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Primary Care Paramedic - ESA 2025-01 > ESA Medication Formulary > Flashcards

ESA Medication Formulary Flashcards

1
Q

What is the generic name for Tylenol?

A

Acetaminophen

Acetaminophen is an antipyretic and analgesic.

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2
Q

What class of medication does Acetaminophen belong to?

A

Antipyretic, Analgesic, Selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Acetaminophen?

A

Selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase, decreasing prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS to reduce fever and pain.

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4
Q

What is the adult dosage for Acetaminophen?

A

975 mg PO (Do not repeat dose)

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5
Q

What are the indications for administering Acetaminophen?

A
  • Febrile greater than 38 degrees C
  • Management of pain
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6
Q

What contraindications exist for Acetaminophen?

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Active liver disease/hepatic impairment
  • Patients undergoing chemotherapy
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7
Q

What is the trade name for Acetylsalicylic Acid?

A

Aspirin, ASA

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8
Q

What class of medication does Acetylsalicylic Acid belong to?

A

Platelet inhibitor, NSAID

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Acetylsalicylic Acid?

A

Inhibits aggregation of platelets by irreversibly inhibiting thromboxane A2 formation.

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10
Q

What is the maximum dosage for Acetylsalicylic Acid in a 24-hour period?

A

160 mg per 24 hour period (Do not repeat dose)

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11
Q

What are the indications for Acetylsalicylic Acid?

A

Suspected acute coronary syndromes (ACS)

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12
Q

What are the contraindications for Acetylsalicylic Acid?

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Active GI bleed
  • Asthmatic with past sensitivity to ASA/NSAIDs
  • Unable to follow commands
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13
Q

What is the generic name for D50W?

A

D50W (50% Dextrose in water)

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14
Q

What class of medication is D50W?

A

Caloric agent/Carbohydrate

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15
Q

What is the mechanism of action of D50W?

A

Hyperglycemic

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16
Q

What is the dosage for D50W in adults?

A

25 g SIVP/IO q 5 minutes, titrate to BGL ≥ 4.0 mmol/L

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17
Q

What are the indications for administering D50W?

A

Symptomatic hypoglycemia

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18
Q

What are the contraindications for D50W?

A
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Allergy to corn or corn products
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19
Q

What is the trade name for Dimenhydrinate?

A

Gravol

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20
Q

What class of medication does Dimenhydrinate belong to?

A

Antiemetic

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21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Dimenhydrinate?

A

Inhibits vestibular stimulation and acetylcholine in the vestibular and reticular systems.

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22
Q

What is the adult dosage for Dimenhydrinate?

A

50 mg SIVP/IM q 4 hours

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23
Q

What are the indications for Dimenhydrinate?

A
  • Nausea and vomiting due to vertigo
  • Motion sickness
  • Pregnancy
  • Narcotic administration
  • Alcohol withdrawal
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24
Q

What are the contraindications for Dimenhydrinate?

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Narrow angle glaucoma
  • Large quantities of depressants
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25
What is the generic name for Diphenhydramine?
Benadryl
26
What class of medication does Diphenhydramine belong to?
Antihistamine
27
What is the mechanism of action of Diphenhydramine?
H1 and H2 antagonist, blocking histamine release.
28
What is the dosage for Diphenhydramine during an allergic reaction?
50 mg PO (Elixir) or 1 mg/kg IM/SIVP/IO to a maximum of 50 mg (Do not repeat)
29
What are the indications for Diphenhydramine?
* Allergic reaction * Anaphylaxis * Extrapyramidal symptoms from haloperidol or metoclopramide
30
What are the contraindications for Diphenhydramine?
Hypersensitivity to diphenhydramine or dimenhydrinate
31
What is the trade name for Epinephrine?
Adrenalin
32
What class of medication does Epinephrine belong to?
Non-selective Adrenergic Agonist, Sympathomimetic
33
What is the mechanism of action of Epinephrine?
Non-specific activation of beta and alpha adrenergic receptors.
34
What is the adult dosage for Epinephrine in anaphylaxis?
0.3 mg IM (1 mg/mL) repeat q 5 minutes prn to a maximum of 0.9 mg
35
What are the indications for Epinephrine?
Anaphylaxis
36
What are the contraindications for Epinephrine?
* None in emergent anaphylaxis * Hypersensitivity * Underlying cardiovascular disease
37
What is the generic name for Glucagon?
Glucagon
38
What class of medication does Glucagon belong to?
Hyperglycemic agent, Pancreatic hormone
39
What is the mechanism of action of Glucagon?
Breaks down hepatic glycogen stores to increase blood glucose levels.
40
What is the adult dosage for Glucagon?
1 mg/unit IM q 15 minutes to a maximum of 2 mg
41
What are the indications for Glucagon?
Symptomatic hypoglycemia
42
What are the contraindications for Glucagon?
* Hyperglycemia * Hypersensitivity to glucagon, beef or pork proteins
43
What is the generic name for Ibuprofen?
Advil
44
What class of medication does Ibuprofen belong to?
NSAID, Analgesic
45
What is the mechanism of action of Ibuprofen?
Reversible inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2, reducing swelling and pain.
46
What is the adult dosage for Ibuprofen?
400 mg PO (Do not repeat dose)
47
What are the indications for Ibuprofen?
Headache
48
What are the contraindications for Ibuprofen?
* Hypersensitivity to ibuprofen * Asthma * Significant renal disease history * Suspected intracranial bleed * GI bleeding history * Pregnancy * Over 65
49
What is the generic name for Ipratropium Bromide?
Atrovent
50
What class of medication does Ipratropium Bromide belong to?
Anticholinergic, Parasympatholytic
51
What is the mechanism of action of Ipratropium Bromide?
Blocks parasympathetic response to maintain bronchodilation.
52
What is the dosage for Ipratropium Bromide in adults?
500 mcg nebulized (max 1500 mcg) 1 puff (20 mcg/puff) MDI with spacer, repeat 30-60 seconds prn to a total maximum of 15 puffs
53
What are the indications for Ipratropium Bromide?
Bronchospasm
54
What are the contraindications for Ipratropium Bromide?
Hypersensitivity
55
What is the generic name for Naloxone?
Narcan
56
What class of medication does Naloxone belong to?
Narcotic antagonist
57
What is the mechanism of action of Naloxone?
Antagonizes opioid effects by competing for receptor sites.
58
What is the adult dosage for Naloxone?
● 0.05 mg IV/IO q 2 minutes prn to a total maximum of 1 mg ● 0.8 mg IM q 5 minutes prn to a total maximum of 3.2 mg ● 2 mg intranasal (1 mg/nostril) q 3-5 minutes prn to a total maximum of 4 mg
59
What are the indications for Naloxone?
Reversal of respiratory depression due to opioid overdose
60
What is the maximum total dose of naloxone for adults?
● IV/IO maximum of 1 mg ● IM maximum of 3.2 mg ● intranasal maximum of 4 mg
61
What is the indication for naloxone administration?
Reversal of respiratory depression due to opioid overdose
62
What is a major contraindication for naloxone?
Hypersensitivity
63
What is the preferred route of administration for naloxone?
IV/IO
64
What should be monitored after administering naloxone?
Signs of respiratory depression
65
What is the recommended dosage of nitroglycerin for adults?
* 0.4 mg SL (1 spray) q 3-5 minutes prn or until systolic BP less than 100 mmHg * 0.8 mg/hr patch
66
What class of medication is nitroglycerin?
Anti-anginal, Vasodilator, Nitrate
67
What is the mechanism of action of nitroglycerin?
Decreases myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing preload and afterload
68
What are the contraindications for nitroglycerin?
* Systolic BP less than 100 mmHg * Unable to establish IV access * Right ventricular infarct * Use of phosphodiesterase inhibitors within 24 hours
69
What should nitroglycerin be administered for?
Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS)
70
What is the generic name for Entonox?
Nitrous Oxide
71
What is the class of nitrous oxide?
Gaseous analgesic
72
List one indication for nitrous oxide.
* Pain of musculoskeletal origin * Burns
73
What is a contraindication for nitrous oxide?
* Inability to follow commands * Intoxication with alcohol or drugs * Head injury with altered mental status * Thoracic injury suspicious for pneumothorax * Abdominal pain and distention suspicious of bowel obstruction
74
What is the generic name for Insta-Glucose?
Oral Glucose
75
What is the dosage for oral glucose?
25 g PO q 5 minutes to a maximum of 50 g
76
What is the indication for administering oral glucose?
Hypoglycemia
77
What is a contraindication for oral glucose?
Hyperglycemia
78
What is the maximum clinical effect duration of oral glucose?
50 minutes
79
What is the generic name for Ventolin?
Salbutamol
80
What class of medication is salbutamol?
Beta 2 selective adrenergic agonist, Bronchodilator
81
What are the contraindications for salbutamol?
* Hypersensitivity * Tachydysrhythmias
82
What side effects may occur with salbutamol?
* Tachydysrhythmias * Tremors * Palpitations * Ischemic discomfort * Nausea/vomiting

Primary Care Paramedic - ESA 2025-01 (70 decks)

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