Chemical Reactions (study guide) Flashcards
A chemical equation represents:
A chemical reaction
Once a chemical equation is balanced, it demonstrates:
the Law of Conservation of Mass
The balanced chemical equation has the same # of:
atoms of each element on both sides of the equation
Mass of the reactants =
mass of the products
masses cannot be:
created or destroyed
What happens during a chemical reaction?
1.bonds btwn atoms of substances are broken
2.atoms are rearranged,
3.new bonds are formed
Chemical reactions form:
new substances with diff. properties
Indications of a chemical reaction:
1.Energy change (heat,light)
2. Production of gas (bubbles, fizz, smoke)
3.Change in color
4. formation of a precipitate
Precipitate:
a solid produced by a chemical reaction in solution that separates from the solution
Two parts of a chemical reaction:
Reactants and products
Reactant:
-substances that combine the og substances
-LEFT
Product:
-substances formed
-RIGHT
5 types of Reactions:
-Synthesis
-Decomposition
-Single Replacement
-Double Replacement
-Combustion
Synthesis:
Two or more reactants combine to form one product
PART + PART -> COMPOUND
Decomposition:
One reactant breaks into two or more products
COMPOUND -> PART + PART
Single Replacement:
One element and one compound reactants
-A more reactive element replaces a less reactive element in the compound
ELEMENT + COMPOUND -> ELEMENT + COMPOUND (switched)
(Single Replacement) Types of switches:
Cationic or anionic switch
Double Replacement:
Two compound reactants
-ions form compound reactants switch places to form two new compound products
2 COMPOUNDS -> 2 COMPOUNDS (switched ions)
Combustion:
A hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce CO2 and H2O
HYDROCARBON (CH4) + O2 -> CO2 + H2O
(Formula) Single Replacement:
Cationic switch : A + BC -> Ac + B
Anionic Switch: A + BC -> BA + C
(Formula) Synthesis:
A + B -> AB
(Formula) decomposition:
AB -> A + B
(Formula) Double Replacement:
AB + CD -> AD + CB
(Formula) Combustion:
HYDROCARBON + O2 -> CO2 + H2O
Diatomic elements:
H,N,O,F,Cl,Br,I
(start w/ Hydrogen and go to element 7 and make a 7)
