Unit 13: Health Promotion

Question 1

Nicotine’s effects

Answer 1

Respiratory stimulation, skeletal muscle relaxation, epinephrine release by adrenal medulla, peripheral vasoconstriction, increased BP, HR, CO, and O2 consumption
Increased dopamine levels and brain relaxation

Question 2

Nicotine replacement patches

Answer 2

Nicoderm CQ and Habitrol
Do not require prescription
Should be worn 16-24 hours a day

Question 3

Nicotine gum

Answer 3

Nicorette
One piece of gum stays in system for 2-3 hours
At least 9 pieces a day for 6 weeks to increase success

Question 4

Nicotine nasal spray

Answer 4

Requires prescription

Fastest rate of absorption

Question 5

Nicotine lozenge

Answer 5

No prescritpion

Delivers medication quickly

Question 6

Bupropion

Answer 6

Antidepressant: Wellbutrin
Thought to be related to dopaminergic or noradrenergic properties
May cause anticholinergic effects

Question 7

Varenicline

Answer 7

Chantix
Binds to subunit of nicotinic ACh receptor–blocks nicotine’s effect on the brain
Also a partial agonist at nicotine ACh so alleviates withdrawal symptoms
May cause abnormal dreams and suicidal ideations

Question 8

Normal BMI

Answer 8

18.5-24.9

Question 9

Overweight BMI

Answer 9

25-29.9

Question 10

Obese BMI

Answer 10

> 30

Question 11

Stimulants for weight loss

Answer 11

Not usually used in treatment of obesity due to high risk of abuse and high risk of CV SE

Question 12

Appetite suppressants

Answer 12

Nonamphetamine agents
Decrease appetite by stimulating hypothalamus to release catecholamines, specifically NE
Potential for abuse

Question 13

Examples of appetite suppressants

Answer 13

Diethylpropion, phendimetrazine, phentermine

Question 14

Lipase inhibitor

Answer 14

Orlistat
Acts locally in GI tract by lowering absorption of fat by 30%
May cause diarrhea, fatty stools, flatulence

Question 15

Lipase inhibitor CI in

Answer 15

malabsorption syndrome or cholestasis

Question 16

Serotonin 5-HT 2c receptor agonist for weight loss

Answer 16

Lorcaserin
Activates pro-oplomelanocortin neurons in arcuate nucelus
Results in feeling of satiety and decreases food intake

Question 17

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Answer 17

Liraglutide
Stimulates glucose dependent insulin secretion, decreases glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying
Increases satiety and decreases food intake

Question 18

Phentermine extended release/topiramate

Answer 18

Topiramate is an anticonvulsant

Combo to cause weight loss

Question 19

Naltrexone/bupropion

Answer 19

Naltrexone is opioid antagonist
Bupropion is a dopamine/NE reuptake inhibitor
Appetite suppressant

Question 20

Drugs that may cause weight gain in type 2 DM

Answer 20

Sulfonylureas, insulin, glitinides, thiazolidinediones

Question 21

Drugs that may cause weight gain in htn

Answer 21

Beta blockers

Question 22

Drugs that may cause weight gain in depression

Answer 22

Paroxetine, amitriptyline, mirtazapine

Question 23

Drugs that may cause weight gain in psych disorders

Answer 23

Clozapine, clanzapine, queticipine, risperidone

Question 24

Drugs that may cause weight gain in chronic inflammatory disorders

Answer 24

Corticosteroids