Chapter 13 Flashcards
BLS is … emergency lifesaving care that is used to treat medical conditions such as airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, cardiac arrest
noninvasive
if the patient is in cardiac arrest, then a … sequence is used because chest compressions are essential and must be started as quickly as possible
only … should pass between the time you recognize a patient needs BLS and the start of treatment–> … is possible if brain is without oxygen for more than 4 to 6 mins
CAB: seconds; permanent brain damage
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): establishes … and … in a patient who is not breathing and has no pulse
CPR steps:
restore circulation by
1. performing … high-quality compressions to circulate the blood
2. …
3. restore breathing by providing rescue breathing–> administer .. .breaths while visualizing for chest rise
circulation; artificial ventilation; 30; open airway; 2
BLS differs from ALS ALS involves: - cardiac ... - ... and ... - advanced ...
monitoring
intravenous fluids; meds;
airway adjuncts
AHA’s chain of survival:
recognition and activation of the … system
immediate, high-quality …
rapid …
… and .. emergency medical services
advanced … and … care
if any one of the links in the chain is absent, the patient is more likely to die
emergency response CPR defibrillation basic; advanced; life support; post-arrest
Determining responsiveness should take no more than …seconds
an unresponsive patient may or may not need CPR
10
although .. arrest in adults usually occurs before … arrest, the reverse is true for infants and children
cardiac; respiratory
automated external defibrillation–> vital link in the chain of survival
AED should be applied to cardiac arrest patients as soon as available
if you witness cardiac arrest, begin CPR and apply AED as soon as available. For children:
- apply after the first … cycles of CPR
- for children 1 month to 1 yr of age, a … is preferred; if not available, use … pads and dose-attenuating system; if neither is available, then use an AED with … with … placement
five; manual defibrillator; pediatric-sized pads; adult-sized pads; anterior-posterior
special situations for AED use: ‘
- pacemakers and implanted defibs–> place electrodes at least … inch away from the device
- wet patients: if the patient is in water, pull the patient out and … the skin before attaching the AED pads; if the patient is in a small puddle of water/in snow, the AED can be used, but the patient’s chest should be dried as much as possible
- transdermal medication patches–> .. the patch and … the skin to remove any residue prior to attaching AED pad
1; dry; remove; wipe
for CPR to be effective, patient must be … on firm, flat surface
must be enough space around the patient for two rescuers to perform CPR
.. patient onto long backboard
supine; log roll
quickly check for breathing and a pulse: these assessments can occur simultaneously and take no longer than … second total–> visualize the chest for signs of breathing, palpate for a .. pulse
10; carotid
provide external chest compressions:
apply … pressure and … to lower half of sternum
compressions .. heart, acting as a pump to circulate blood
avoid … in between compressions
proper hand positioning is crucial
injuries can be minimized by proper technique and hand placement
rhythmic; relaxation; squeeze; leaning on the chest
if you determine that the patient is adequately breathing and there are no signs injury to the head, spine, hip, or pelvis, place the patient in the …
recovery position
the combination of lack of oxygen and too much carbon dioxide in the blood is lethal–> provide slow, deliberate ventilations that last …
if patient is not breathing, ventilations can be given by one or two EMS providers–> use a …
1 second; barrier device
For a patient with a stoma, place a … or … device directly over the stoma
… may result in …
have a suction unit available in case patient vomits
BVM; pocket mask; artificial ventilation; gastric distension