Chapter 38

Question 1

vehicle safety systems:
can become hazards after a collision: … can release and injure you
air bags fill on impact and quickly deflate–> Located in the steering wheel and passenger dash.
Nondeployed airbags pose a risk; therefore, maintain appropriate clearance.
Use appropriate protective gear to reduce the risk of eye or lung irritation from the … or …in air bags.

Answer 1

“loaded” bumper; cornstarch; talc

Question 2

…is the removal from entrapment or a dangerous situation or position.
You may provide care as extrication goes on around you.
…is a condition in which a person is caught within a closed area with no way out or has a limb or other body part trapped.

Answer 2

Extrication; Entrapment

Question 3

EMS personnel are responsible for:
Assessing and providing medical care
… and ... patients
Providing additional assessment and care as needed once patients are removed
Providing transport to the ED

Answer 3

triaging; packaging;

Question 4

The rescue team is responsible for:
… and … the vehicle
Providing … and access to the patients
… any patients

Answer 4

securing; stabilizing; safe entrance; extricating

Question 5

Law enforcement is responsible for:
Controlling …
Maintaining … at the scene
Establishing and maintaining a … Firefighters are responsible for:
… and preventing … Ensuring scene safety
Removing …

Answer 5

traffic; order; perimeter; extinguishing fire; ignition; spilled fuel

Question 6

Position the ambulance to block the scene from …
Put on PPE and look for … before exiting your vehicle.
Make sure the scene is properly marked and protected.
Size-up is the ongoing process of scene assessment to determine strategies and tactics to manage an emergency.

Answer 6

oncoming traffic; passing cars;

Question 7

… is the ability to recognize possible issues and act proactively to avoid a negative impact.
During a 360-degree walk around, identify:
Mechanism of injury
…or ….patients
The number of patients and vehicles involved
Safety concerns

Answer 7

Situational awareness; trapped; ejected;

Question 8

While looking at the vehicle, note damage.
Bent …
Imprints in the …
… patient
Check windshield for a … of shattered glass.
Document your findings.
Maintain a high index of suspicion.
Evaluate the need for additional resources.

Answer 8

steering wheel
dashboard
unrestrained
spider-web pattern

Question 9

Other potential hazards
Look for spilled … and other flammables.
... or ...
..., ..., …
Crashes that occur on ... 
...

Answer 9

fuel; 
electrical short; damaged battery
rain; sleet; snow
hills
violence

Question 10

Coordinate your efforts with rescue teams and law enforcement.
Communicate with the …
Communicate with the … as soon as you arrive.
You may enter the vehicle to provide patient care when approved by the incident commander.

Answer 10

rescue team; incident commander;

Question 11

… are a common hazard at vehicle crash scenes.
Never attempt to move them.
Instruct the patient to remain in the vehicle until power is ….
Remain in the … zone, outside of the … zone.

Answer 11

downed electrical lines; shut off; safe; hot

Question 12

Bystanders and family can create hazards.
The vehicle can also be a hazard.
Unstable vehicle (on its … or …)
Ensure that the car is in “…” with the parking brake set and the ignition …

Answer 12

side; roof; “park”; turned off

Question 13

Alternative fuel vehicles:

Powered by … and …/… hybrids, or fuels such as …, …, …, or …

Answer 13

electricity; electricity/gasoline; propane; natural gas; methanol; hydrogen

Question 14

Support operations include:
… the scene
Establishing tool and equipment …
Marking helicopter ….
Fire and rescue personnel will work together on these functions.
Ensure vehicle is stable and hazards are eliminated or controlled.
Method to gain access depends on situation.

Answer 14

lighting;
staging areas
landing zones

Question 15

Considerations:
Is patient in a … or other structure?
Is vehicle or structure ...?
Hazards present?
Vehicle ...? 
On what type of surface? 
Is it apt to … or ...?

Answer 15

vehicle; damaged; position; roll; tip

Question 16

… may be needed to remove a patient who needs resuscitation.
Keep the patient safe.
A … can protect from flying glass or other objects.
Talk to the patient and explain what is happening.

Answer 16

Rapid extrication; heavy, nonflammable blanket;

Question 17

…:
Access the patient without using tools or breaking glass.
Try all door handles or roll down the windows before using complex access.

Answer 17

Simple access

Question 18

Complex access requires special tools

…, …, and … rescue tools

Answer 18

hand; pneumatic; hydraulic rescue

Question 19

Coordinate with rescue personnel to determine the best removal route.
Determine the …of extrication.
Determine the …to best protect the patient.
Determine how you will move the patient.
Your input is essential so that patient is protected from further harm.
Often you will be placed in the vehicle with the patient.
Be sure to wear proper PPE.

Answer 19

urgency; position

Question 20

Once the patient is free, perform a ….
Ensure that the spine is manually stabilized.
Move the patient in a series of controlled steps.

Answer 20

primary assessment

Question 21

…involves returning emergency units to service.
All equipment used on the scene must be checked.
Check and clean the ambulance, replacing used supplies.
Complete all necessary reports.

Answer 21

Termination

Question 22

Sometimes a patient can only be reached by special teams.
Specialized team skills include:
… rescue
…  rescue
... and ...rescue
... rescue

Answer 22

cave; confined space; cross-field; trail; dive

Question 23

Specialized team skills (cont’d):
… rescue
... search and rescue
...-, ...-, and ...-climbing
.../ … rescue
…
Special weapons and tactics (SWAT)
… rescue 
… rescue
… and ... rescue
… rescue

Answer 23

mine; 
missing person; 
mountain; rock; ice; 
ski/snow; 
structural collapse
technical rope
trench
water; small craft
white-water

Question 24

When you arrive, you will be directed or led to the ….
Set up your equipment at the staging area.
Perform assessment and initiate care as soon as the rescue team brings the patient to you.
Packaging and carrying the patient back to the ambulance requires a …effort.

Answer 24

staging area; joint

Question 25

An ambulance is usually summoned to the command post when a person is lost …and a search effort is initiated.
Your role is to stand by at the .. until the person or persons are found.
Once the missing person is found, you will be guided by search personnel to the location where you can begin treatment.
You may need to relocate the ambulance or use an all-terrain vehicle.

Answer 25

outdoors; command post;

Question 26

Many cave-ins and trench collapses have poor outcomes for victims.
Collapses usually involve large areas of falling dirt.
Victims cannot fully … and may become hypoxic.

Answer 26

expand their lungs

Question 27

Risk of … is a concern.
Park response vehicles at least … ft from the scene.
All vehicles should be turned off.
Road traffic should be diverted from the area.
Construction equipment may be unstable and could fall into the cave-in or trench.
Do not enter a trench without proper shoring in place.
During extrication, medical personnel trained in cave-in and trench collapse will provide most medical care.
Be prepared to receive patients after extrication.

Answer 27

secondary collapse; 500;