III. Classifying Matter

Question 1

Chemistry:

Answer 1

the study of the composition of matter and the changes it undergoes

Question 2

What are the units of matter?

Answer 2

Atoms and elements

Question 3

Atoms:

Answer 3

the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element.

Question 4

Element:

Answer 4

a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of only one type of atom

Question 5

What is matter?

Answer 5

Anything that has mass and volume

Question 6

Volume:

Answer 6

the amount of three dimensional space an object occupies

Question 7

Mass:

Answer 7

a measure of the amount of matter

Question 8

(SOLID) Volume & shape?

Answer 8

Definite volume and shape

Question 9

(SOLID) Arrangement?

Answer 9

packed close together

Question 10

(SOLID) Movement?

Answer 10

Vibrate in a fixed position

Question 11

(SOLID) Attractive Forces/ energy?

Answer 11

Very strong force of attraction
Low energy

Question 12

(LIQUID) Volume & shape?

Answer 12

Definite volume
NO definite shape

Question 13

(LIQUID) Arrangement?

Answer 13

Close together, but can slide past one another

Question 14

(LIQUID) Movement?

Answer 14

Move past one another, Slide Flow

Question 15

(LIQUID) Attractive forces/ energy?

Answer 15

Strong force of attraction
Medium energy

Question 16

(GAS) volume & shape?

Answer 16

No definite volume/shape

Question 17

(GAS) Arrangement?

Answer 17

Spread out as far apart as possible

Question 18

(GAS) Movement?

Answer 18

Move with great speed

Question 19

(GAS) Attractive forces/energy?

Answer 19

Very weak force of attraction
Very high energy

Question 20

Two classes of Matter:

Answer 20

pure substance and mixtures

Question 21

Pure substance:

Answer 21

has a fixed position composed of just one type of particle (atom or molecule)

Question 22

Pure substances are either what?

Answer 22

compounds or elements

Question 23

Elements:

Answer 23

the simplest pure substance
can’t be broken down into smaller substances by ordinary means
made up of only one type of atom

Question 24

Compounds:

Answer 24

A pure substance- definite composition
Two or more elements combined through a chemical reaction
Composed of a definite group of molecules or ions that are chemically bonded

Question 25

Mixture:

Answer 25

A physical combination of two or more substances Identities and properties of the individual substances are retained Can be separated by physical means

Question 26

The chemical and physical properties of a compound _______from those of the elements that make up the compound.

Answer 26

Differ

Question 27

Difference between compounds and mixtures

Answer 27

- Compound has one set of properties that are diff than the properties of the elements that make up the compound - In a mixture, substances that make up the mixture retain of their properties (ex. salt water) -compounds => definite composition - a formula - Mixtures => no definite composition - varies

Question 28

Types of Mixtures

Answer 28

Homogeneous and heterogeneous

Question 29

Heterogeneous Mixture:

Answer 29

- does not appear to be the same throughout - particles large enough to see and separate from mixture - can see diff substances ex. oil and water

Question 30

Homogeneous Mixture:

Answer 30

- a mixture that appears to be the same throughout - particles do not settle out when left standing ex. air (a solution of nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon, etc)

Question 31

A homogeneous Mixture also called a...

Answer 31

A solution