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Primary Care Paramedic - ESA 2025-01 > ESA Medication Formulary > Flashcards

ESA Medication Formulary Flashcards

1
Q

What is the generic name for Tylenol?

A

Acetaminophen

Acetaminophen is an antipyretic and analgesic.

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2
Q

What class of medication does Acetaminophen belong to?

A

Antipyretic, Analgesic, Selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Acetaminophen?

A

Selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase, decreasing prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS to reduce fever and pain.

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4
Q

What is the adult dosage for Acetaminophen?

A

975 mg PO (Do not repeat dose)

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5
Q

What are the indications for administering Acetaminophen?

A
  • Febrile greater than 38 degrees C
  • Management of pain
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6
Q

What contraindications exist for Acetaminophen?

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Active liver disease/hepatic impairment
  • Patients undergoing chemotherapy
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7
Q

What is the trade name for Acetylsalicylic Acid?

A

Aspirin, ASA

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8
Q

What class of medication does Acetylsalicylic Acid belong to?

A

Platelet inhibitor, NSAID

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Acetylsalicylic Acid?

A

Inhibits aggregation of platelets by irreversibly inhibiting thromboxane A2 formation.

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10
Q

What is the maximum dosage for Acetylsalicylic Acid in a 24-hour period?

A

160 mg per 24 hour period (Do not repeat dose)

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11
Q

What are the indications for Acetylsalicylic Acid?

A

Suspected acute coronary syndromes (ACS)

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12
Q

What are the contraindications for Acetylsalicylic Acid?

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Active GI bleed
  • Asthmatic with past sensitivity to ASA/NSAIDs
  • Unable to follow commands
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13
Q

What is the generic name for D50W?

A

D50W (50% Dextrose in water)

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14
Q

What class of medication is D50W?

A

Caloric agent/Carbohydrate

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15
Q

What is the mechanism of action of D50W?

A

Hyperglycemic

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16
Q

What is the dosage for D50W in adults?

A

25 g SIVP/IO q 5 minutes, titrate to BGL ≥ 4.0 mmol/L

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17
Q

What are the indications for administering D50W?

A

Symptomatic hypoglycemia

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18
Q

What are the contraindications for D50W?

A
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Allergy to corn or corn products
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19
Q

What is the trade name for Dimenhydrinate?

A

Gravol

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20
Q

What class of medication does Dimenhydrinate belong to?

A

Antiemetic

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21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Dimenhydrinate?

A

Inhibits vestibular stimulation and acetylcholine in the vestibular and reticular systems.

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22
Q

What is the adult dosage for Dimenhydrinate?

A

50 mg SIVP/IM q 4 hours

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23
Q

What are the indications for Dimenhydrinate?

A
  • Nausea and vomiting due to vertigo
  • Motion sickness
  • Pregnancy
  • Narcotic administration
  • Alcohol withdrawal
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24
Q

What are the contraindications for Dimenhydrinate?

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Narrow angle glaucoma
  • Large quantities of depressants
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25
Q

What is the generic name for Diphenhydramine?

A

Benadryl

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26
Q

What class of medication does Diphenhydramine belong to?

A

Antihistamine

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27
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Diphenhydramine?

A

H1 and H2 antagonist, blocking histamine release.

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28
Q

What is the dosage for Diphenhydramine during an allergic reaction?

A

50 mg PO (Elixir) or 1 mg/kg IM/SIVP/IO to a maximum of 50 mg (Do not repeat)

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29
Q

What are the indications for Diphenhydramine?

A
  • Allergic reaction
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms from haloperidol or metoclopramide
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30
Q

What are the contraindications for Diphenhydramine?

A

Hypersensitivity to diphenhydramine or dimenhydrinate

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31
Q

What is the trade name for Epinephrine?

A

Adrenalin

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32
Q

What class of medication does Epinephrine belong to?

A

Non-selective Adrenergic Agonist, Sympathomimetic

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33
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Epinephrine?

A

Non-specific activation of beta and alpha adrenergic receptors.

34
Q

What is the adult dosage for Epinephrine in anaphylaxis?

A

0.3 mg IM (1 mg/mL) repeat q 5 minutes prn to a maximum of 0.9 mg

35
Q

What are the indications for Epinephrine?

A

Anaphylaxis

36
Q

What are the contraindications for Epinephrine?

A
  • None in emergent anaphylaxis
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Underlying cardiovascular disease
37
Q

What is the generic name for Glucagon?

38
Q

What class of medication does Glucagon belong to?

A

Hyperglycemic agent, Pancreatic hormone

39
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Glucagon?

A

Breaks down hepatic glycogen stores to increase blood glucose levels.

40
Q

What is the adult dosage for Glucagon?

A

1 mg/unit IM q 15 minutes to a maximum of 2 mg

41
Q

What are the indications for Glucagon?

A

Symptomatic hypoglycemia

42
Q

What are the contraindications for Glucagon?

A
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Hypersensitivity to glucagon, beef or pork proteins
43
Q

What is the generic name for Ibuprofen?

44
Q

What class of medication does Ibuprofen belong to?

A

NSAID, Analgesic

45
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ibuprofen?

A

Reversible inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2, reducing swelling and pain.

46
Q

What is the adult dosage for Ibuprofen?

A

400 mg PO (Do not repeat dose)

47
Q

What are the indications for Ibuprofen?

48
Q

What are the contraindications for Ibuprofen?

A
  • Hypersensitivity to ibuprofen
  • Asthma
  • Significant renal disease history
  • Suspected intracranial bleed
  • GI bleeding history
  • Pregnancy
  • Over 65
49
Q

What is the generic name for Ipratropium Bromide?

50
Q

What class of medication does Ipratropium Bromide belong to?

A

Anticholinergic, Parasympatholytic

51
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ipratropium Bromide?

A

Blocks parasympathetic response to maintain bronchodilation.

52
Q

What is the dosage for Ipratropium Bromide in adults?

A

500 mcg nebulized (max 1500 mcg)

1 puff (20 mcg/puff) MDI with spacer, repeat 30-60 seconds prn to a total maximum of 15 puffs

53
Q

What are the indications for Ipratropium Bromide?

A

Bronchospasm

54
Q

What are the contraindications for Ipratropium Bromide?

A

Hypersensitivity

55
Q

What is the generic name for Naloxone?

56
Q

What class of medication does Naloxone belong to?

A

Narcotic antagonist

57
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Naloxone?

A

Antagonizes opioid effects by competing for receptor sites.

58
Q

What is the adult dosage for Naloxone?

A

● 0.05 mg IV/IO q 2 minutes prn to a total maximum of 1 mg
● 0.8 mg IM q 5 minutes prn to a total maximum of 3.2 mg
● 2 mg intranasal (1 mg/nostril) q 3-5 minutes prn to a total maximum of 4 mg

59
Q

What are the indications for Naloxone?

A

Reversal of respiratory depression due to opioid overdose

60
Q

What is the maximum total dose of naloxone for adults?

A

● IV/IO maximum of 1 mg
● IM maximum of 3.2 mg
● intranasal maximum of 4 mg

61
Q

What is the indication for naloxone administration?

A

Reversal of respiratory depression due to opioid overdose

62
Q

What is a major contraindication for naloxone?

A

Hypersensitivity

63
Q

What is the preferred route of administration for naloxone?

64
Q

What should be monitored after administering naloxone?

A

Signs of respiratory depression

65
Q

What is the recommended dosage of nitroglycerin for adults?

A
  • 0.4 mg SL (1 spray) q 3-5 minutes prn or until systolic BP less than 100 mmHg
  • 0.8 mg/hr patch
66
Q

What class of medication is nitroglycerin?

A

Anti-anginal, Vasodilator, Nitrate

67
Q

What is the mechanism of action of nitroglycerin?

A

Decreases myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing preload and afterload

68
Q

What are the contraindications for nitroglycerin?

A
  • Systolic BP less than 100 mmHg
  • Unable to establish IV access
  • Right ventricular infarct
  • Use of phosphodiesterase inhibitors within 24 hours
69
Q

What should nitroglycerin be administered for?

A

Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS)

70
Q

What is the generic name for Entonox?

A

Nitrous Oxide

71
Q

What is the class of nitrous oxide?

A

Gaseous analgesic

72
Q

List one indication for nitrous oxide.

A
  • Pain of musculoskeletal origin
  • Burns
73
Q

What is a contraindication for nitrous oxide?

A
  • Inability to follow commands
  • Intoxication with alcohol or drugs
  • Head injury with altered mental status
  • Thoracic injury suspicious for pneumothorax
  • Abdominal pain and distention suspicious of bowel obstruction
74
Q

What is the generic name for Insta-Glucose?

A

Oral Glucose

75
Q

What is the dosage for oral glucose?

A

25 g PO q 5 minutes to a maximum of 50 g

76
Q

What is the indication for administering oral glucose?

A

Hypoglycemia

77
Q

What is a contraindication for oral glucose?

A

Hyperglycemia

78
Q

What is the maximum clinical effect duration of oral glucose?

A

50 minutes

79
Q

What is the generic name for Ventolin?

A

Salbutamol

80
Q

What class of medication is salbutamol?

A

Beta 2 selective adrenergic agonist, Bronchodilator

81
Q

What are the contraindications for salbutamol?

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Tachydysrhythmias
82
Q

What side effects may occur with salbutamol?

A
  • Tachydysrhythmias
  • Tremors
  • Palpitations
  • Ischemic discomfort
  • Nausea/vomiting

Primary Care Paramedic - ESA 2025-01 (64 decks)

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