Unit 3 Study Guide

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

the smallest particle of an element (retains properties of that element)

Question 2

Why is an atom neutral?

Answer 2

of protons = # of electrons

Question 3

Electron cloud

Answer 3

the area outside of the nucleus containing electrons

Question 4

Electrons

Answer 4

negatively charged subatomic particles found outside of the nucleus

Question 5

What determines which element an atom is?

Answer 5

the # of protons

Question 6

Neutrons

Answer 6

subatomic particle found in the nucleus that carries no charge

Question 7

atomic #

Answer 7

= to the # of protons of an element (& # of electrons in a neutral atom)

Question 8

Mass number

Answer 8

the number of protons plus neutrons is the mass number of an isotope ( #P + #N = mass #)

Question 9

What equals one amu?

Answer 9

1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12

Question 10

Hyphen notation

Answer 10

the element name/ symbol followed by a hyphen and the mass # of the Isotope

Question 11

How are cations formed?

Answer 11

electrons are lost giving the ion more + charges than - (overall positive charge)

Question 12

How anions are formed?

Answer 12

electrons are gained giving ion more - charges than + (overall negative charge)

Question 13

What type of element generally forms cations?

Answer 13

Metals generally form cations by losing electrons

Question 14

How are isotopes of the same element alike/ diff?

Answer 14

Isotopes of the name element have the same # of protons but have diff # of neutrons (giving them diff masses)

Question 15

What is the diff between an atom and an ion?

Answer 15

atom is neutral and the ion is charged

Question 16

All atoms of potassium have the same # of…

Answer 16

Protons