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EMT > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

wheeled ambulance stretcher also called a … or …: device most … used to move and transport patients

A

stretcher; gurney; commonly

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2
Q

wheeled ambulance stretcher not taken .. or … stairs or to other locations where the patient must be carried for any significant …

A

up; down; distance

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3
Q

moving a patient by rolling, using a stretcher/other wheeled device, is preferred when the situation allows and helps prevent … from carrying

A

injuries

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4
Q

(gen features of wheeled ambulance stretcher) specific .. end and .. end
strong … frame, adjustable to any … stretcher remains locked at its present height when the controls are not activated

A

head; foot; metal; height

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5
Q

(gen features of wheeled ambulance stretcher) Hinges at the center allow the head end to be …and the patient’s back to be positioned at any desired angle.

A

elevated;

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6
Q

(gen features of wheeled ambulance stretcher) Retractable guardrails are attached along the central portion of the main frame to prevent the patient from ….

A

rolling off of the stretcher

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7
Q

(gen features of wheeled ambulance stretcher) The mattress on a stretcher must be… so that it does not absorb any type of potentially infectious material, including water, blood, or other body fluid.

A

fluid resistant

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8
Q

(gen features of wheeled ambulance stretcher) Patients must always be secured with the …on the stretcher. In the event of a crash while en route to the hospital, these straps help prevent the patient from further injury.

A

straps

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9
Q

backboards used to carry and .. patients with suspected hip, pelvic, lower extremity, … or other trauma; holes serve as handles and a place to secure straps
can also be used to move patients out of awkward places

A

immobilize supine; spinal injury;

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10
Q

when lifting using proper … and maintaining physical fitness greatly reduces chance of injury

A

body mechanics

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11
Q

(body mechanics)
lifting position:
shoulder girdle should be aligned over the ..
hands should be held … to the …
force then goes essentially straight downt he …
very little .. occurs

A

pelvis; close; legs; spinal column; strain

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12
Q

(body mechanics) you may injure your back if you lift while …, if you lift with your back straight but bent significantly forward at the …

A

learning forwards; hips

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13
Q

(body mechanics) lifting technique:
legs should be spread about .. inches apart (shoulder width)
place feet so that your center of gravity is properly …
with your back held upright, bring your upper body down by …
gasp the patient/stretcher and make any necessary adjustments in the location of your feet

A

15; balanced; bending the legs

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14
Q

(body mechanics) liftin technique contd:
lift the patient by raising your .. and arms and straightening your legs until standing and then curling your arms up to …
lifting by extending the properly placed flexed legs is the safest and most powerful way to lift–> called the …
keep the weight … to your body
keep your arms the same … apart

A

upper body; waist height; power lift; close; distance

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15
Q

(body mechanics) power grip gets maximum .. from hands:
palms ….
hands about .. inches apart
all fingers at the same ..
fully support handle on curved palm
when directly lifting a patient, tightly grip the patient in a place and manner that will ensure you won’t lose your grasp

A

force; up; 10; angle

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16
Q

body drag:
keep your back .. and straight by tightening abs
kneel and extend arms no more than …-… inches in front of you
alternate between pulling the patient by … your arms and … yourself

A

locked; 15; 20; flexing; repositioning

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17
Q

to drag a patient across a bed:
kneel on the bed to avoid reaching beyond recommended distance
complete drag while … at side of bed
use the .. or .. under the patient rather than dragging by their clothes

A

standing; sheet; blanket

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18
Q

in the hospital, transfer the patient from the stretcher to a bed with a …: the stretcher should be the same … or slightly higher than the bed
you and a partner should .. on the bed and drag in increments

A

body drag; height; kneel

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19
Q

log rolling: log roll the patient onto his or her side to place a patient on a

A

backboard

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20
Q

log rolling:
kneel as … to the patient’s side as possible
keep your back straight and lean solely from the …
roll patient without stopping until the patient is resting on his/her side and braced against your …
pulling toward you allows your legs to prevent the patient from rolling over completely

A

close; hips; thighs

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21
Q

estimate patient’s weight before lifting:
adults often weight ..-… lbs–> two emts should safely lift this weight
do not attempt to lift a patient who weights more than 250 lb with fewer than … providers
know weight limits of equipment and how to handle patients that exceed this

A

120; 220; four

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22
Q

lifting and carrying a patient on a backboard or stretcher:
more of the patient’s weight rests at the … half of the device
the diamond carry uses one EMT at the …, one at the … and one on each side of the …
the one handed carry includes .. or more rescuers, each using one hand to support the backboard, so that they are able to face … while walking
when the stretcher must be carried, it’s best if … providers are available to carry it. one provider should be positioned at each corner of the stretcher

A

head; head; foot; torso; four; forward; four

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23
Q

rolling a wheeled stretcher: make sure it’s in the fully .. position; your partner should control the head end and assist you by pushing with his or her arms held with the elbows ….

A

elevated; bent

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24
Q

use a stair chair to carry a patient up or down a flight of … or other significant incline if the patient is … and their condition allows them to be placed in a … position
stair chair is a …, wheeled folding chair; has a molded seat, adjustable safety straps, and fold-out handles at both the head and feet

A

stairs; conscious; sitting; lightweight

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25
Q

moving a patient on stairs:
backboard should be used for a patient who is …, who must be moved in … position, who must be …
carry the patient on the backboard down the stairs to the prepared stretcher–> place the strongest EMTs at the .. and … ends of the board; the … person should be at the foot end

A

unresponsive; supine; immobilized; head; foot; taller

26
Q

Loading a wheeled stretcher into an ambulance

1. Ensure the frame is held firmly between two hands so it does not tip.
2. Newer models are ....
	a. Extra wheels at the head end of the stretcher allow you to push the stretcher into the back of the ambulance.
3. Models that are not self-loading need to be ...and then lifted to the height of the ...of the ambulance.
4. ...inside the ambulance will hold the stretcher in place during transport.
A

self-loading; lowered; floor; Clamps

27
Q

team actions must be … team leader indicates where each team member should be and rapidly describes sequence of steps to perform before lifting
use … commands and …

A

coordinated; preparatory; countdowns

28
Q

Emergency moves are used when there is a potential for …before assessment and care are provided.
1. Examples: fire, explosives, hazardous materials
Use these moves when you cannot properly assess the patient or provide immediate care because of the patient’s …or …

A

danger; location; position

29
Q

(techniques to help prevent aggravation of patient’s spinal injury)
…: pull on the patient’s clothing in the neck and shoulder area
…: place the patient on a blanket, coat, or other item that can be pulled

A

clothes drag; blanket drag

30
Q

(techniques to help prevent aggravation of patient’s spinal injury) …: rotate the patient’s arms so they are extended straight on the ground beyond his or her head, grasp the wrists, and drag the patient
…: place your arms under the patient’s shoulders and through the armpits, and, while grasping your opposite wrist, drag the patient backward

A

arm drag; arm-to-arm drag

31
Q

Removing an unconscious patient from a vehicle while alone

1. Move the patient’s legs clear of the ....
2. Rotate the patient so that his or her back is toward the open ...
3. Place your arms under the patient’s shoulders and through the patient’s armpits, and support the patient’s head against your body.
4. If the legs and feet clear the car, rapidly drag the patient from the seat to a safe location.
A

pedals; car door;

32
Q

An urgent move may be necessary to move patients:

1. With altered level of .. 2. With inadequate ... 3. In ...
A

consciousness; ventilation; shock

33
Q

(urgent moves) Rapid extrication technique should be used when a patient is sitting in a …and must be …moved Whether a backboard is used for this skill will depend on your local protocols.

A

vehicle; urgently;

34
Q

(urgent moves) rapid extrication technique increases the risk of damage if the patient has a spinal injury. should be used only if urgency exists:
the vehicle or scene is …
the patient needs immediate intervention that requires a … position
the patient cannot be properly assessed prior to … from the vehicle
the patient has a … condition requiring immediate transport
the patient blocks your access to another … patient

A

unsafe; supine; removal; life-threatening

35
Q

Using the rapid extrication technique, a patient can be moved from sitting in a vehicle to supine on a backboard in … or less.
Because of its rapid nature, this technique increases the risk of damage if the patient has a ….
Look at all available options before using this technique.
Once the patient has been moved onto the backboard, move the patient away from the hazard to begin life-saving treatment.

A

1 minute; spinal injury;

36
Q

nonurgent moves: used when both scene and patient are …, carefully … how to move the patient

A

stable; plan

37
Q

(nonurgent moves) Use a direct ground lift:
used for .. patients with no suspected …
for patients who need to be carried over some ..
EMTs stand … to lift/carry the patient

A

supine; spinal injury; distance; side by side

38
Q

use an extremity lift:
(nonurgent moves) for patients with no suspected … who are … or …
patients who are in a …
one EMT is at the patient’s … and the other at the patient’s …
coordinate moves …

A

spinal injury; supine; sitting; small space; head; feet; verbally

39
Q

(nonurgent moves) transfer moves:
…
… method
…

A

direct carry; draw sheet; scoop stretcher

40
Q

(nonurgent moves) direct carry: with two or more rescuers, move the supine patient from the … to the …

A

bed; stretcher

41
Q

(nonurgent moves) draw sheet method: with two or more rescuers, move the patient from the bed to the stretcher using a

A

sheet or blanket

42
Q

(nonurgent moves) using a scoop stretcher: insert the halves of the scoop stretcher under each …of a patient
fasten the sides together
with two or more rescuers, move the patient to a nearby stretcher

A

side

43
Q

(nonurgent moves) other carries:
Log roll or slide to move the patient onto the …, secure the patient, and lift and carry the backboard to the nearby prepared stretcher.
Assist the patient to the …of the bed, and place the patient’s legs over the side, helping the patient to sit up. Move the stretcher so that its foot end touches the bed near the patient. Help the patient to stand and rotate so that he or she can sit down on the center of the stretcher. Lift the patient’s legs, and rotate them onto the stretcher while your partner lowers the patient’s …onto the stretcher.

A

backboard; edge; torso

44
Q

(geriatrics) …, …, and .. may present special challenges in geriatrics
many patients cannot lie … on a backboard/scoop stretcher without causing further injury
consider the use of geriatric specific immobilization devices, such as a …

A

brittle bones; rigidity; spinal curvatures; supine; vacuum mattress

45
Q

(geriatrics) allay the patient’s fears with a … and … approach. slow down, explain, and anticipate

A

sympathetic; compassionate

46
Q

(bariatrics) refers to management of …

stretching and equipment are being produced with … capacities: does not address … to users of that equipment

A

obesity; higher; danger

47
Q

Bariatric stretchers

1. Specialized wheeled stretchers for ...or ...patients
2. Have a wider patient ...and wider wheelbase allowing for increased ... 3. The most important feature is the increased ...capacity.
A

overweight; obese; surface area; stability; weight-lifting

48
Q

Pneumatic and electronic-powered wheeled stretchers

1. Battery- or air-operated units with ...controls to raise and lower the ... 2. The added controls and equipment increase the ...of the stretcher.
A

electronic ; undercarriage; weight

49
Q

Portable/folding stretchers

1. Stretchers with a strong rectangular tubular ...frame with rigid fabric stretched across it
2. Used in areas that are ...
3. Weigh much ...than wheeled stretchers
A

metal; difficult to reach; less

50
Q

Flexible stretchers

1. Can be rolled up across the stretcher’s width or length so the stretcher becomes a smaller ...
2. Conforms around a patient’s ...and does not extend beyond them
3. When extended, useful for removing a patient from or through a ...
A

tubular package; sides; confined space

51
Q

Short backboards

1. Used to ...the head, torso, and neck of a seated patient with a suspected ...
2. Short wooden backboards have mostly been replaced with a ... device such as the KED.
A

immobilize; spinal injury; vest-type

52
Q

Vacuum mattresses

1. An alternative to the backboard for immobilizing ...and ...patients
2. The patient is placed on the mattress and the air is removed from the device, allowing it to ...around the patient.
3. Provides a high degree of ..., .., and ...insulation
A

geriatric ; pediatric; mold; immobilization; comfort; thermal

53
Q

basket stretchers: … litter, also called a … litter
used for … locations, including water rescue and technical rope rescue
rigid stretchers used to carry patients across … terrain

A

rigid; stokes; remote; uneven

54
Q 
basket stretchers (contd): 
in case of spinal injury, secure the patient to the ..., and then secure them inside the basket stretcher to carry the patient out fo the location 
when you return to the ambulance, lift the backboard out of basket stretcher and place it on the wheeled stretcher
used for technical ... rescues and some .. resuces
A

backboard; rope; water

55
Q

Scoop stretchers

1. Designed to be split into two or four pieces
2. The pieces are fitted around a patient who is lying on the ...or on a flat surface.
3. The parts are then ..., and the patient is lifted and put onto a backboard.
4. You must fully stabilize immobilize and secure the patient on the scoop stretcher.
A

ground ; reconnected;

56
Q

Neonatal isolettes

1. A neonatal patient cannot be transported on a ....
2. A neonatal isolette keeps the neonatal patient ..., with moistened air in a clean environment.
4. Protects from noise, drafts, infection, and excess handling
A

wheeled ambulance stretcher; warm;

57
Q

the neonatal isolette may be … to a wheeled stretcher or …

A

secured; freestanding

58
Q

Decontamination

1. It is essential that you ...equipment after use:
	a. For your own safety
	b. For the safety of crew using the equipment after you
	c. For the safety of your patients
	d. To prevent the spread of disease
2. Know and follow your local standard operating procedures for disinfecting equipment.
A

decontaminate ;

59
Q

A patient must be properly positioned based on the chief complaint.

1. A patient with no suspected injury reporting chest pain or respiratory distress should be placed in a position of ...—typically a ...or .... position. 
2. Patients who are in shock should be packaged and placed in a ... position. 
3. Patients in late stages of pregnancy should be positioned and transported on their ... if they are uncomfortable or hypotensive when supine.
A

comfort; Fowler; semi-Fowler; supine; left side

60
Q
  1. An unresponsive patient with no suspected spinal, hip, or pelvic injury should be placed in the …position–> recumbent.
  2. A patient who is nauseated or vomiting should be transported in a position of ….
A

recovery ; comfort

61
Q

medical restraint:
evaluate for … causes of combativeness: head injury, hypoxia, hypoglycemia
follow local protocols. obtain medical control authorization if necessary
restraint requires … personnel: one for each extremity of the patient, and one for the patient’s head; one EMT should be the established …
restrain the patient …–> … may develop in prone position

A

correctible; five; team leader; supine; positional asphyxia

62
Q

each … should have a restraint applied to it. the patient should be restrained on a backboard with one arm above his or her … and the other arm by his/her …
continually assess the patient’s …, …, and distal … after restraints are applied
document all info

A

extremity; head; side; ABC’s; mental status; circulation

EMT (45 decks)

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