - Mechanism of Action

A

Raises blood glucose levels rapidly

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28
Q

Salbutamol (Ventolin) - Mechanism of Action

A

Beta-2 activation causes bronchial smooth muscle relaxation

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29
Q

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - Dosage (Adult)

A

975 mg PO (Do not repeat)

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30
Q

Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA)- Dosage (Adult)

A

160 mg PO (chewed), max 160 mg/24h

31
Q

D50W (50% Dextrose)- Dosage (Adult)

A

25 g SIVP/IO q5 min PRN to max 50 g

32
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Dosage (Adult)

A

50 mg SIVP/IM q4 hours

33
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Dosage (Adult)

A

50 mg PO/IV/IM (Do not repeat)

34
Q

Epinephrine (Adrenalin)- Dosage (Adult)

A

0.3 mg IM q5 min (max 0.9 mg)

35
Q

Glucagon - Dosage (Adult)

A

1 mg IM q15 min (max 2 mg)

36
Q

Ibuprofen (Advil) - Dosage (Adult)

A

400 mg PO (Do not repeat)

37
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) - Dosage (Adult)

A

500 mcg nebulized (max 1500 mcg)
1 puff (20 mcg/puff) MDI with spacer, repeat 30-60 seconds prn to a total maximum of 15 puffs

38
Q

Naloxone (Narcan) - Dosage (Adult)

A

● 0.05 mg IV/IO q 2 minutes prn to a total maximum of 1 mg
● 0.8 mg IM q 5 minutes prn to a total maximum of 3.2 mg
● 2 mg intranasal (1mg/nostril) q 3-5 minutes prn to a total maximum of 4 mg

39
Q

Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual) - Dosage (Adult)

A

● 0.4 mg SL (1 spray) q 3-5 minutes prn or until systolic BP less than100 mmHg
● 0.8 mg/hr patch

40
Q

Nitrous Oxide (Entonox) - Dosage (Adult)

A

Self-administered PRN

41
Q

Oral Glucose (Insta-Glucose) - Dosage (Adult)

A

25 g PO q5 min (max 50 g)

42
Q

Salbutamol (Ventolin) - Dosage (Adult)

A
  • 2.5-5 mg nebulized q5-15 min PRN
  • 1 puff MDI (100 mcg/puff) with spacer q 30-60 seconds prn to a max 30 puffs
43
Q

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - Contraindications

A

● Active liver disease/hepatic impairment
● Chemotherapy patients
● Hypersensitivity

44
Q

Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA)- Contraindications

A

● Hypersensitivity
● Active GI bleed
● Asthmatic with past history of sensitivity to ASA/NSAIDs
● Unable to follow commands

45
Q

D50W (50% Dextrose) - Contraindications

A

Hyperglycemia, Corn allergy

46
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Contraindications

A

● Narrow angle glaucoma
● Patients who have ingested large quantities of depressants (including alcohol)

47
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity Benadryl OR Gravol allergy

48
Q

Epinephrine (Adrenalin) - Contraindications

A

● None when used in emergent anaphylaxis situations
● Hypersensitivity
● Underlying cardiovascular disease

49
Q

Glucagon - Contraindications

A

Hyperglycemia, Beef/Pork allergy

50
Q

Ibuprofen (Advil) - Contraindications

A

● Hypersensitivity to ibuprofen or other NSAIDs
● Asthma
● History of significant renal disease, except renal colic
● Suspected intracranial bleed
● History of GI bleeding
● Diagnosis of crohn’s/ulcerative colitis/IBD
● Subarachnoid hemorrhage (indicated by sudden onset/most severe ever headache/thunderclap)
● Pregnancy
● Patient is taking oral anticoagulants
● Do not give if patient over 65

51
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) - Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity

52
Q

Naloxone (Narcan) - Contraindications

A

Opioid withdrawal symptoms

53
Q

Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual) - Contraindications

A

● Systolic BP less than 100 mmHg
● Unable to establish IV access
● Right ventricular infarct ( therefore a drop of systolic BP of 30 points or 1/3 after the first administration of nitroglycerin should indicate that an RVI is possible, and no further nitro should be given)
● Use of phosphodiesterase inhibitors within 24 hrs; such as Viagra, Cialis, Levitra - Mandatory OLMC
● Computer generated 12 lead interpretation has any message in capital letters indicating a STEMI**

54
Q

Nitrous Oxide (Entonox) - Contraindications

A

-Pneumothorax
-Adominal pain
-Bowel obstruction
-Intoxication
-Head injury
- Altered

55
Q

Oral Glucose (Insta-Glucose) - Contraindications

A

Unconscious, Hyperglycemia

56
Q

Salbutamol (Ventolin) - Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, Tachydysrhythmias

57
Q

What does NSAID stand for?

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug

58
Q

What does analgesic mean?

A

medication that relieves pain without causing loss of consciousness

59
Q

What does Antipyretic mean?

A

is a medication that reduces fever by acting on the hypothalamus to regulate body temperature.

60
Q

what does Antiemetic mean?

A

is a medication that prevents or reduces nausea and vomiting by acting on the central nervous system or gastrointestinal tract.

61
Q

what does Antihistamine mean?

A

is a medication that blocks histamine receptors, reducing allergic reactions, nausea, and other histamine-related responses in the body

62
Q

What does Non-selective Adrenergic Agonist mean?

A

is a medication that stimulates multiple adrenergic receptors (Alpha Beta receptors) in the sympathetic nervous system (SNS).

63
Q

What does Hyperglycemic Agent mean?

A

is a medication that raises blood glucose levels. These drugs are used to treat hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in patients who are unable to consume carbohydrates orally.

64
Q

What does Anticholinergic mean?

A

is a medication that blocks the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) on the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). These drugs reduce secretions, relax smooth muscles, and prevent involuntary muscle contractions.

65
Q

What does opioid Antagonist mean?

A

is a medication that blocks opioid receptors, reversing the effects of opioid drugs such as morphine, fentanyl, and heroin.

66
Q

What does Vasodilator mean?

A

is a medication that relaxes blood vessels, causing them to widen (vasodilation). This results in reduced blood pressure, decreased workload on the heart, and improved blood flow to tissues.

67
Q

what is a Beta-2 Agonist ?

A

is a medication that stimulates Beta-2 adrenergic receptors, primarily found in the smooth muscles of the lungs, blood vessels, and uterus.

68
Q

What is COX enzyme?

A

is an enzyme that helps produce prostaglandins, which are chemicals involved in inflammation, pain, fever, and blood clotting.

69
Q

What does refers Adrenegic mean?

A

refers to the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and involves neurotransmitters like epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).

70
Q

What is thromboxane A2?

A

is a chemical produced by platelets that plays a key role in blood clot formation (hemostasis)

71
Q

what does Inhibits vestibular stimulation

A

means blocking signals from the vestibular system (inner ear) to the brain to prevent nausea, dizziness, and motion sickness.

72
Q

what does Sympathomimetic mean?

A

is a medication that mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) by stimulating adrenergic receptors (Alpha & Beta receptors).

73
Q

prn?

A

“as needed” or “as necessary.”

74
Q

q

A

Latin word “quaque,” meaning “every.”

Primary Care Paramedic - ESA 2025-01 (70 decks)

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