Unit 4 Interventions and Practical Notes

Question 1

A: ...
E: .../...
I: ... 
O: ... 
U: ... 
T: ... 
I: ... 
P: ... 
S: ...

Answer 1

alcohol
epilepsy, endocrine, electrolytes
insulin 
opiates and other drugs
uremia (kidney failure)
trauma, temperature
infection 
poisoning
shock, stroke, seizure, syncope

Question 2

(aspirin)
indications: …
contraindications: allergy and max dose taken in past .., under age …, .., suspicion of … or …, ../… disorder

Answer 2

atraumatic chest pain; 24 hours; 19; pregnancy; thoracic; AAA; bleeding; active bleeding

Question 3

(aspirin) action: …–> makes it more difficult for platelets to stick together
Dose/availability: up to … mg in a 4 hr period (… 81 mg tabs); can be obtained from patient, on scene, or from EMS
administration: …–> have patient … non-coated tablets

Answer 3

platelet aggregate inhibitor; 325; 4; oral; chew

Question 4

(aspirin) side effects:

increased likelihood of …/…, nausea/vomiting, anaphylaxis/angioedema if patient is allergic

Answer 4

bruising; bleeding

Question 5

(nitroglycerin)
indications: …
contraindications: allergy and max dose within a … min period prior to/during current episode
BP is …
…. drugs taken …-… hrs prior to episode
recent …
cloudy/discolored liquid (spray)
under age …

Answer 5

atraumatic chest pain;
15
less than 100 systolic
erectile dysfunction; 24-72
head injury 
18

Question 6

(nitroglycerin) action: ….–> restores to blood flow to the heart and relieves chest pain
dose/availability: … tablets/sprays within a 15 min period, obtained through …

Answer 6

systemic vasodilation; 3; patient prescription

Question 7

6 rights 
... 
... 
... 
... 
... 
...

Answer 7

patient
medication
route
time
dose
documentation

Question 8

(nitroglycerin) administration: …–> take … before administering, reassess … and … after each dose
repeat 1 dose every … mins until max is reached for any one episode

Answer 8

sublingual; vital signs; chest pain (0-10); vital signs; 5

Question 9

(nitroglycerin) side effects: 
... 
... 
... 
... under tongue
... 
... 
.../...

Answer 9

flushing
headache
hypotension 
tingling
lightheadedness
bradycardia
dizziness/weakness

Question 10

(albuterol) indications: dyspnea due to …; patient is alert and physically capable of using neb/inhaler
neb flow rate: …
contraindications: allergy/max dose; patient is …

Answer 10

bronchial spasm; 6-8; unable to use device

Question 11

(albuterol) action: … –> allows for air exchange
Dose/availability: MDI: according to … or … puffs; Neb: …–> can repeat one full dose if indications remain after … mins
obtained through …, or neb can be from …

Answer 11

bronchiodilator; prescription; 2; one bullet; 5; patient prescription; ems

Question 12

(albuterol) administration:
MDI:
- use … if available
- coach patient to …, depress MDI while …, hold breath as long as comfortable, then exhale … through pursed lips/nose
- separate puffs with … - … seconds of …

Answer 12

spacer
exhale
inhaling
slowly
30-60; oxygen

Question 13

(albuterol) administration: 
Neb: 
- mouthpiece/mask
- assemble and supply ... 
- coach patient to slowly and deeply inhale mist, ... as long as comfortable and slowly ..

Answer 13

O2; hold breath; exhale

Question 14

(albuterol) side effects:
- …/…/…
… mouth
- slight increase in …/…
- …
- …
- …
- … irritation
- …

Answer 14

jitters; nervous; tremors
dry
pulse; BP
palpitations
nausea
headache
throat
vomiting

Question 15

(epinephrine) indications: …
contraindications: … or … liquid; no medical contraind.
action: … and … –> addresses both shock and resp. distress

Answer 15

anaphylaxis; discolored; precipitated; vasoconstriction; bronchodilation

Question 16

(epinephrine) dose/availability –> 1 pen: adult = … mg, child = … mg
may give 2nd pen after at least … mins if patient is still eligible
obtained through … or .. provided

Answer 16

0.3; 0.15; 10; prescription; EMS

Question 17

(epinephrine) administration: 
clean injection site 
make fist around unit 
pull off ... 
insert firmly into ... such that unit is ... to thigh
hold firmly in thigh for about ... secs
massage injection area for ...

Answer 17

activation cap
lateral thigh; perpendicular
3
10 s

Question 18

(epinephrine) side effects: 
.../......
.../...
...
...
...
... mouth 
... pain 
...

Answer 18

anxiety; nervousness
tremors
nausea; vomiting
hypertension
headache
tachycardia
dry
chest
cardiac arrhythmia

Question 19

(glucose) indications: … due to suspected …
contraindications: …
actions: raises blood …

Answer 19

altered mental status; hypoglycemia;
inability to swallow
sugar

Question 20

(glucose) dose/availability: … , followed by meal with complex carbs; obtained through …
administration: …–> use tongue depressor to apply to cheek
no side effects

Answer 20

1 tube (or half for kid); EMS; oral

Question 21

(naloxone) indications: … due to suspected …
contraindications: allergy/max dose, … or … of liquid
action: …

Answer 21

decreased respiratory drive; opioid overdose; discoloration; precipitation
blocks opioid receptors

Question 22

(naloxone) dose/availability: auto-injector = … mg, IN spray –> …. mg, 1 in each nare
provided by …
administration: assemble and spray 1 mg into each …

Answer 22

0.4; 2; EMS; nostril

Question 23

(naloxone) side effects: 
.../...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
... BP
... or ...
... 
...

Answer 23

agitation; combativeness
diaphoresis
nausea 
diarrhea
tremors
tachycardia
seizures
dyspnea
elevated BP
cardiac arrest/ v. fib
pulmonary edema 
abdominal cramps

Question 24

hypoglycemia:
increased … and …
… skin, … skin, … skin, …

Answer 24

heart rate; bp

moist; pale; cool; sweating

Question 25

stroke:
usually presents with … blood pressure
skin usually ….

Answer 25

high; normal

Question 26

anaphylaxis:
… blood pressure
starts with … respiratory rate

Answer 26

low; increased

Question 27

opioid overdose:
… heartbeat and … BP
…, …, …/… skin
… respiratory rate

Answer 27

slow; low;
pale; blue; cool/clammy
depressed

Question 28

asthma:
… blood pressure
heart attack:
can present with a ..

Answer 28

high; cool sweat

Question 29

if both aspirin and nitro are available at the same time, give … first

Answer 29

aspirin