Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Cholinergic pharmacology > Flashcards

Cholinergic pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Preganglionic ACh binds to

A

Nicotinic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Postganglionic ACh binds to

A

Muscarinic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is ACh made inside cell

A

Choline + Acetyl CoA with help of choline acetyltransferase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What degrades ACh in the cell

A

Acetylcholinesterase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

Blocks degradation of ACh causing an excess of ACh in synapse–will indirectly over stimulate N and M receptors on post ganglionic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Vesamicol

A

blocks vesicle formation of ACh which will block ACh release and block receptor stimulation for N and M

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hemicholinium

A

blocks choline uptake so ultimately decreases formation of ACh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Botulinum toxin

A

Prevents ACh release
Used specifically to block Nm receptors in blepharospasm, strabismus, dystonia, achalasia
Used to block M receptors in excessive sweating (hyperhydrosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

M receptor activation leads to

A

Decreased HR, increased secretions, and increased smooth muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

All effects of M receptor activation

A

Eye pupil constriction, accommodation for near vision, bradycardia, bronchospasm, increased GI motility, increased voiding, dilation of blood vessels, increase in all gland secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most common side effects of muscarinic agonists

A

Excessive sweating and GI distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Methacholine

A

Muscarinic agonist used for an asthma challenge–see how much bronchospasm occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bethanechol

A

Muscarinic agonist used for urinary retention treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Carbachol

A

Muscarinic agonist used for glaucoma treatment by causing pupil constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rivastigmine

A

Central acting AChE inhibitor used for alzheimer’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Donepezil

A

Central acting AChE inhibitor used for alzheimer’s disease

17
Q

Edrophonium

A

Short acting AChE inhibitor used to diagnose myasthenia gravis vs cholinergic crisis
If patient has myasthenia gravis, giving the drug will cause increased muscle tone
If patient is having a cholinergic crisis, patient will still experience flaccid paralysis

18
Q

Neostigmine

A

longer acting AChE inhibitor used to treat myasthenia gravis

19
Q

Physostigmine

A

Used to life threatening anticholinergic toxicity such as atropine overdose

20
Q

Irreversible AChE inhibitors

A

Organophosphates

See with farmers overdose

21
Q

muscarinic and nicotinic effects of acute AChE inhibitor toxicity

A 
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bradycardia
Bronchoconstriction
Excitation of CNS and muscle
Lacrimation
Salivation
Sweating
22
Q

Treatment for acute toxicity of AChE inhibitor

A

Atropine

23
Q

Other drugs that have anti-muscarinic effects

A

Antihistamines, TCA’s, antipsychotics, quinidine, amantadine, meperidine

24
Q

Pharmacologic effects of atropine

A 
Anti-muscarinic
Dry mouth
Blurry vision and dilated pupils 
Hyperthermia (hot and dry skin)
Tachycardia
Sedation
Urinary retention and constipation
Behavioral excitation and hallucination
25
Q

Cardinal signs of anti-muscarinic drugs

A

blurry vision and dry mouth

26
Q

Tropicamide

A

Anti-muscarinic

Used in ophthalmology to dilate pupils

27
Q

Ipratropium

A

Anti-muscarinic

Used for asthma to decrease bronchospasm

28
Q

Tiotropium

A

Anti-muscarinic

Used for COPD

29
Q

Scopolamine

A

Anti-muscarinic

Used for motion sickness by causing sedation

30
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Increase mouth secretions for dry mouth

Cholinimimetics

31
Q

Signs of AChE inhibitor toxicity

A

DUMBBELSS–Diarrhea, urination, miosis (pupil constriction), bronchospasm, bradycardia, sweating, salivation, lacrimation, flaccid paralysis (Due to nicotonic activation)

32
Q

Pralidoxime

A

Reverses organophosphate toxicity by bringing back AChE

33
Q

Oxybutynin

A

Decrease urinary flow

Used to treat overactive bladder and urinary incontinence

34
Q

Tolterodine

A

Decrease urinary flow

Used to treat overactive bladder and urinary incontinence

35
Q

Benztropine

A

Anti muscarinic used to treat Parkinson symptoms (decreased dopamine can lead to overactive Ach)

36
Q

Trihexyphenidyl

A

Anti muscarinic used to treat Parkinson symptoms (decreased dopamine can lead to overactive Ach)

37
Q

side effects of anti muscarinic

A

Opposite of DUMBBELSS
Hot (Due to decreased sweating), vision problems due to decreased accommodation and dilation, increased HR, decreased aqueous humor causing increased eye pressure, decreased secretion causing dry mouth, CNS effect causing madness

Pharmacology (56 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions